scholarly journals What is the impact of husband’s education on unintended pregnancies in southern Ethiopia? A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canaan Negash Seifu ◽  
Paul Patrick Fahey ◽  
Tewodros Getachew Hailemariam ◽  
Evan Atlantis
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancy rates are substantially higher in developing regions, have significant health consequences, and disproportionately affect subgroups with socio-economic disadvantage. We aimed to examine if husband’s education is associated with their wife’s unintended pregnancy in southern Ethiopia. Methods: The data source for this study was from a cross-sectional study on iron-folate supplementation and compliance in Wolaita, South Ethiopia. Data were collected from 627 married pregnant women regarding their husband’s educational status, socio-demographic characteristics and if they wanted to become pregnant at the time of survey using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Odds Ratios (ORs) with associated z-tests and 95% confidence intervals and logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables associated with unintended pregnancy. Results: The proportion of unintended pregnancy was 20.6% in this study with husband’s educational status, age, residence, and using family planning methods predictive of unintended pregnancy (all P-values <0.05). In the multivariable regression analysis, the odds of having unintended pregnancy was 60% lower (adjusted OR (95%CI; 0.4(0.18, 0.9)) when husband’s had University or College education compared to no education was after controlling for the age of women (adjusted OR per year older (95%CI); 1.13(1.09, 1.19)) and rural or urban residence (adjusted OR for rural (95%CI); 1.75(0.98, 3.12)) Conclusion: Unintended pregnancies were highest for women with less educated husbands in southern Ethiopia. We also found that being older and living in rural area were independently associated with an increased risk of unintended pregnancy. Strategies for addressing the family planning needs of families where husbands have less education should be the subject of future research.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Complaints in Occupational Therapists Compared to the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 4916
Author(s):  
Ronny Zenker ◽  
Maria Girbig ◽  
Janice Hegewald ◽  
Irina Gilewitsch ◽  
Mandy Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Occupational therapists (OTs) are exposed to physical factors at work, which can lead to an increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Most studies examining musculoskeletal complaints in OT report that the neck, shoulders, and lower back are most often afflicted. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of work as an OT (focusing on specific work tasks) on specific musculoskeletal complaints compared to the general working population. A cross-sectional study involving a self-administered standardized questionnaire was conducted from January until October 2015 in Germany. In OT and the comparison group, the highest 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders were observed for the lower back, the neck, and the shoulders. In contrast, elevated prevalence ratios (PR) were found for OT in the thumbs (PR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.9–3.8), the wrists (PR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1–1.8), and the elbows (PR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.0–2.2). OTs were particularly exposed to high exertion hand activity and several stressful postures at work. In conclusion, OTs seem to be at risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal complaints in the thumbs, wrists, and elbows. Preventive measures should help to reduce the exposures caused by highly repetitive and forceful hand activities.

scholarly journals Alcohol Use and Its Associated Factors among Adolescents Aged 15–19 Years at Governmental High Schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Enguday Tirfeneh Gebeyehu ◽  
Mengesha Srahbzu Biresaw
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The impact of alcohol use among adolescents is multidisciplinary and affects the adolescent’s academic performance, precipitates with sexually transmitted infections or psychiatric disorders, and disturbs the social domain of adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of alcohol use among adolescents aged 15–19 years at the governmental high schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, in 2019. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 January 2019 at Aksum town high school. Alcohol use was assessed by asking the question “have you used at least one of the alcoholic beverages in the last three months for nonmedical purposes?” Study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected with face-to-face interview and were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between alcohol use and associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio at a p value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was taken to declare the statistical significance of variables. Result. About 633 adolescents aged 15–19 years were addressed with a response rate of 99.7%. Prevalence of alcohol use was found to be 39.7% [95% CI (35.7, 43.6)]. Being male [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI (1.24, 2.60)], fathers’ educational status 1–8 grades [AOR = 2.98; 95% CI (1.60, 5.53)], fathers’ occupation farming [AOR = 4.24; 95% CI (2.038.85)], experienced parental neglect [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.20, 2.55)], strong social support [AOR = 1.79; 95% CI (1.11, 2.87)], and family size of greater than five [AOR = 2.03; 95%CI (1.39, 2.97)] were factors identified to be significantly associated with alcohol use among adolescents aged 15–19 years. Conclusion. In the current study, the prevalence of alcohol use is found to be high when compared to other populations. A strong association has been found between alcohol use and lower paternal educational status and farming as an occupation of parents. There should be a regular awareness creation program for parents with lower education about the devastating effects of alcohol on adolescents.

scholarly journals Resolving unintended pregnancy crisis: Is adoption a viable option? A cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212095918
Author(s):  
Evans Kofi Agbeno ◽  
Joseph Osarfo ◽  
Anthony Amanfo Ofori ◽  
Emmanuel Kusi Achampong ◽  
Betty Akua Oparebea Anane-Fenin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Objectives: Unintended pregnancy presents a crisis situation with limited options for resolution. Abortion appears to be a commonly chosen option but is stigmatized in many societies including Ghana. Keeping a child from an unintended pregnancy is also unsuitable for many people. Carrying through with the pregnancy and placing the child up for adoption is a potential management option but there is scanty literature on how viable this option is to women globally including Ghana. The study sought to assess acceptability of this option and its barriers and facilitators in Ghana. Methods: This study was a part of a bigger analytical cross-sectional study on unintended pregnancy in Kumasi conducted in three centres from January to April 2014. Exit interviews were conducted for 461 consenting women to capture data on demography, reproductive profile and acceptability of giving up a child from an unintended pregnancy for adoption. Frequencies, proportions and means were computed and presented in tables. Results: Over 85% of respondents would not give up their children for adoption as a way to manage their unintended pregnancy, whereas about 6% were undecided. A need for the child to grow up in a two-parent home was considered more important than the financial security of the adoptive parents while disappointment from family and friends came up as marked barrier to adoption. Conclusions: Keeping a pregnancy and placing the child up for adoption is presently not ideal for managing an unintended pregnancy crisis. More education is needed to increase awareness of adoption as an option in resolving this crisis while continued efforts are made at primary prevention through using contraceptives. The complex adoption process must be made friendly for women with unintended pregnancies who neither desire parenting nor abortion.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Episiotomy and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Give Birth in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Observation-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kassahun Fikadu ◽  
Negussie Boti ◽  
Birtukan Tadesse ◽  
Dureti Mesele ◽  
Emenet Aschenaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Episiotomy is the most common obstetric procedure, performed when the clinical circumstances place the patient at a high risk of high-degree laceration. However, episiotomy should be done with judicious indication to lower perineal laceration with fewer complications. Despite its adverse effects, the magnitude of episiotomy is increasing due to different factors. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the recent magnitude of episiotomy and at identifying associated factors among women who gave delivery in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 15, 2018, to January 30, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect data. This was supplemented with a review of the labor and delivery records. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the magnitude of episiotomy. P value ≤ 0.05 was used to determine the level of statistically significant variables. Results. The magnitude of episiotomy was found to be 272 (68.0%) with 95%CI=64.0‐72.5. Women who attended secondary education [AOR=10.24, 95%CI=2.81‐37.34], women who attended college and above [AOR=4.61, 95%CI=1.27‐16.71], birth weight≥3000 g [AOR=4.84, 95%CI=2.66‐8.82], primipara [AOR=4.13, 95%CI=2.40‐7.12], being housewife occupants [AOR=3.43, 95%CI=1.20‐9.98], married women [AOR=2.86, 95%CI=1.40‐5.84], and body mass index<25 kg/m2 [AOR=2.85, 95%CI=1.50‐5.44] were independent variables found to have significant association with episiotomy. Conclusion. The magnitude of episiotomy was 68.0% which is higher than the recommended practice by WHO (10%). The study participants’ occupational status, marital status, educational status, parity, birth weight, and BMI were significantly associated with the magnitude of episiotomy in the study area. Therefore, to reduce the rate of episiotomy, it is better to have periodic training for birth attendants regarding the indication of episiotomy.

scholarly journals Impact of single and combined rare diseases on adult inpatient outcomes: a retrospective, cross-sectional study of a large inpatient population

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reka Maria Blazsik ◽  
Patrick Emanuel Beeler ◽  
Karol Tarcak ◽  
Marcus Cheetham ◽  
Viktor von Wyl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Disease ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inpatient Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Little is known about the impact of rare diseases on inpatient outcomes. Objective To compare outcomes of inpatients with 0, 1, or > 1 rare disease. A catalogue of 628 ICD-10 coded rare diseases was applied to count rare diseases. Design Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Subjects 165,908 inpatients, Swiss teaching hospital. Main measures Primary outcome: in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes: length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, ICU LOS, and 30-day readmissions. Associations with single and combined rare diseases were analyzed by multivariable regression. Key results Patients with 1 rare disease were at increased risk of in-hospital death (odds ratio [OR]: 1.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.67, 1.95), combinations of rare diseases showed stronger associations (OR 2.78; 95% CI 2.39, 3.23). Females with 1 rare disease had an OR of 1.69 (95% CI 1.50, 1.91) for in-hospital death, an OR of 2.99 (95% CI 2.36, 3.79) if they had a combination of rare diseases. Males had an OR of 1.85 (95% CI 1.68, 2.04) and 2.61 (95% CI 2.15, 3.16), respectively. Rare diseases were associated with longer LOS (for 1 and > 1 rare diseases: increase by 28 and 49%), ICU admissions (for 1 and > 1: OR 1.64 [95% CI 1.57, 1.71] and 2.23 [95% CI 2.01, 2.48]), longer ICU LOS (for 1 and > 1 rare diseases: increase by 14 and 40%), and 30-day readmissions (for 1 and > 1: OR 1.57 [95% CI 1.47, 1.68] and 1.64 [95% CI 1.37, 1.96]). Conclusions Rare diseases are independently associated with worse inpatient outcomes. This might be the first study suggesting even stronger associations of combined rare diseases with in-hospital deaths, increased LOS, ICU admissions, increased ICU LOS, and 30-day readmissions.

scholarly journals Low fifth minute Apgar scores and its associated factors among newborns in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abera Mersha ◽  
Shitaye Shibiru ◽  
Agegnehu Bante
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Low Apgar scores in the childbirth period increased risk globally and significantly contributes to both newborn morbidity and mortality. Hence, it is very essential to update information on the status of low fifth-minute Apgar scores and factors affecting. The majority studies conducted were retrospective and prone to bias. In addition, there is limited study in Ethiopia that shows the recent status of low fifth-minute Apgar scores and factors affecting. Therefore, this study intends to fill those gaps. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study conducted among 286 newborns in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia from February 6 to March 9, 2019. A study participants selected by using systematic random sampling method. Pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaires and checklist used to collect the data. Data entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 15 for analysis. A crude and adjusted odds ration computed in the binary logistic regression model. In this study, P-value, < 0.05 considered to declare factors as statistically significant. Results: In this study, 17.8% (95%CI: 13.8%, 22.7%) of neonates had low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Condition of labor (induced/augmented) (AOR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.24, 8.90), meconium-stained liquor (AOR=3.37, 95%CI: 1.17, 9.74), and birth weight (AOR=3.48, 95%CI: 1.23, 9.86) were significantly associated with neonate’s low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Conclusions: This study indicated that a significant number of newborns resulted in low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Strengthen the provision of health information during antenatal care; avoid delay in screening high-risk mothers during pregnancy and delivery, and give immediate interventions should recommended. Keywords: Apgar scores, Newborns, Arba Minch

scholarly journals The Impact of Resting Heart Rate and Hypertension on the Prevalence of Stroke in Sudanese Adults: A Population- Based Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
D. A. Hassan ◽  
M. I. Elamin ◽  
M. Elamin ◽  
H. M. Beheiry ◽  
A. A. Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Aims: To investigate the effect of elevated resting heart rate (RHR), hypertension (HTN) and associated risk factors on the prevalence of stroke among Sudanese adults.  Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study based on a survey conducted by Sudanese society of hypertension during the May Month of Measurement (MMM), 2018 campaign. Methods: A total of 12281 respondents (mean age: 32.5±14.5 years, 49% men) were included. Structured questionnaires of demographic data, and self-reported medical history were filled by all respondents and analyzed.  Blood pressure and RHR were measured using an Omron BP monitor. Participants were divided into two main cohorts: normotensive (n=9497, 77.3%) and hypertensive (n=2784, 22.7%) participants. Each cohort was then segregated into three sub-cohorts using RHR tertiles (T1: <79 bpm; T2: RHR: 79 to 100 bpm; and T3:>100 bpm). Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the individual and combined effect of RHR and HTN on prevalence of stroke. Hypertensive patients were more likely to develop stroke compared to normotensive participants (OR= 2. 968, 95% CI 2.028-4.345). Within the hypertensive cohort, RHR T3 participants had a significantly increased risk of stroke compared to RHR T1-T2 combined (OR= 2.35, 95% CI1.043-5.323). Individuals of RHR T3 sub-cohort were more likely to be younger, leaner and displayed significantly higher level of both systolic & diastolic blood pressure compared to RHR T1 and T2 groups. Diabetes Mellitus and smoking increased the odds of stroke among both normotensives (OR (95% CI):5.6 (2.24- 14.09), 3.17 (1.71-6.08 respectively), and hypertensives (OR (95% CI): 4.40 (2.26-8.58), 2.03 (0.95-4.32) respectively). Female gender and older age also increases the odds of stroke among hypertensives (OR (95% CI): 1.85 (1.00- 3.45) and 2.00 (1.02- 4.17) respectively.   In conclusion, this study demonstrated that HTN was an independent risk factor of stroke. The effect of elevated RHR on stroke was only prominent when joined to high blood pressure. Prevalence of tachycardia was higher among the young participants which make them more prone to stroke if the condition is associated with HTN. Our results highlight the importance of addressing elevated RHR to reduce the risk of stroke particularly among hypertensive patients.  

scholarly journals Association of husbands' education status with unintended pregnancy in their wives in southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0235675
Author(s):  
Canaan Negash Seifu ◽  
Paul Patrick Fahey ◽  
Tewodros Getachew Hailemariam ◽  
Evan Atlantis
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Status
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