Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of Observational Studies

Abstract Background: Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder in which there is interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Study have found that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for schizophrenia. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between schizophrenia and blood vitamin D level.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted. All published observational articles have been searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane library and Embase until September 2019. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to examine the quality of the included studies.Results: A total of 38 articles have been included in this study. The lower level of vitamin D was found in people with schizophrenia compared with controls (WMD =-4.50, 95%CI [-6.69, -2.32]). Subgroup analyses based on study design, the patient’s hospitalization status, quality of the study, outcomes, and the country explained part of between-study heterogeneity. No significant differences in publication bias were observed. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in schizophrenic patients were 66%, 95%CI [57%–76%] and 76%, 95%CI [69%, 83%], respectively. Subjects with schizophrenia were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency or vitamin D insufficiency compared to controls (2.03, 95%CI [1.49, 2.77]; 2.43, 95%CI [1.40, 4.23]).Conclusion: The results of this systematic review show that low vitamin D levels might contribute to the development of schizophrenia. The prevalence of vitamin D deficient or insufficient in schizophrenia was higher than that in healthy controls or another psychotic disease .

Download Full-text

Does Vitamin D Deficiency in Different Periods of Gestation Have the Same Effect on Preterm Birth? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15534/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

bin Yi ◽

Rui-han Lian ◽

Ping-an Qi ◽

Tao Yuan ◽

Pei-jing Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Background: Current studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy can produce a certain effect for preterm birth, but there is no research showing whether vitamin D deficiency has a consistent effect in different pregnancies; thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 observational studies, grouping them according to the gestational age at the time of serum sampling, to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency in different periods of gestation has different effects on preterm birth and to provide an evidence-based basis for pregnant women to measure and supplement vitamin D. Methods: The databases PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, CBM, and CNKI were searched until July 2019. Two researchers independently assessed the eligibility and quality of studies, and STATA 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Result: Seven cohort studies, 13 case-control studies, and four cross-sectional studies were included from 2500 articles by inclusion and exclusion criteria. After adjusting for age, race, and other confounding factors, meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester, the second trimester and the third trimester did not increase the risk of preterm birth (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.88, 1.16), P = 0.867; OR = 1.12, 95%CI (0.92, 1.37), P = 0.249; OR = 1.05, 95%CI (0.87, 1.27), P = 0.602). However, there was moderate heterogeneity in the study of vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester, and subgroup analysis suggested that vitamin D deficiency in the second trimester may increase the risk of preterm birth (OR = 1.33, 95%CI (1.15, 1.54), P = 0.000). A sensitivity analysis of the second trimester showed that excluding any one study did not significantly change the results. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency in early and late pregnancy may not be associated with preterm birth, while vitamin D deficiency in middle pregnancy is likely to have an important effect on preterm birth. Vitamin D levels should be measured in the second trimester of pregnancy, and vitamin D supplements should be provided if necessary.

Download Full-text

Vitamin D Supplementation Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in Patients with PCOS: A SystematicReview of RCTs and Insight into the Underlying Mechanism

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2020/7850816 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Shan Guo ◽

Reshef Tal ◽

Haoyu Jiang ◽

Tao Yuan ◽

Ying Liu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled

Objective. Evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency correlated with metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation alone on glucose, lipid, and androgen parameters and inflammation biomarkers in women with PCOS. Methods. Literature research was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to March 2020. The effect of vitamin D supplementation alone on women with PCOS was compared with administration of placebo. The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero) as number CRD42020157444. Results. Thirteen randomized controlled trials with 824 patients in total were included. Serum FPG, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and VLDL-C were significantly decreased in the vitamin D group versus placebo. Vitamin D supplementation group also showed a significantly elevated level of QUICKI. No significant impact was seen on serum triglyceride, total-C, LDL-C, HDL-C, total testosterone, DHEAS, SHBG, or hs-CRP. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that oral vitamin D intake had significantly decreased serum triglyceride and total-C level in women with PCOS who have vitamin D deficiency (serum vitamin D < 20 ng/ml). Conclusion. The findings of the present meta-analysis indicate that vitamin D supplementation exerted favorable effects among women with PCOS on glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism, especially in vitamin D deficient women, but had no significant effect on the androgenic profile or inflammation status.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Vitamin D Level on COVID-19 Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.624559 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Amare Teshome ◽

Aynishet Adane ◽

Biruk Girma ◽

Zeleke A. Mekonnen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Conclusive Evidence ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Sufficient Vitamin ◽

The Impact

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory and systemic disorder caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or novel Coronavirus (nCoV). To date, there is no proven curative treatment for this virus; as a result, prevention remains to be the best strategy to combat coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been proposed to play a role in coronavirus infection (COVID-19). However, there is no conclusive evidence on its impact on COVID-19 infection. Therefore, the present review aimed to summarize the available evidence regarding the association between Vitamin D levels and the risk of COVID-19 infection.Methods: A systematic literature search of databases (PUBMED/MEDLINE, Cochrane/Wiley library, Scopus, and SciELO) were conducted from May 15, 2020, to December 20, 2020. Studies that assessed the effect of vitamin D level on COVID-19/SARS-2 infection were considered for the review. The qualities of the included studies were evaluated using the JBI tools. Meta-analysis with a random-effects model was conducted and odds ratio with their 95%CI were reported. This systematic review and meta-analysis are reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline.Results: The electronic and supplementary searches for this review yielded 318 records from which, only 14 of them met the inclusion criteria. The qualitative synthesis indicated that vitamin D deficient individuals were at higher risk of COVID-19 infection as compared to vitamin D sufficient patients. The pooled analysis showed that individuals with Vitamin-D deficiency were 80% more likely to acquire COVID-19 infection as compared to those who have sufficient Vitamin D levels (OR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.72, 1.88). Begg's test also revealed that there was no significant publication bias between the studies (P = 0.764). The subgroup analysis revealed that the risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection was relatively higher in the case-control study design (OR = 1.81).Conclusions: In conclusion, low serum 25 (OH) Vitamin-D level was significantly associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. The limited currently available data suggest that sufficient Vitamin D level in serum is associated with a significantly decreased risk of COVID-19 infection.

Download Full-text

Vitamin D Serum Level in Patients with Schizophrenia in West Java, Indonesia

Althea Medical Journal ◽

10.15850/amj.v7n3.1897 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 122-127

Author(s):

Nofan Pratama Maulana ◽

Tuti Kurnianingsih ◽

Sumartini Dewi

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Level ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Mental Hospital ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

West Java ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Schizophrenic Patients

Background: Vitamin D is an immune-regulator that influences the neuro-inflammation process in schizophrenia. The study aimed to explore the vitamin D serum level in schizophrenic patients at the outpatient clinic of the Provincial Mental Hospital, West Java, Indonesia. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted in November-December 2019 using secondary data of all-male schizophrenic patients at the Provincial Mental Hospital. Data collected were demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and vitamin D Level. Scoring was then performed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess the positive and negative symptoms as well as the cognitive symptoms based on the serum vitamin D levels. Result: All male schizophrenic patients had a low serum vitamin D level (mean16.67±5.6ng/ml) with 64.52% of them had vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml). Interestingly, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a negative symptom (mean22.1±5.6ng/ml) whereas those with vitamin D insufficiency (20-29 ng/ml) had a positive symptom (mean 18.55±5.6ng/ml). Furthermore, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a lower impaired cognitive function value (mean 19.7±3.4ng/ml) compared to those with vitamin D insufficiency. Conclusions: A low vitamin D serum level in schizophrenic patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.

Download Full-text

Effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15730.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Agnes M. Mutua ◽

Reagan M. Mogire ◽

Alison M. Elliott ◽

Thomas N. Williams ◽

Emily L. Webb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Brain Development ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Motor Development ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Cochrane Library

Introduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in brain development in experimental studies; however, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on child development remains inadequately characterized. We aimed to estimate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children up to 18 years of age. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Open Grey for published studies up to 10th January 2020. We included all studies that assessed the effects of maternal or child vitamin D status or vitamin D supplementation on neurobehavioural outcomes in children. Study findings were synthesized qualitatively as the high level of heterogeneity in study populations and methodologies precluded a quantitative meta-analysis. Results: Our search identified 5,633 studies, of which 31 studies with 31,375 participants from 18 countries were included in the systematic review. Of the studies identified, one was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of vitamin D supplementation in children, while 30 were observational. The RCT (n=55) reported a beneficial effect of supplementation with lower doses compared to higher doses of vitamin D on motor development. Twelve mother-child studies (n=17,136) and five studies in children (n=1,091) reported an association between low maternal or child 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and impaired neurobehavioural outcomes in children, while 15 mother-child studies (n=20,778) and eight studies in children (n=7,496) reported no association. Conclusions: Although animal studies point to an effect of vitamin D deficiency on brain development, there are few studies on the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children and their findings are inconsistent. There is a need for well-conducted, adequately powered studies to further determine these effects in children. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42018087619; registered on 15 February 2018.

Download Full-text

The relationship between preoperative serum vitamin D deficiency and postoperative atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.34172/jcvtr.2021.25 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 102-108

Author(s):

Mehran Rahimi ◽

Mohammadreza Taban-Sadeghi ◽

Leila Nikniaz ◽

Fariba Pashazadeh

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

The Relationship

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in the first days following cardiac surgeries. Recently, there is a growing discussion regarding the link between vitamin D deficiency and POAF development. This systematic review and meta-analysis of the observational studies aimed at evaluating the association between preoperative vitamin D deficiency and Postoperative atrial fibrillation. In this study, using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Libraries, we searched for records published before July 2020. Two reviewers screened for studies that examined the relationship between preoperative vitamin D levels and the generation of POAF. Data regarding study design, patient characteristics, definition of atrial fibrillation (AF) , type of surgery, vitamin D levels, and measurement methods were extracted. Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our primary analysis showed a significant relationship between preoperative levels of vitamin D and POAF development (mean differences (MD) = -2.851, 95% confidence interval (CI) =-5.506 to -0.195; P value 0.035). Our meta-analysis suggested serum vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of POAF development. Further large scale interventional studies are needed to explore whether vitamin D supplementation will prevent POAF.

Download Full-text

Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for recurrent aphthous stomatitis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Oral Diseases ◽

10.1111/odi.13189 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1116-1123 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sadeq Ali Al‐Maweri ◽

Esam Halboub ◽

Ghadah Al‐Sufyani ◽

Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi ◽

Anas Shamala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽

Aphthous Stomatitis

Download Full-text

Pre-operative vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.73.aep652 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Konstantina Vaitsi ◽

Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽

Stavroula Veneti ◽

Theodosios S. Papavramidis ◽

Dimitrios Goulis

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis

Download Full-text

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between vitamin D deficiency and gestational diabetes mellitus

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v5i3.422 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 2078-2095

Author(s):

Shahin Nargesi ◽

Ayub Ghorbani ◽

Ehsan Shirzadpour ◽

Mahmoud Mohamadpour ◽

Seyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pubmed Database

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency has become quite prevalent and is known to cause a great many diseases. Numerous studies have investigated the association between vitamin D deficiency and gestational diabetes, and the results are somewhat contradictory. The present study deals with the relationship between the vitamin D deficiency and gestational diabetes. Methods: Two researchers made use of MeSH, Scopus, PubMed database, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar search engines to identify qualified studies and articles carried out and published before August 2017 and reported the risk of gestational diabetes developing as a result of vitamin D deficiency. The association between the two conditions was measured using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Funnel plots, Egger’s, and Begg’s tests were also used to assess publication bias. All analysis was done by STATA (version 11.2). Results: Twenty-nine eligible studies with a total of 14,497 participants were included in the final analysis. Overall, maternal vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with a greater risk of gestational diabetes (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.00-1.30; p<0.001). Serum 25OHD was significantly lower in participants with gestational diabetes mellitus than in those with natural glucose tolerance (−29.7 nmol/L, 95% CI, −36.6 to −22.8; p=0.000). Conclusion: According to the current meta-analysis results, vitamin D deficiency is correlated with the risk of gestational diabetes development.

Download Full-text