scholarly journals Associations between social and intellectual activities with cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a nationally representative cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Li ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Anxin Wang ◽  
Yanling Qi ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Visuospatial Skills ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Intellectual Activities ◽  
Representative Cohort

Abstract Background: Associations between the frequency of social and intellectual activities and cognitive trajectories are understudied in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. We aimed to examine this association in a nationally representative longitudinal study.Methods: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is a nationally representative sample of Chinese middle-aged and older participants. The frequency of social and intellectual activities was measured at baseline. Interview-based cognitive assessments of orientation and attention, episodic memory, and visuospatial skills and the calculation of combined global scores were assessed every 2 year from 2011 to 2016. Cognitive trajectories over the study period were analyzed using group-based trajectory model, and the associations of the trajectory memberships with social and intellectual activities were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.Results: Among 8204 participants aged 50-75 years, trajectory analysis identified three longitudinal patterns of cognitive function based on the global cognitive scores: “persistently low trajectory” (n = 1550, 18.9%); “persistently moderate trajectory” (n = 3194, 38.9%); and “persistently high trajectory” (n = 3460, 42.2%). After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, lifestyles, geriatric symptoms and health conditions, more frequent intellectual activities (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38-0.77) and social activities (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.95) were both associated with a lower likelihood of being in the “persistently low trajectory” for global cognitive function.Conclusions: These findings suggested that more frequent social and intellectual activities were associated with more favorable cognitive aging trajectories.

scholarly journals Associations between social and intellectual activities with cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a nationally representative cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Li ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Anxin Wang ◽  
Yanling Qi ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Visuospatial Skills ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Intellectual Activities ◽  
Representative Cohort

Abstract Background: Associations between the frequency of social and intellectual activities and cognitive trajectories are understudied in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. We aimed to examine this association in a nationally representative longitudinal study. Methods: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is a nationally representative sample of Chinese middle-aged and older participants. The frequency of social and intellectual activities was measured at baseline. Interview-based cognitive assessments of orientation and attention, episodic memory, and visuospatial skills and the calculation of combined global scores were assessed every 2 year. Cognitive trajectories over the study period were analyzed using group-based trajectory model , and the associations of the trajectory memberships with social and intellectual activities were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results: Among 8204 participants aged 50-75 years, trajectory analysis identified three longitudinal patterns of cognitive function based on the global cognitive scores: “ persistently low ” (n = 1550, 18.9%); “persistently moderate” (n = 3194, 38.9%); and “persistently high” (n = 3460, 42.2%). After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, lifestyles, geriatric symptoms and health conditions, more frequent intellectual activities (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38-0.77) and social activities (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.95) were both associated with a lower likelihood of being in the “persistently low” global cognitive trajectory group. Conclusions: More frequent social and intellectual activities were associated with more favorable cognitive aging trajectories.

scholarly journals Associations between social and intellectual activities with cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a nationally representative cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Li ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Anxin Wang ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Chengbei Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Visuospatial Skills ◽  
Trajectory Group ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Intellectual Activities

Abstract Background Associations between the frequency of social and intellectual activities and cognitive trajectories are understudied in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. We aimed to examine this association in a nationally representative longitudinal study.Methods The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is a prospective cohort study conducted from 2011 to 2016, with a nationally representative sample of Chinese middle-aged and older participants. The frequency of social and intellectual activities was measured in 2011-2012. Interview-based cognitive assessments of orientation and attention, episodic memory, and visuospatial skills and the calculation of combined global scores were conducted in three waves (2011-2012, 2013-2014 and 2015-2016). Cognitive trajectories over the study period were analyzed using group-based trajectory models (GBTMs), and the associations of the trajectory memberships with social and intellectual activities were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.Results After excluding respondents with missing data on cognitive function, we ultimately included 7243 participants aged 50 years or older in the analysis. Three trajectory groups for global cognitive performance over time were identified: low (20.34%), intermediate (34.39%) and high (45.27%). After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, lifestyles and health conditions, more frequent intellectual activities (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.32 - 0.58) and social activities (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.56 - 0.78) were both associated with a lower likelihood of being in the low global cognitive trajectory group than in the high trajectory group in separate analyses. These associations persisted after mutually exclusive adjustment for social and intellectual activities.Conclusions More frequent social and intellectual activities were associated with more favorable cognitive aging trajectories. Increasing the frequency of engagement in social and intellectual activities might help delay or prevent cognitive impairment in older people.

scholarly journals Associations between social and intellectual activities with cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a nationally representative cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Li ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Anxin Wang ◽  
Yanling Qi ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Visuospatial Skills ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Intellectual Activities

Abstract Background Associations between the frequency of social and intellectual activities and cognitive trajectories are understudied in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. We aimed to examine this association in a nationally representative longitudinal study. Methods The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is a nationally representative sample of Chinese middle-aged and older participants. The frequency of social and intellectual activities was measured at baseline. Interview-based cognitive assessments of orientation and attention, episodic memory, and visuospatial skills and the calculation of combined global scores were assessed every 2 years from 2011 to 2016. Cognitive aging trajectories over time were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling, and the associations of the trajectory memberships with social and intellectual activities were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results Among 8204 participants aged 50–75 years at baseline, trajectory analysis identified three longitudinal patterns of cognitive function based on the global cognitive scores: “persistently low trajectory” (n = 1550, 18.9%), “persistently moderate trajectory” (n = 3194, 38.9%), and “persistently high trajectory” (n = 3460, 42.2%). After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, lifestyles, geriatric symptoms, and health conditions, more frequent intellectual activities (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.38–0.77) and social activities (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65–0.95) were both associated with a lower likelihood of being in the “persistently low trajectory” for global cognitive function. Conclusions These findings suggested that more frequent social and intellectual activities were associated with more favorable cognitive aging trajectories.

scholarly journals The Association Between Recent Family Death and Self-Perceptions of Aging Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 450-450
Author(s):  
Shu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Parental Death ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Family Loss

Abstract The loss of a family member may have a significant influence on one’s aging experience in life. Self-perceptions of aging, which are an individual’s beliefs or evaluation of their experiences of aging, have been described as an important factor for one’s health and daily life. However, there is little research on the association between family death and self-perceptions of aging. This study examines the relationships between recent family death, self-perceptions of aging, and gender of the bereaved among middle-aged and older adults. Using nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we conducted cross-sectional analysis on adults age 50 years and older (n=1,839). Self-perceptions of aging were accessed by 8 items derived from the Attitudes Toward Own Aging subscale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and the Berlin Aging Study, and we considered recent family death (i.e., parental death, spousal death, sibling death and child death), as well as gender of the bereaved. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that respondents who experienced recent family death report less positive self-perceptions of aging compared to those who did not experience recent family death (t = 12.40, p < .01). Recent parental death was more negatively related with self-perceptions of aging for bereaved women than for bereaved men (χ2 = 4.28, p < .05). Findings suggest that middle-aged and older adults experiencing recent family loss have less positive self-perceptions of aging, and gender of the bereaved plays an important role in the relationship between parental death and self-perceptions of aging.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic disparities in six-year incident dementia in a nationally representative cohort of U.S. older adults: an examination of financial resources

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Samuel ◽  
Sarah L. Szanton ◽  
Jennifer L. Wolff ◽  
Katherine A. Ornstein ◽  
Lauren J. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Representative Cohort

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Ethnicity and Education on Burden of Depressive Symptoms over 24 Years in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Hispanic White

Ethnicity and educational attainment are among the major social determinants of depression in the general population. While high education credentials protect individuals against depressive symptoms, this protection may be weaker for ethnic minority groups such as Hispanic Whites compared to the majority group (non-Hispanic Whites). Built on marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs), the current study used 24-year follow-up data from a nationally representative sample of middle-aged and older adults to explore ethnic variation in the protective effect of education levels against the burden of depressive symptoms over time. Data for this analysis were borrowed from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS 1992–ongoing), a nationally representative longitudinal study. HRS followed 8314 middle-aged and older adults (50+ years old) for up to 24 years. From this number, 763 (9.2%) were Hispanic White, and 7551 (90.8%) were non-Hispanic White Americans. Education level was the independent variable. We had two outcomes. Firstly, using cluster analysis, individuals were categorized to low- and high-risk groups (regarding the burden of depressive symptoms over 24 years); secondly, average depressive symptoms were observed over the 24 years of follow up. Age and gender were the covariates. Ethnicity was the moderator. Linear and logistic regression were used for analysis. Logistic regression showed that, overall, high educational credentials reduced the odds of chronic depressive symptoms over the 24 years of follow-up. Linear regression also showed that higher years of education were associated with lower average depressive symptoms over time. Both models showed statistically significant interactions between ethnicity and graduation, indicating a smaller protective effect of high education against depressive symptoms over the 24 years of follow-up time among Hispanic with respect to non-Hispanic White people. In line with the MDRs, highly educated Hispanic White Americans remain at high risk for depressive symptoms, a risk that is unexpected given their education. The burden of depressive symptoms, however, is lowest for highly educated non-Hispanic White Americans. Policies that exclusively focus on equalizing educational gaps across ethnic groups may fail to eliminate the ethnic gap in the burden of chronic depressive symptoms, given the diminished marginal health return of education for ethnic minorities. Public policies must equalize not only education but also educational quality across ethnic groups. This aim would require addressing structural and environmental barriers that are disproportionately more common in the lives of ethnic minorities across education levels. Future research should test how contextual factors, residential segregation, school segregation, labor market practices, childhood poverty, and education quality in urban schools reduce the health return of educational attainment for highly educated ethnic minorities such as Hispanics.

scholarly journals Positive Effects of Openness on Cognitive Aging in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A 13-Year Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Nishita ◽  
Chikako Tange ◽  
Makiko Tomida ◽  
Rei Otsuka ◽  
Fujiko Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Picture Completion

The relationship between openness (a psychological trait of curiosity) and a cognitive change was examined in middle-aged and older adults. Participants were 2214 men and women (baseline age range: 40 to 81 years). They were tested up to seven times over approximately 13 years. Openness at the baseline was assessed by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Cognitive abilities were assessed at each examination using the Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised short form, which includes information, similarities, picture completion, and digit symbol subscales. General linear mixed models comprised fixed effects of openness, age at the baseline, follow-up time, their interactions, and the covariates. The results indicated that the main effects of openness were significant for all scores. Moreover, the interaction term openness × age × time was significant for the information and similarities test scores, indicating that changes in the information and similarities scores differed depending on the level of openness and baseline age. The estimated trajectory indicated that the differences in slopes between participants with high and low openness were significant after 60 years of age for the information, and after 65 years of age for the similarities scores. It is concluded that openness has a protective effect on the decline in general knowledge and logical abstract thinking in old age.

scholarly journals USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY TO ELUCIDATE PSYCHOSOCIAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S809-S810
Author(s):  
Nelson A Roque ◽  
Jinshil Hyun ◽  
Stacey B Scott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Longitudinal Data Collection ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Physical Touch ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Ambulatory methods (AM) improve the reliability and ecological validity of cognitive assessments, and help to elucidate psychological influences through concurrent reports of pain, stress, and other psychosocial outcomes. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) involves sampling of daily experiences in natural settings, including completing cognitive assessments, and answering questions related to, for example, social interactions and sleep. The purpose of this symposium is to present innovative methods and results, exploring questions at the intersection of intensive longitudinal data collection, cognition, and psychosocial influences, using data from two EMA studies, the Einstein Aging Study (EAS) and the Effects of Stress on Cognitive Aging, Physiology, and Emotion (ESCAPE) Study. The EAS (ages >= 70) and ESCAPE (ages 25 - 65) protocols, ask participants to complete an annual 14-day EMA measurement burst. A unique value of these methods is the ability to explore effects from moment-to-moment (or day-to-day; within-person effects) as we will present. We will also contrast these with conventional analyses of between-person differences, typical of clinic and in-person studies. Dickens (using ESCAPE data) examines end-of-day perceived stress and anticipation of next-day stress in predicting sleep quality. Hyun and colleagues (using EAS data) discuss the effects of affectionate physical touch on mitigating pain and emotional distress. Using a model-based cluster analysis approach (with EAS data), Roque unpacks differences in psychosocial factors, as a function of cognitive status risk groups. Stacey Scott will discuss these papers in the context of using ambulatory methods to improve the characterization of risk status in older adults.

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