scholarly journals Low district economic performance presents strong oral health determinant in preschool children: country level analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Vukovic ◽  
Ivan Soldatovic ◽  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Tamara Peric ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Health Determinant ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Analysis

Abstract The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square

scholarly journals Low district economic performance presents strong oral health determinant in preschool children: country level analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Vukovic ◽  
Ivan Soldatovic ◽  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Tamara Peric ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
World Health ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Untreated Caries ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background: Having in mind that macro level factors such as social, political and economic determinants strongly impact occurrence of chronic NCDs, it might be beneficial to enlarge scarce level of data on the influence of these factors on children’s oral health. The aim of the present study was to test association between macro level factors and oral health in a nationally representative sample of preschoolers involving all preschooler’s age groups from the beginning to compulsory Preschool Preparatory Program. Method: Oral health data derived from cross sectional study involving nationally representative sample of preschool children. Dependent, oral health variables included prevalence of primary teeth caries, untreated caries, and caries on permanent first molars. Data on macro level factors included regional information on economic, population, and healthcare factors: population density, density of physicians and dentists, district share in national gross domestic product (GDP), social and health care expenditures, local self-government budget, employment rate in public, private and agricultural sector. In order to have nationally representative sample we used stratified cluster sampling method proposed by World Health Organization. Results: Final sample included 1665 preschoolers aged 36 to 91 months. Observed prevalence of ECC was 57.8%. Of these, 90.4% had untreated caries. Furthermore, 11.1% of examined preschoolers already had lesions on permanent first molar. All ECC related oral health outcomes were statistically significantly associated with regional social economic indicators – poor oral health was more frequently observed in regions and districts with lower economic performance. Conclusions: The results of this study displayed first nationally representative data on prevalence of primary teeth caries in preschool children. Noteworthy findings confirmed highly statistically significant association of economic macro level factors with prevalence of primary teeth caries, untreated caries, and caries on permanent first molars. Upstream preventive interventions especially targeted at population living in districts with lower economic indicators might seem as most appropriate strategy.

The Oral Health Status of American Indian/Alaska Native Preschool Children: A Crisis in Indian Country

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace M. Jones ◽  
Kathy Phipps ◽  
Nancy Reifel ◽  
Betty Skipper ◽  
Patrick Blahut
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Indian Country

Perception on the quality of life related to oral health in preschool children

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Del-Sarto Azevedo MAIA ◽  
Matheus Melo PITHON ◽  
Harvey Keitel Joviniano SILVA ◽  
Raildo Da Silva COQUEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health

Central and Eastern European states in global production linkages: country-level and sector-level analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Western European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Level Analysis

The paper evaluates Central and Eastern European countries’ (CEEs) location in global vertical specialization (global value chains, GVCs). To locate each country in global value chains (upstream or downstream segment/market) and to compare them with the selected countries, a very selective methodology was adopted. We concluded that (a) CEE countries differ in the levels of their participation in production linkages. Countries that have stronger links with Western European countries, especially with Germany, are more integrated; (b) a large share of the CEE countries’ gross exports passes through Western European GVCs; (c) most exporters in Central and Eastern Europe are positioned in the downstream segments of production rather than in the upstream markets. JEL classification: F14, F15.

scholarly journals Association between socioeconomic status and dental caries among Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional national study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e042908
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Jialan Hong ◽  
Xueting Yu ◽  
Qiulin Liu ◽  
Andi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Index Of Inequality

ObjectivesSocioeconomic inequalities in oral health are often neglected in oral health promotion. This cross-sectional study assessed the association between dental caries and socioeconomic status (SES) among preschool children in China.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingData from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015), comprising of 40 360 children aged 3–5 years was used.MethodsDental caries indicators including prevalence of dental caries, dental pain experience and number of decayed, missing and filling teeth (dmft). SES indicators included parental education and household income. The associations between SES and dental caries were analysed by using negative binomial regression or Poisson regression models according to data distribution. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were quantified by using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and Slope Index of Inequality (SII), respectively.ResultsThere were significant associations between SES and prevalence of dental caries and dmft (p<0.001). Children from lower educated (RII 1.36, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.43; SII 0.97, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.13) and lower household income (RII 1.17, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.24; SII 0.55, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.75) families had higher dmft than those from well-educated and most affluent families. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were larger in urban areas by household income, and in rural areas by parental education.ConclusionsAssociation between dental caries and SES was demonstrated and socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries existed among Chinese preschool children.

scholarly journals The impact of coronavirus lockdown on oral healthcare and its associated issues of pre-schoolers in China: an online cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Chenzheng Zhang ◽  
Baojun Tai ◽  
Han Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children’S Oral Health

Abstract Background The sudden outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic influenced people’s daily life. During lockdown of Wuhan city, the oral health and its associated issues of preschool children were investigated and guidance for dental clinics when the epidemic were controlled in the future were also provided. Methods A national online survey was conducted among preschool children and completed by their caregivers. The questionnaire related to children’s oral health status and care behaviour, caregivers' attitudes. The information was statistically analyzed between Wuhan residents and others residents. Results 4495 valid questionnaires were collected. In oral health status, during Wuhan lockdown, 60.8%, 35.5% and 18.3% children had self-reported dental caries, toothache and halitosis respectively. In oral health attitudes, respondents who would increase attention to oral health was more than that would decrease. In oral hygiene behaviour, compared to non-Wuhan children, the children in Wuhan became more active in brushing their teeth. In utilization of dental services in the future, less Wuhan residents would choose to have dental visit directly, 28.5% Wuhan residents and 34.7% non-Wuhan residents agreed all of procedures could be done if proper protected. Conclusions Oral health status and associated issues of preschool children in Wuhan were significantly different from that of others during lockdown of Wuhan city and in the future. Effective measures should be taken as early as possible to protect children's oral health.

scholarly journals Pre-schoolers’ tooth brushing behaviour and association with their oral health: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqra Muhammad Khan ◽  
Shani Ann Mani ◽  
Jennifer Geraldine Doss ◽  
Mahmoud Danaee ◽  
Lydia Yi Li Kong
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Supervision ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plaque Score

Abstract Background Toothbrushing is an important yet neglected behaviour that affects the oral health of preschool children. Little is reported on parental supervision, an essential aspect of routine effective toothbrushing in this age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate pre-schoolers’ toothbrushing behaviour including parental involvement and its association with their oral health. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 92 preschool children (4–6 years) were invited to participate with their parents/guardians. Nine parameters of toothbrushing behaviour were assessed from parental responses (questionnaire) and observation of child and parents/guardians (video recording). Oral examination included recording plaque, gingival and dental caries indices. BORIS software was used to assess toothbrushing parameters and Smart PLS was used to perform association with a second-generation multivariate analysis to create models with and without confounding factors. Results Girls were slightly more (53%) than boys (47%). Children aged 4 years were slightly more in number (38%), followed by 6-year-olds and 5-year-olds. Nearly, 90% parents had tertiary education and 46% had more than 2 children. Differences were recorded in the reported and observed behaviour. Thirty-five percent parents/guardians reported using pea-size toothpaste amount but only 28% were observed. Forty percent reported to brush for 30 s–1 min, however 51% were observed to brush for 1–2 min. Half the children were observed to use fluoridated toothpaste (F < 1000 ppm) under parental supervision (11%). The mean (SD) plaque score reduction after toothbrushing was 10.80 (2.46), mean pre-brushing plaque score was 90.3 (10.2), mean gingival index was 0.89 (0.65) and mean dental caries status (ICDAS(1–6)) was 18.87 (12.39). Toothbrushing behaviour in terms of toothbrushing technique, duration, pattern and frequency, toothbrush type and grip type, toothpaste type and amount, post-brushing mouth rinsing and parental involvement contributed significantly to plaque score change (86%), dental caries status (73%), gingival index (66%) and pre-brushing plaque score (31%). The significant confounding variables had a small influence on oral health of preschool children. Conclusions Preschool children’s toothbrushing behaviour was inadequate while their oral health was poor, with a significant association between the two parameters.

scholarly journals Worldwide distribution, associated factors, and trends of gallbladder cancer: A global country-level analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Junjie Huang ◽  
Harsh K. Patel ◽  
Daniel Boakye ◽  
Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandrasekar ◽  
Anastasios Koulaouzidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallbladder Cancer ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Level Analysis

Impact of oral mucosal conditions on oral health-related quality of life in preschool children: a hierarchical approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Gonçalves Vieira-Andrade ◽  
Paulo Antônio Martins-Júnior ◽  
Patrícia Corrêa-Faria ◽  
Leandro Silva Marques ◽  
Saul Martins Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Hierarchical Approach ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Preventing Occlusal Caries in Primary Teeth of Preschool Children: a Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangporn Duangthip ◽  
SHUYANG HE ◽  
Sherry Shiqian Gao ◽  
Chun Hung Chu ◽  
Edward Chin Man Lo
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces

BACKGROUND Tooth decay is a significant public health problem globally. The caries-arrest effectiveness of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been well documented. However, information on the caries preventive effect of SDF on primary teeth is insufficient. OBJECTIVE The aim of this trial is to investigate the effectiveness of semi-annual application of 38% SDF and that of 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish when compared to placebo control in preventing occlusal caries in primary molars of preschool children over 30 months. METHODS This three-arm, parallel design, double-blind, randomised controlled trial involves 791 preschool children. Children are randomly allocated to receive one of the three interventions as follows; Group 1) 38% SDF, Group 2) 5% NaF varnish, and Group 3) placebo control with tonic water. The intervention and dental examination will be carried out every 6 months. A parent-administered questionnaire including the children’s demographic background and oral health-related behaviours has been collected at baseline. Follow-up examinations to detect new caries development will be conducted every 6 months by a masked examiner. Caries development will be diagnosed at the cavitation level. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses will be adopted. A two-level logistic regression analysis will be performed to investigate the effects of the study interventions and other potential confounding factors on the development of occlusal caries. RESULTS Result: To date, a total of 791 children are participating in the study. CONCLUSIONS If SDF application is more effective than NaF varnish in preventing caries on occlusal surfaces of primary teeth, it can be a preferred choice for caries prevention in a kindergarten-based program. Results of this trial will provide valuable clinical evidence for the development of oral health strategies and policy on promotion of child oral health CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05084001

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