scholarly journals Incidence of injuries and illness and related risk factors in mountain biking events: A systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Buchholtz ◽  
Mike Lambert ◽  
Theresa Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mountain Biking ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Cycling is a popular sport and method of transportation globally but is a significant contributor to sports injury admissions in hospital emergency units. Mountain biking events present additional challenges with remote venues, and isolated courses. Most mountain biking events will provide on-site medical care for both injury and illness occurring during races. These data are essential to understand the true incidence of injury and illness in mountain biking events as national health data may not represent these unique events specifically. Methods This review will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Search engines PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost), PEDro and the Cochrane Library will be systematically searched. Gray literature searches of Google Scholar and manual searching of reference lists and congress abstracts from cycling specific congresses will be conducted. Journal articles documenting illness and injury in adults participating in mountain bike cross-country marathon events will be included. A narrative analysis of the types, severity and area of injuries; and illness type and severity will be performed. A quantitative analysis may be performed should there be sufficient studies reported in the same format. Discussion This protocol outlines a systematic review on injury and illness in mountain biking events. Data from hospital records may not adequately represent the burden of injury and illness at events held in remote venues, especially if those treated on site do not require further hospital based treatment. This review will assist with the development of further research in this area, and in preparation of clinicians working in these types of events. Systematic review registration: This protocol has been registered with PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (No: CRD42019134586).

scholarly journals Incidence of injuries and illness and related risk factors in mountain biking events: A systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Buchholtz ◽  
Mike Lambert ◽  
Theresa Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mountain Biking ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Cycling is a popular sport and method of transportation globally but is a significant contributor to sports injury admissions in hospital emergency units. Mountain biking events present additional challenges with remote venues, and isolated courses. Most mountain biking events will provide on-site medical care for both injury and illness occurring during races. These data are essential to understand the true incidence of injury and illness in mountain biking events as national health data may not represent these events specifically. Methods This review will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Search engines PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PEDro and the Cochrane Library will be systematically searched. Gray literature searches of Google Scholar and manual searching of reference lists and congress abstracts from cycling specific congresses will be conducted. Journal articles documenting illness and injury in adults participating in mountain bike cross-country marathon events will be included. A narrative analysis of the types, severity and area of injuries; and illness type and severity will be performed. A quantitative analysis will be performed should there be sufficient studies reported in the same format. Discussion This protocol outlines a systematic review on injury and illness in mountain biking events. Data from hospital records may not adequately represent the burden of injury and illness at events held in remote venues, especially if those treated on site do not require further hospital based treatment. This review will assist with the development of further research in this area, and in preparation of clinicians working in these types of events. Systematic review registration: This protocol has been registered with PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (No: CRD42019134584).

scholarly journals Adherence to Single-Pill Versus Free-Equivalent Combination Therapy in Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Parati ◽  
Sverre Kjeldsen ◽  
Antonio Coca ◽  
William C. Cushman ◽  
Jiguang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Single Pill ◽  
Discontinue Therapy ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Poor adherence to antihypertensive therapy is a major cause of poor blood pressure (BP) control in patients with hypertension. Regimen simplification may improve adherence and BP control. This systematic review assessed whether single-pill combination (SPC) therapy led to improved adherence, persistence, and better BP control compared with free-equivalent combination (FEC) therapy in patients with hypertension. PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched until July 2020, in addition to manual searching of relevant congress abstracts from 2014 to 2020 for studies including adults with hypertension aged ≥18 years receiving SPC or FEC antihypertensive therapy measuring any of the following: adherence, persistence, and reductions in systolic BP and/or diastolic BP. Adherence and persistence were summarized in a narrative analysis; direct pair-wise meta-analysis was conducted to compare BP reductions with SPC therapy versus FEC therapy using fixed-effect and random-effects models. Following screening, 44 studies were included. The majority (18 of 23) of studies measuring adherence showed adherence was significantly improved in patients receiving SPCs versus FECs. Overall, 16 studies measured persistence, of which 14 showed that patients receiving SPCs had significantly improved persistence or were significantly less likely to discontinue therapy than patients receiving FECs. Systolic BP (mean difference, −3.99 [95% CI, −7.92 to −0.07]; P =0.05) and diastolic BP (−1.54 [95% CI, −2.67 to −0.41]; P =0.0076) were both significantly reduced with SPC therapy compared with FEC therapy at week 12. SPC therapy leads to improved adherence and persistence compared with FEC therapy and may lead to better BP control in patients with hypertension.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Acupuncture and Related Techniques on Delirium: Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulan Tan ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yiping Bai ◽  
Shuting Yang ◽  
Liming Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background: Delirium, contributing to subsequent increased morbidity and mortality, is common in hospitalized patients, especially in patients undergoing major surgery. Published systematic reviews suggest that certain medications for delirium management may decrease pain scores and analgesic requirements, at the expense of troublesome side effects. People are urgently seeking non-medication strategies for delirium. Acupuncture and related techniques (ART) are increasingly used to provide medical care and have potential to prevent delirium, however, the efficacy of ART on delirium remains controversial.Methods: In accordance with the PRISMA-P guidelines, we will search PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)), Web of Science, Medline and the Cochrane Library for clinical trials on ART use in people, without language restrictions. The incidence of delirium will be defined our primary outcome. Additional outcomes will be the incidence of adverse events, pain score, consumption of analgesics, number of cumulative delirious days, hemodynamics, length of hospital stay. Two researchers independently complete further review work and data abstraction based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Any discrepancy will be solved by negotiation or a third investigators. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to assess the methodological quality of all the studies that are finally included. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed by forest plots, confidence intervals (CI) and I² statistic. If feasible, a meta-analysis of included results will be performed.Conclusions: This protocol will be favorable to bridge the gap between non-medication strategies and clinical diseases, and potential to help future guideline development in management of preventing delirium.Systematic review registration: The protocol was prospectively registered on the homepage of the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Perioperative Hemodynamic Instability in Pheochromocytoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4531
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Urabe ◽  
Shoji Kimura ◽  
Kosuke Iwatani ◽  
Kazuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Kagenori Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors of perioperative hemodynamic instability in pheochromocytoma, we conducted a systematic search of the literature using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis. Methods: In April 2021, we systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane library, and Scopus for relevant studies on the risk factors of perioperative hemodynamic instability of adrenalectomy in patients with pheochromocytoma, and we subjected the findings from those studies to formal meta-analysis. Results: Our systematic review identified 14 studies involving 1725 patients, of which nine studies with 967 patients were eligible for meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed that tumor size (odds ratio (OR): 1.14 for each increased cm, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.26, z = 2.57) and urinary norepinephrine (OR, 1.51: 95% CI 1.26–1.81; z = 4.50) were most closely associated with the occurrence of perioperative hemodynamic instability. Conclusion: These findings suggest that tumor size and urinary norepinephrine are important predictors and risk factors for perioperative hemodynamic instability in adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Such findings may be of value to surgeons and anesthesiologists when considering or preparing for this procedure.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

scholarly journals Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5171
Author(s):  
Yusuke Handa ◽  
Kenya Okada ◽  
Hiroshi Takasaki
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grade System ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Head Extension ◽  
The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

447 What Age is Best to Perform Myringoplasty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wilks ◽  
R Mcleod ◽  
V Unadkat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Transitional Point ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Aim This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess this relationship and determine the most appropriate age for recommendation of surgery. Method According to the “Preferred Reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis” (PRISMA) statement, a literature search was performed across Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane library from 1946-2018. Articles examining a relationship between age and myringoplasty or type 1 tympanoplasty success rates were screened. Results 20 articles encompassing data from 2244 procedures were included. The overall results conveyed a clear correlation between increasing age and rising success rate. A t-test was conducted which demonstrated a significant (P = 0.05) transition at aged 10, whereby success rate below age 10 was 70.6% and above 10 was 86%. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis has uncovered a clear correlation between increasing age and increasing success rate for myringoplasty in the paediatric population. Furthermore, a significant transitional point has been demonstrated at the age of 10 and We hope that knowledge of increased success rates particularly after the age of 10 helps clinicians make more informed decisions about when to operate

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Herb Combined with Surgery versus Surgery for Varicocele Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-liang Dun ◽  
Min Yao ◽  
Long Yang ◽  
Xue-jun Cui ◽  
Jian-min Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Traditional Chinese Herb ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery for male varicocele infertility compared to surgery.Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) data of traditional Chinese herbs combined with surgery for male varicocele fertility versus surgery were collected by searching the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Chinese databases. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Handbook. Study outcomes were presented as risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous data.Results. Seventeen of 72 potentially relevant trials met the inclusion criteria. The methodological qualities of the RCTs were low. Compared with the surgery group, the traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery group had superiority in pregnancy rate at 3-month (RR=1.76, andP=0.008), 6-month (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005), and 2-year (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005) follow-ups. No RCT was found to describe the side effects.Conclusion. On considering the low methodological quality of RCTs, there was no enough evidence on traditional Chinese herb with surgery for male varicocele infertility, and more high-quality RCTs of large sample sizes are required.

Intelligence Quotient Outcome Following Epilepsy Surgery in Pediatric Age – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alferes AR ◽  
◽  
Oliveiros B ◽  
Pereira C ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pediatric Epilepsy ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Intelligence Development

There is a deep-rooted correlation between refractory epilepsy in pediatric age and intelligence development. However, little is known about whether surgical procedures used in pediatric epilepsy treatment can affect Intelligence Quotient (IQ) or not. Factors that might influence postoperative IQ are also a matter of study in several articles. To tackle these issues, a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted with the terms “epilepsy”, “epileptic”, “surgery”, “surgical”, “Wechsler Scale” and “intelligence tests” in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Clinical Trials.gov. A descriptive data synthesis was carried out to address each of the objectives and then a metaanalysis using a random effects model was conducted. A meta-regression was performed to ascertain possible factors that could influence postoperative IQ. The meta-analysis of the studies included found a mean difference between postoperative and preoperative full-scale IQ values of 1.014 standardized points (p < 0.001). Among all the articles regarding curative surgeries, only three reported an overall significant improvement in IQ after surgery. Regarding palliative procedures, both studies with anterior corpus callosotomy reported a significant improvement in full-scale IQ values two years after surgery. The meta-regression performed did not find any predictors of change in full-scale IQ.

Recurrence Rate of Sporadic Pheochromocytomas After Curative Adrenalectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Holscher ◽  
Tijs J van den Berg ◽  
Koen M A Dreijerink ◽  
Anton F Engelsman ◽  
Els J M Nieveen van Dijkum
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Endocrine Society ◽  
Time To Recurrence ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Evidence on follow-up duration for patients with sporadic pheochromocytomas is absent, and current guidelines of the European Society of Endocrinology, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and Endocrine Surgeons, and the Endocrine Society are ambiguous about the appropriate duration of follow-up. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the recurrence rate of sporadic pheochromocytomas after curative adrenalectomy. Materials and Methods A literature search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. A study was eligible if it included a clear report on the number of sporadic patients, recurrence rate, and follow-up duration. Studies with an inclusion period before 1990, &lt;2 years of follow-up, &lt;10 patients, and unclear data on the sporadic nature of pheochromocytomas were excluded. A meta-analysis on recurrence was performed provided that the heterogeneity was low (I2 &lt; 25%) or intermediate (I2 26–75%). Hozo’s method was used to calculate weighted mean follow-up duration and weighted time to recurrence with combined standard deviations (SDs). Results A total of 13 studies, including 430 patients, were included in the synthesis. The meta-analysis results describe a pooled recurrence rate after curative surgery of 3% (95% confidence interval: 2–6%, I2 = 0%), with a weighted mean time to recurrence of 49.4 months (SD = 30.7) and a weighted mean follow-up period of 77.3 months (SD = 32.2). Conclusions This meta-analysis shows a very low recurrence rate of 3%. Prospective studies, including economical and health effects of limited follow-up strategies for patients with truly sporadic pheochromocytomas should be considered.

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