Association between resistin, adiponectin and leptin and cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese school children

Abstract Background It is not clear whether resistin, adiponectin and leptin are as closely associated with cardiovascular disease risk in childhood as in adulthood. Methods A survey was performed on elementary school 4 th graders aged 9 to 10 years in Ina-machi, Saitama, Japan to investigate whether resistin, adiponectin and leptin in these children might be associated with cardiovascular risk factors (atherosclerosis index: AI, waist-to-height ratio: W/H ratio, body mass index: BMI), and how the presence of obesity might affect their association. Results A total of 204 boys and 176 girls participated in the survey. Leptin and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio) were significantly correlated with the cardiovascular risk factors except AI, and adiponectin was shown to be negatively correlated with all the cardiovascular risk factors examined in the entire study population. While the serum resistin concentration was not found to be significantly different among the boys and girls with or without obesity, the resistin-to-adiponectin ratio (R/A ratio) was found to be significantly different between the obese and non-obese boys but not between the obese and non-obese girls. Among the obese boys, there was a significant correlation between resistin and AI and between the R/A ratio and the cardiovascular risk factors, neither of which was noted among the entire boy population or the non-obese boys. Whereas the R/A ratio was significantly correlated with all the cardiovascular risk factors only in the obese boys. (AI: 0.426, p<0.05, Waist Circumference: 0.545, p<0.01, W/Hr: 0.562, p<0.01, BMI: 0.401, p<0.05) Conclusions Our study findings suggest that school children with high leptin and/or low adiponectin levels are placed at higher cardiovascular risk, regardless of gender. It was also suggested that among boys with obesity as a cardiovascular risk factor, cardiovascular risk was higher in those with high leptin and/or low adiponectin levels, regardless of gender. Furthermore, the findings suggest that resistin is elevated and adiponectin is decreased in obese boys who are placed at higher cardiovascular risk.

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Waist-to-height Ratio is the Best Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Japanese Schoolchildren

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis ◽

10.5551/jat.9.127 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 127-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 136

Author(s):

Mitsuhiko Hara ◽

Emiko Saitou ◽

Fujihiko Iwata ◽

Tomoo Okada ◽

Kensuke Harada

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/sj.ijo.0801401 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1453-1458 ◽

Cited By ~ 521

Author(s):

SC Savva ◽

M Tornaritis ◽

ME Savva ◽

Y Kourides ◽

A Panagi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Waist-to-Height Ratio and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Elderly Individuals at High Cardiovascular Risk

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0043275 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. e43275 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Marta Guasch-Ferré ◽

Mònica Bulló ◽

Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽

Dolores Corella ◽

Ramon Estruch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Height Ratio ◽

High Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Relation of body mass index and waist-to-height ratio to cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/86.1.33 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 33-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 196

Author(s):

David S Freedman ◽

Henry S Kahn ◽

Zuguo Mei ◽

Laurence M Grummer-Strawn ◽

William H Dietz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Bogalusa Heart Study ◽

Heart Study ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Predictive potential of cardiovascular risk factors and their associations with arterial stiffness in people of European and Korean ethnic groups

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 4230

Author(s):

T. A. Brodskaya ◽

V. A. Nevzorova ◽

K. I. Shakhgeldyan ◽

B. I. Geltser ◽

D. A. Vrazhnov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Apo B ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

Ethnic Factor

Aim. To compare the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on aortic stiffness in people of European and East Asian ethnic groups.Material and methods. A total of 266 patients aged 18-60 years of European (n=133) and Korean (n=133) ethnic groups were examined. Clinical assessment was carried, Also, following blood parameters was evaluated: total cholesterol (TC), low- (LDL-C) and high- (HDL-C) density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins A (apo-A) and B (apo-B), triglycerides (TG), uric acid, creatinine, glucose, adiponectin, resistin. The aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central blood pressure (CBP) were determined using a Tensiomed arteriograph (Hungary). The study design included 3 stages. The first stage included statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney, χ2, Fisher tests, while the second one — determination of weighing coefficients of individual risk factors on aortic PWV. The third stage consists of verification of the relationship between ethnicity and aortic PWV using multivariate logistic regression and stochastic gradient boosting (SGB).Results. In Europeans, the median values of growth, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio were significantly higher, while the levels of apo-B, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG was significantly lower than in Asians. Koreans had higher blood concentrations of UA, creatinine, glucose, while the resistin concentration was 1,8 times lower. Among Europeans, the odds ratio of developing hypertension (HTN) was significantly higher. The level of aortic PWV in people of different ethnic groups did not differ significantly. Univariate logistic regression showed a dominant influence of age, CPP and waist-to-height ratio on aortic PWV. A less noticeable significant relationship with aortic PWV had HTN, female sex, BMI, levels of systolic, diastolic and pulse BP. Multivariate logistic regression and SGB showed the maximum prediction accuracy when 5 predictors were combined in one model: age, height, HTN, LDL-C, and ethnicity. Comparable accuracy was demonstrated by a model where glucose level was used instead of LDL-C. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between the ethnic factor and aortic PWV. Its predictive potential was realized only in combination with functional and metabolic status parameters of patients. In Koreans, the threshold values of these factors can be significantly higher than in Europeans.Conclusion. Developed using modern machine learning technologies, the assessment aortic PWV models taking into account the ethnic factor can be a useful tool for processing and analyzing data in predictive studies.

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Thirty Years of Epidemiological Studies of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Latvia: Why are they Needed?

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences ◽

10.2478/prolas-2020-0046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (5) ◽

pp. 299-307

Author(s):

Pēteris Apinis ◽

Vilnis Dzērve ◽

Anda Čakša ◽

Iveta Bajāre ◽

Andrejs Ērglis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Epidemiological Study ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

European Standard Population

Abstract The present review is designed to provide insight into population-based investigations of cardiovascular risk factors in Latvia. Most of them represent urban, rural and mixed populations. The results are age-standardised using the European Standard Population. All of the studies confirm a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors with wide differences across the studies. The differences are not consistent or regular and some of the underlying reasons are discussed. Analysis of the previous studies justifies the need for a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological study, which in a small country can be carried out in compliance with all the requirements for a population-based epidemiological study.

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