Web System for Spatial Processing and Analysis: An Application in a Neonatal Screening Program in Southern Brazil

Abstract Background Spatial data analysis refers to the process of finding patterns, detecting anomalies, or testing hypotheses and theories by observing phenomena associated with a specific geographic area or location. The literature in the area presents different studies that seek to understand its phenomena through spatial analysis techniques and methods. However, these studies have several problems, such as the frequent use of only one type of analysis, area or punctual. Furthermore, the studies do not formally describe the process of treatment and organization applied to the data to replicate the spatial analyzes in other research areas. Thus, this work proposes a web system for generating, organizing, and processing data compatible with geographic information systems to construct spatial analysis of area and points. Methods The proposed method was developed with the JavaScript programming language and structured in four sequential steps: data acquisition, processing and organization, data validation, and spatial analysis. Data from three diseases (cystic fibrosis, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and hemoglobinopathies) from a neonatal screening program in southern Brazil were used to validate the proposed method and construct the spatial analyses. The choropleth mapping and kernel density estimation methods were used to build the analyses. Results The results obtained made it possible to georeference the data, validate it to its area of study, associate it with its micro and mesoregions, and cross it with public databases. In addition, the results enabled the construction of scientific maps of area and points to visualize the primary evidence from the spatial distribution of disease cases. Conclusions The developed method showed high replication potential for other study contexts. Also, it proved to be relevant in the context of spatial analysis, enabling speed in processing, data organization and, consequently, in the construction of significant results that can be used in public policies that directly impact people's quality of life and health challenges.

Download Full-text

Neonatal screening program for five conditions in Honduras

Journal of Community Genetics ◽

10.1007/s12687-021-00506-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michelle Melissa Miralda Buckley ◽

Lindsay Borjas Aguilar ◽

Rosibel Colindres Lainez ◽

Hector Joaquin Alvarado Valenzuela ◽

Fernando Ponce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Neonatal Screening Program

Download Full-text

BH4 deficiency identified in a neonatal screening program for hyperphenylalaninemia

Jornal de Pediatria ◽

10.1016/j.jped.2017.04.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 170-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cezar Antonio Abreu de Souza ◽

Michelle Rosa Andrade Alves ◽

Rosangelis del Lama Soares ◽

Viviane de Cássia Kanufre ◽

Valéria de Melo Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Neonatal Screening Program

Download Full-text

Spatial Data Analysis in epidemiology of sensorineural hearing loss

Russian otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.18692/1810-4800-2020-4-13-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

A. A. Korneenkov ◽

◽

S. V. Ryazantsev ◽

I. V. Fanta ◽

E. E. Vyazemskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Information Systems ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Spatial Data Analysis ◽

Point Pattern ◽

Spatial Process ◽

One Year

The identification of risk factors, features and patterns of the emergence and spread of diseases in space requires a large array of diverse data and the use of a serious mathematical and statistical apparatus. The distribution of diseases in space is studied using spatial analysis tools, which are now widely used as information systems are introduced and data are accumulated that are relevant to public health. For most tasks of working with spatial data (data, events that have geographical, spatial coordinates), various geographic information systems are used. As a disease for spatial analysis, sensorineural hearing loss was chosen, with which patients were treated at the Saint-Petersburg Research of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech during one year of the study. The main tasks of the spatial analysis of data on the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) for hospitalization were: visualization of a point pattern, which can form the geographical coordinates of the places of residence of inpatients with SNHL; assessment of the properties of the spatial process that generates this point image (assessment of the intensity of the process, its laws) using various statistical indicators; testing the hypothesis about the spatial randomness of this process and the influence of individual factors on it. R-code accompanied all calculations in the article. Calculations can be reproduced quite easily. The text of the article can be used as step-by-step instructions for their implementation.

Download Full-text

Ten-year evaluation of a Neonatal Screening Program for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/0004-2730000003310 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 765-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Marilza Leal Nascimento ◽

Anísia Nhelety Baptista Cristiano ◽

Tatiane de Campos ◽

Masanao Ohira ◽

Edson Cechinel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽

Neonatal Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

The State ◽

Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Salt Wasting ◽

Neonatal Screening Program ◽

Treatment Onset

Objective Evaluate the Neonatal Screening Program (NSP) for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) of the Department of Health of the State of Santa Catarina (Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, SES/SC), and provide information to improve the program. Subjects and methods Descriptive, retrospective study of 748,395 children screened between January 2001 and December 2010. We analyzed the coverage of the NSP-SES/SC prevalence of CAH, child’s age when the first sample for 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) measurement was collected, levels of 17OHP, mean age at treatment onset and main clinical manifestations. Results The NSP-SES/SC covered 89% of the live newborns in the State. It diagnosed 50 cases of CAH, yielding an incidence of 1:14,967. Mean age at collection of the first sample was 7.3 days and mean level of 17OHP was 152.9 ng/mL. The most frequent manifestations were virilized genitalia with nonpalpable gonads, clitoromegaly and genital hyperpigmentation. In three girls, the genre established at birth was incorrect. The salt-wasting form was present in 74% of the cases. There was no occurrence of shock or death. Mean age at treatment onset in the salt-wasting form was 17.4 days compared with 54.9 days in those without the salt-wasting form of the disease. All children were treated with hydrocortisone, and those with salt-wasting CAH were also treated with fludrocortisone. Conclusions The incidence of CAH was 1 case to 14,967 live newborns. Collection of the first sample occurred outside the recommended time, resulting in delays in treatment onset.

Download Full-text

Analyzing Resilience in Local Labor Market Areas: A Spatial Analysis for the Case of Italy

Applied Economics Quarterly ◽

10.3790/aeq.65.3.189 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 189-208

Author(s):

Barbara Martini ◽

Marco Platania

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Spatial Data Analysis ◽

Market Area ◽

Observation Unit ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Market Areas ◽

The Relationship

Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyse if and in which way specialization, geographical localization and spill-over effects affect resilience. The research is carried out using LLMAs (Local Labor Market Areas) as observational unit and spatial data analysis techniques (Anselin 1999, LeSage & Pace, 2009) in Italy. Resilience literature focalized its attention on regions. Despite this, there is no general agreement regarding the most appropriate observation unit. Our aim is not only to investigate the relationship between specialization and resilience at smaller scale using the LLMAs as observation unit but also to explore the spatial relationship among them. Results highlight a strong spatial correlation among LLMAs. As consequence resilience is not only influenced by specialization but also by geographical localization through spill-over effects. JEL Classifications: R10, R12, C23, C33 Spatial analysis; Resilience; Labor Market Area; Italy

Download Full-text

Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of the Use of the Thyroxine/Thyroxine-Binding Globulin Ratio to Detect Congenital Hypothyroidism of Thyroidal and Central Origin in a Neonatal Screening Program

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2004-2162 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 168-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

C. I. Lanting

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽

Neonatal Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽

Central Origin ◽

Neonatal Screening Program

Download Full-text

Spatial Analysis

Sociology ◽

10.1093/obo/9780199756384-0058 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stephen Matthews ◽

Rachel Bacon ◽

R. L’Heureux Lewis-McCoy ◽

Ellis Logan

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Spatial Statistics ◽

Spatial Econometrics ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Spatial Inequality ◽

Geospatial Data ◽

Spatial Data Analysis ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Data Types ◽

Wide Range

Recent years have seen a rapid growth in interest in the addition of a spatial perspective, especially in the social and health sciences, and in part this growth has been driven by the ready availability of georeferenced or geospatial data, and the tools to analyze them: geographic information science (GIS), spatial analysis, and spatial statistics. Indeed, research on race/ethnic segregation and other forms of social stratification as well as research on human health and behavior problems, such as obesity, mental health, risk-taking behaviors, and crime, depend on the collection and analysis of individual- and contextual-level (geographic area) data across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Given all of these considerations, researchers are continuously developing new ways to harness and analyze geo-referenced data. Indeed, a prerequisite for spatial analysis is the availability of information on locations (i.e., places) and the attributes of those locations (e.g., poverty rates, educational attainment, religious participation, or disease prevalence). This Oxford Bibliographies article has two main parts. First, following a general overview of spatial concepts and spatial thinking in sociology, we introduce the field of spatial analysis focusing on easily available textbooks (introductory, handbooks, and advanced), journals, data, and online instructional resources. The second half of this article provides an explicit focus on spatial approaches within specific areas of sociological inquiry, including crime, demography, education, health, inequality, and religion. This section is not meant to be exhaustive but rather to indicate how some concepts, measures, data, and methods have been used by sociologists, criminologists, and demographers during their research. Throughout all sections we have attempted to introduce classic articles as well as contemporary studies. Spatial analysis is a general term to describe an array of statistical techniques that utilize locational information to better understand the pattern of observed attribute values and the processes that generated the observed pattern. The best-known early example of spatial analysis is John Snow’s 1854 cholera map of London, but the origins of spatial analysis can be traced back to France during the 1820s and 1830s and the period of morale statistique, specifically the work of Guerry, d’Angeville, Duplin, and Quetelet. The foundation for current spatial statistical analysis practice is built on methodological development in both statistics and ecology during the 1950s and quantitative geography during the 1960s and 1970s and it is a field that has been greatly enhanced by improvements in computer and information technologies relevant to the collection, and visualization and analysis of geographic or geospatial data. In the early 21st century, four main methodological approaches to spatial analysis can be identified in the literature: exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), spatial statistics, spatial econometrics, and geostatistics. The diversity of spatial-analytical methods available to researchers is wide and growing, which is also a function of the different types of analytical units and data types used in formal spatial analysis—specifically, point data (e.g., crime events, disease cases), line data (e.g., networks, routes), spatial continuous or field data (e.g., accessibility surfaces), and area or lattice data (e.g., unemployment and mortality rates). Applications of geospatial data and/or spatial analysis are increasingly found in sociological research, especially in studies of spatial inequality, residential segregation, demography, education, religion, neighborhoods and health, and criminology.

Download Full-text

The Neonatal Screening Program in Brazil, Focus on Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

International Journal of Neonatal Screening ◽

10.3390/ijns5010011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Silva-Pinto ◽

Maria Alencar de Queiroz ◽

Paula Antoniazzo Zamaro ◽

Miranete Arruda ◽

Helena Pimentel dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Neonatal Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Cell Disease ◽

Ministry Of Health ◽

Basic Care ◽

Main Challenge ◽

Neonatal Screening Program

Since 2001, the Brazilian Ministry of Health has been coordinating a National Neonatal Screening Program (NNSP) that now covers all the 26 states and the Federal District of the Brazilian Republic and targets six diseases including sickle cell disease (SCD) and other hemoglobinopathies. In 2005, the program coverage reached 80% of the total live births. Since then, it has oscillated between 80% and 84% globally with disparities from one state to another (>95% in São Paulo State). The Ministry of Health has also published several Guidelines for clinical follow-up and treatment for the diseases comprised by the neonatal screening program. The main challenge was, and still is, to organize the public health network (SUS), from diagnosis and basic care to reference centers in order to provide comprehensive care for patients diagnosed by neonatal screening, especially for SCD patients. Considerable gains have already been achieved, including the implementation of a network within SUS and the addition of scientific and technological progress to treatment protocols. The goals for the care of SCD patients are the intensification of information provided to health care professionals and patients, measures to prevent complications, and care and health promotion, considering these patients in a global and integrated way, to reduce mortality and enhance their quality of life.

Download Full-text

Spatial data analysis and the use of maps in scientific health articles

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.62.04.336 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 336-341

Author(s):

Luciana Bertoldi Nucci ◽

Patrick Theodore Souccar ◽

Silvia Diez Castilho

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Spatial Data Analysis ◽

Careful Evaluation ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Impact Index ◽

Scientific Papers ◽

The Impact

Summary Introduction: Despite the growing number of studies with a characteristic element of spatial analysis, the application of the techniques is not always clear and its continuity in epidemiological studies requires careful evaluation. Objective: To verify the spread and use of those processes in national and international scientific papers. Method: An assessment was made of periodicals according to the impact index. Among 8,281 journals surveyed, four national and four international were selected, of which 1,274 articles were analyzed regarding the presence or absence of spatial analysis techniques. Results: Just over 10% of articles published in 2011 in high impact journals, both national and international, showed some element of geographical location. Conclusion: Although these percentages vary greatly from one journal to another, denoting different publication profiles, we consider this percentage as an indication that location variables have become an important factor in studies of health.

Download Full-text