scholarly journals Impact of Ocular Residual Astigmatism On Anterior Corneal Astigmatism In Children With Low And Moderate Myopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Lin ◽  
Dexiang An ◽  
Yun Lu ◽  
Dongmei Yan
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Ocular Residual Astigmatism ◽  
Manifest Refraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anterior Corneal Astigmatism

Abstract Background: To assess the influence of ocular residual astigmatism to anterior corneal astigmatism in children with low and moderate myopia.Methods: Refractive astigmatism was obtained by subjective manifest refraction. Anterior corneal astigmatism was obtained by IOL Master. Using Thibos vector analysis to calculate ocular residual astigmatism. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism. The influence of ocular residual astigmatism to anterior corneal astigmatism was evaluated by Physical method.Results: The study analyzed 241 right eyes of 241 children aged 8 to 18 years old. In this study, the median magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism was 1.02 D, with interquartile range was 0.58 D. Against-the-rule ocular residual astigmatism was seen in 232 eyes (96.3%). There was a significant and moderate correlation between ocular residual astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism (r = 0.50, P < 0.001). The ocular residual astigmatism in 240 eyes (99.6%) had a compensatory effects on anterior corneal astigmatism. The mean compensation value was 1.00 ± 0.41 D (rang 0.02 D to 2.34 D). Based on this effect, 37 eyes had different axial classification of anterior corneal astigmatism and refractive astigmatism. By contrast, one eye (0.4%) had oblique ocular residual astigmatism and superimposed with-the-rule anterior corneal astigmatism.Conclusions: The magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism was relatively huge in myopia children and predominantly compensated anterior corneal astigmatism. The ocular residual astigmatism should be assessed first before fitting orthokeratology.

scholarly journals Contribution of Ocular Residual Astigmatism to Anterior Corneal Astigmatism in Children with Low and Moderate Myopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Lin ◽  
Dexiang An ◽  
Yun Lu ◽  
Dongmei Yan ◽  
Leilei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Ocular Residual Astigmatism ◽  
Manifest Refraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anterior Corneal Astigmatism

Abstract To assess the contribution of ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) to anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA) in children with low and moderate myopia. Refractive astigmatism (RA) were received by subjective manifest refraction. ACA were obtained by IOL Master. Using Thibos vector analysis to calculate ORA. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the magnitude of ORA and ACA. The contribution of ORA to ACA was evaluated by Physical method. The study analyzed 241 right eyes of 241 children aged 8 to 18 years old. In this study, the median magnitude of ORA was 1.02 D, with interquartile range was 0.58 D. Against-the-rule ORA was seen in 232 eyes (96.3%). There was a significant and moderate correlation between ORA and ACA (r = 0.50, P < 0.001). The ORA in 240 eyes (99.6%) had a compensatory effects on ACA. The mean compensation value was 1.00 ± 0.41 D. Based on this effect, 37 eyes had different axial classification of ACA and RA. By contrast, one eye (0.4%) had oblique ORA and superimposed with-the-rule ACA. The magnitude of ORA was relatively huge in myopia children and predominantly compensated ACA. The ORA should be assessed first before fitting orthokeratology.

scholarly journals The contribution of ocular residual astigmatism to anterior corneal astigmatism in refractive astigmatism eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Lin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Ocular Residual Astigmatism ◽  
Anterior Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Superimposed Effect

AbstractTo determine the distribution of ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) in astigmatic eyes and the influence on the anterior corneal (ACA) and refractive astigmatism (RA). A total of 165 children met the inclusion criteria. Right eyes’ data were analyzed. Using Thibos vector analysis to calculate ORA. Spearman correlation analysis was used to obtain the correlation between the magnitude of ORA, ACA and RA. The median magnitude of ORA in astigmatic eyes was 0.57 D, with interquartile range was 0.42 D. And they were main against-the-rule (57.6–75.8%) and oblique astigmatism (13.9–34.5%) ORA. The ORA in 140 eyes (84.8%) acted as an offset to ACA, meanwhile, 25 eyes (15.2%) superimposed it. About 98% (97.9–98.4%) against-the-rule and 75% (73.9–82.5%) oblique ORA counteracted ACA, nevertheless, all with-the-rule ORA had a superimposed effect on ACA. For with-the-rule ACA, about 86% (85.4–85.9%) ORA worked to offset it. There was statistically correlations between ORA and ACA (r = 0.17, P = 0.03), ORA and RA (r = − 0.27, P = 0.001). The magnitude of ocular residual astigmatism was relatively small in children’s astigmatic eyes. Both against-the-rule and oblique ORA can counteract with-the-rule ACA.

scholarly journals Does pterygium morphology affect corneal astigmatism?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 251584142110304
Author(s):  
Emine Doğan ◽  
Burçin Çakır ◽  
Nilgün Aksoy ◽  
Elif Köse ◽  
Gürsoy Alagöz
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Continuous Group ◽  
Optic Coherence Tomography ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Horizontal Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anterior Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Posterior Corneal Astigmatism

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between corneal astigmatism and the morphology of pterygium with anterior segment optic coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Material and Methods: The size of pterygium (horizontal length, vertical width) was measured manually; pterygium area and percentage extension of the pterygium onto the cornea were calculated. Anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism, Sim K, K1, K2 were measured using a dual Scheimpflug analyzer. Morphological patterns of the pterygium analyzed with AS-OCT were determined according to the extension of the pterygium apex below the corneal epithelium. Two tomographic patterns were identified: continuous and nodular. Correlation between anterior corneal astigmatism and pterygium size, percentage extension of the pterygium, and morphological pattern of the pterygium was analyzed. Results: The mean ages of the 47 patients were 49.4 ± 16.6 (22–80) years. Mean horizontal pterygium length, vertical width, pterygium area, and percentage extension of the pterygium were 2.8 ± 1.2 mm, 4.8 ± 1.6 mm, 7.42 ± 5.6 mm2 and 24.5 ± 10.4%, respectively. Mean anterior corneal astigmatism was 2.3 ± 2.3 D and simulated keratometry was 43.4 ± 2.02 D. In terms of the morphological pattern of the pterygium, 24 eyes had continuous, 23 eyes had a nodular pattern and the median (interquartile range) anterior corneal astigmatism was 1.87 (1.01–3.80) and 1.22 D (0.58–2.35), respectively ( p = 0.102). Other topographic and pterygium size parameters were similar between groups. Analyzing the correlations in groups separately, a positive moderate statistically significant correlation was present between vertical width, percentage extension, pterygium area, and anterior corneal astigmatism in both continuous and nodular groups. Conclusions: Although not statistically significant, anterior corneal astigmatism was higher in continuous group. Using AS-OCT to standardize the morphology of pterygium could provide additional clinical information.

Occupational load as a risk factor for clinically relevant base of thumb osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Moriatis Wolf ◽  
Aleksandra Turkiewicz ◽  
Isam Atroshi ◽  
Martin Englund
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Occupational Tasks ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thumb Carpometacarpal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveIt is postulated that increased load from pinch and grasp in occupational tasks increases the risk of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC1) osteoarthritis (OA). We sought to characterise the relationship between doctor-diagnosed CMC1 OA and occupation in a large working population.MethodsWe performed a matched case–control study using a Swedish healthcare register. We identified residents aged 30–65 years in 2013 with physician-diagnosed CMC1 OA from 1998 to 2013. We matched four controls per person with CMC1 OA by age, sex, education and postcode. Swedish Standard Classification of Occupations was used to assign occupation. Occupation was categorised as light, light–moderate, moderate and heavy labour. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsWe identified 3462 patients with CMC1 OA and matched 13 211 controls. The mean age of the CMC1 OA group was 63 (SD 7) years, with 81% women. The ORs for CMC1 OA in men were 1.31 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.79) for light–moderate, 1.76 (95% CI 1.29 to 2.40) for moderate and 2.00 (95% CI 1.59 to 2.51) for heavy compared with light work. Women had ORs for CMC1 OA of 1.46 (95% CI 1.32 to 1.61) for light–moderate, 1.27 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.46) for moderate and 1.31 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.59) for heavy compared with light work.ConclusionsThe association between increased manual load in occupation and risk of CMC1 OA is more pronounced in men than in women, likely due to higher workload in the heavy labour category.

scholarly journals Erosion index formulation with respect to reservoir life in the upper Citarum watershed

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Bakhtiar
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Erosion Index ◽  
Dead Storage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Annual Sediment

This study aimed to formulate erosion index in the upper Citarum watershed with respect to the Saguling reservoir life. Soil and Water Assessment Tool model was incorporated to simulate hydrological processes in the catchment. From the calibration and validation results, the model is considerably of good performance. The simulated sediment inflow at Nanjung outlet was then extrapolated to determine the sediment inflow into the reservoir. The study revealed that the average value of sediment inflow into the reservoir is 29.24 tonnes/ha/year just below the tolerable erosion limit of 30 tonnes/ha/year assumed by Hammer (1981). It was also found that the relationship between sediment yield and sediment inflow is non linear. Erosion index is formulated as the ratio between the mean annual sediment yield generated in the watershed and the mean annual sediment yield that leads dead storage to be full in the designated life of the reservoir. Erosion index equals to 1.0 indicates that the dead storage will be full in the designated life of the reservoir. A classification of erosion index can be subsequently be made based on erosion index and reservoir life relationship.

scholarly journals Changes in ocular astigmatism after superotemporal versus temporal clear corneal incision cataract surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Fan ◽  
Dongjin Qian ◽  
Zhennan Zhao ◽  
Yongxiang Jiang ◽  
Yi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Corneal Incision ◽  
Clear Corneal Incision ◽  
Ocular Residual Astigmatism ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Postoperative Astigmatism ◽  
Manifest Refraction ◽  
Uncorrected Visual Acuity

Abstract Background The incision site to choose to manage postoperative astigmatism during cataract surgery is still debated. This study investigated corneal and internal astigmatism changes after superotemporal versus temporal clear corneal incision cataract surgery. Methods Patients included were diagnosed between December 2019 and January 2020 with age-related cataract with corneal astigmatism < 1.5 diopters (D) and were divided into two groups: Right Eye Group (R Group, superotemporal incision) and Left Eye Group (L Group, temporal incision). Uncorrected visual acuity, manifest refraction, corneal topography, anterior segment optical coherence tomography were performed pre- and 6 months postoperatively. Total ocular astigmatism, corneal astigmatism, surgically induced corneal astigmatism (SICA), non-corneal ocular residual astigmatism (N-CORA), postoperative intraocular lens (IOL) decentration, and tilt were analysed. Results Thirty-eight subjects were included: 21, R Group; 17, L Group. After surgery, the N-CORA decreased significantly from 1.17 ± 0.72D to 0.73 ± 0.47D in all patients (P = 0.001), 1.03 ± 0.52D to 0.70 ± 0.40D in the R Group (P = 0.005), and 1.35 ± 0.90D to 0.78 ± 0.55D in the L Group (P = 0.033). Significant differences between the R and L groups were found in the postoperative meridian of anterior corneal astigmatism (75.95 ± 52.50 vs 116.79 ± 47.29; P = 0.017), total corneal astigmatism (51.65 ± 42.75 vs 95.20 ± 57.32; P = 0.011), J45 change vector of SICA in the anterior cornea (-0.10 ± 0.18 vs 0.00 ± 0.11; P = 0.048), and total cornea surface (-0.14 ± 0.17 vs 0.03 ± 0.12; P = 0.001). IOL decentration, tilt, and the meridian of IOL tilt were not significantly correlated with N-CORA. Conclusions The N-CORA significantly decreased after cataract surgery. Superotemporal and temporal incisions can cause differences in the meridian components of oblique astigmatism but will not have a significant effect on the magnitude of corneal astigmatism.

Targeting Anterior Corneal Astigmatism With Topography-Guided Ablation Ignores Ocular Residual Astigmatism, Resulting in Inferior Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Avi Wallerstein ◽  
Mathieu Gauvin ◽  
Mark Cohen ◽  
Kemal Ozulken ◽  
Manoj Motwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Ocular Residual Astigmatism ◽  
Anterior Corneal Astigmatism

scholarly journals PEER ASSOCIATION AND PERCEPTION OF HARMS AND BENEFITS ASSOCIATED MARIJUANA USE AMONG JAMAICAN ADOLESCENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Wynter ◽  
Marya Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Peer Association ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Counterpart ◽  
Grade 11

ABSTRACT Objective: to examine the relationship between peer association and perception of harms and benefits associated marijuana use among Jamaican adolescents. Method: the purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between peer association and perception of harms and benefits associated with marijuana use among 300 Jamaican adolescents in grades 10 and 11. Results: lifetime prevalence for marijuana use was higher for total males 34% compared to total females 26%. Overall lifetime prevalence roused by 4% in the move from grade 10 or form 4 to grade 11 or fifth form. Data reveal the mean age for first use at age 12 years. Data also revealed that males were more likely to have friends who use marijuana than their female counterpart. Conclusion: there was a significant difference in opinion relating to perception of harms of marijuana use and peer association, which was evidenced with a weak correlation of .29. Also, there was a significant difference in benefits of marijuana use by peer association, with a moderate correlation of .31.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ADVERSITY QUOTIENT DENGAN KESIAPAN BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI

QATHRUNÂ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Dede Fatchuroji
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Learning Readiness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study aims: (1) to describe the Adver- sity Quotient of the XII grade students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Serang Regency; (2) to describe the learning readiness of class XII students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Serang Regency; (3) to explain the relationship between Adver- sity Quotient and the students' learning readiness of class XII Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Serang Regency. The method used by researchers is descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Population of 207 class XII students from 7 groups was then taken randomly from 32 students. Data collection technique. Data collection using a questionnaire instrument. This research was conducted from June to September 2019. Primary data sources were obtained from 15 questionnaires. Data processing used SPSS 16.0. Based on the results of data analysis, three conclusions were obtained as follows: First, Adversity Quotient class XII Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Serang Regency is in the high category indicated by the mean value of 52.75. Second, the learning readiness of class XII Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Serang Regency is in the medium category, indicated by a mean value of 59.06. Third, there is a significant positive relationship between Adversity Quotient and learning readiness. This is indicated by the value of Pearson correlation = 0.551 with sig 0.001, this value after being consulted with the interpretation table for the number "r" (0.551) is between (0.40–0.60) whose interpretation is included in the category of moderate correlation.

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