scholarly journals Reaction Kinetics Modelling for Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Hura Crepitans Invasive Species Lignocellulosic Biomass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinola David Olugbemide ◽  
Blaž Likozar ◽  
Ana Oberlintner ◽  
Uroš Novak ◽  
Ekebafe Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Kinetic Predictions ◽  
Hura Crepitans ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dry Anaerobic Digestion

Abstract In this research study, the impact of the feedstock to the inoculum (F/I) amount ratio in the dry anaerobic digestion (DAD) of Hura crepitans leaves was evaluated. Measured biogas volumes, as well as the chemical kinetic predictions for exponential, logistic and Gompertz model, depicting the agreement of the simulations over time, were also determined. From the F/I equivalents 2, 4 and 6 at 22 % of packed total solids, which were considered in analysis test procedure, the DAD digester with F/I number 4 was the most promising in terms of biogas’ production rate. Its daily methane/carbon dioxide was 690 mL, while cumulative generation productivity was greater than 2 L/sample, respectively. On the other hand, the DAD reaction with F/I contained 6, recorded the lowest related expressed primary matter of < 1 L. An associated early commencement of the organic material breakdown in all bio vessels was indicative of a good start-up phase, which is one of the challenges, often encountered in DAD process. Furthermore, applied experimental methods revealed the direct correlation phenomena between biodegradability physical constants, measured molecular CH4/CO2 synthesis and simulations. Hura crepitans being an invasive plant species makes its lignocellulosic fractions desired in terms of valorisation, as it is not competing with agricultural crop products. Modelling can, moreover, contribute to consecutive operation optimisation, scaling and integrating, also taking dynamics under consideration. As opposed to bio-refining wood residues, where individual cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin biopolymers can be attained, degradation to yield CH4 is robust, as well as compatible in combustion.

Simulation of the Impact of Higher Ammonia Recycle Loads Caused by Upgrading Anaerobic Sludge Digesters

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy T. Kraemer ◽  
David M. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Treatment Train ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Upgrading conventional single-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion to an advanced digestion technology can increase sludge stability, reduce pathogen content, increase biogas production, and also increase ammonia concentrations recycled back to the liquid treatment train. Limited information is available to assess whether the higher ammonia recycle loads from an anaerobic sludge digestion upgrade would lead to higher discharge effluent ammonia concentrations. Biowin, a commercially available wastewater treatment plant simulation package, was used to predict the effects of anaerobic digestion upgrades on the liquid train performance, especially effluent ammonia concentrations. A factorial analysis indicated that the influent total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and influent alkalinity each had a 50-fold larger influence on the effluent NH3 concentration than either the ambient temperature, liquid train SRT or anaerobic digestion efficiency. Dynamic simulations indicated that the diurnal variation in effluent NH3 concentration was 9 times higher than the increase due to higher digester VSR. Higher recycle NH3 loads caused by upgrades to advanced digestion techniques can likely be adequately managed by scheduling dewatering to coincide with periods of low influent TKN load and ensuring sufficient alkalinity for nitrification.

scholarly journals Innovations in anaerobic digestion: a model-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Postawa ◽  
Jerzy Szczygieł ◽  
Marek Kułażyński
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Increasing the efficiency of the biogas production process is possible by modifying the technological installations of the biogas plant. In this study, specific solutions based on a mathematical model that lead to favorable results were proposed. Three configurations were considered: classical anaerobic digestion (AD) and its two modifications, two-phase AD (TPAD) and autogenerative high-pressure digestion (AHPD). The model has been validated based on measurements from a biogas plant located in Poland. Afterward, the TPAD and AHPD concepts were numerically tested for the same volume and feeding conditions. Results The TPAD system increased the overall biogas production from 9.06 to 9.59%, depending on the feedstock composition, while the content of methane was slightly lower in the whole production chain. On the other hand, the AHPD provided the best purity of the produced fuel, in which a methane content value of 82.13% was reached. At the same time, the overpressure leads to a decrease of around 7.5% in the volumetric production efficiency. The study indicated that the dilution of maize silage with pig manure, instead of water, can have significant benefits in the selected configurations. The content of pig slurry strengthens the impact of the selected process modifications—in the first case, by increasing the production efficiency, and in the second, by improving the methane content in the biogas. Conclusions The proposed mathematical model of the AD process proved to be a valuable tool for the description and design of biogas plant. The analysis shows that the overall impact of the presented process modifications is mutually opposite. The feedstock composition has a moderate and unsteady impact on the production profile, in the tested modifications. The dilution with pig manure, instead of water, leads to a slightly better efficiency in the classical configuration. For the TPAD process, the trend is very similar, but the AHPD biogas plant indicates a reverse tendency. Overall, the recommendation from this article is to use the AHPD concept if the composition of the biogas is the most important. In the case in which the performance is the most important factor, it is favorable to use the TPAD configuration.

scholarly journals Biogas Potential from the Anaerobic Digestion of Potato Peels: Process Performance and Kinetics Evaluation

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Achinas ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Vasileios Achinas ◽  
Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Potato Peels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetics Of

This article intends to promote the usage of potato peels as efficient substrate for the anaerobic digestion process for energy recovery and waste abatement. This study examined the performance of anaerobic digestion of potato peels in different inoculum-to-substrate ratios. In addition, the impact of combined treatment with cow manure and pretreatment of potato peels was examined. It was found that co-digestion of potato peel waste and cow manure yielded up to 237.4 mL CH4/g VSadded, whereas the maximum methane yield from the mono-digestion of potato peels was 217.8 mL CH4/g VSadded. Comparing the co-digestion to mono-digestion of potato peels, co-digestion in PPW/CM ratio of 60:40 increased the methane yield by 10%. In addition, grinding and acid hydrolysis applied to potato peels were positively effective in increasing the methane amount reaching 260.3 and 283.4 mL CH4/g VSadded respectively. Likewise, compared to untreated potato peels, pretreatment led to an elevation of the methane amount by 9% and 17% respectively and alleviated the kinetics of biogas production.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of suspended and attached growth sludges

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Roebuck ◽  
Kevin Kennedy ◽  
Robert Delatolla
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a proven technology for energy production from the stabilization and reduction of sewage waste. The AD and impact of ultrasonic pretreatment of four waste activated sludges (WASs) from conventional and three non-conventional municipal wastewater treatment plants were investigated. WAS from a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, a rotating biological contactor (RBC), a lagoon, and a nitrifying moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) were pretreated with ultrasonic energies of 800–6,550 kJ/kg total solids to illustrate the impact of sludge type and ultrasonic pretreatment on biogas production (BGP), solubilization, and digestion kinetics. The greatest increase in BGP over the control of pretreated sludge did not coincide consistently with greater sonication energy but occurred within a solubilization range of 2.9–7.4% degree of disintegration and are as follows: 5% ± 3 biogas increase for CAS, 12% ± 9 for lagoon, 15% ± 2 for nitrifying MBBR, and 20% ± 2 for RBC. The effect of sonication on digestion kinetics was inconclusive with the application of modified Gompertz, reaction curve, and first-order models to biogas production. These results illustrate the unique response of differing sludges to the same levels of sonication energies. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).

scholarly journals Significance of Pretreatment in Enhancing the Performance of Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste: An Insight on Full Scale Implementation Strategy with Theoretical Analogy

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Vijayalakshmi Arelli ◽  
Sudharshan Juntupally ◽  
Sameena Begum ◽  
Gangagni Rao Anupoju
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dry Anaerobic Digestion

The aim of this study was to treat food waste containing 25% total solids (TS) through dry anaerobic digestion (dry AD) process at various pressures (0.5 to 2.5 kg/cm2) and different time duration (20 to 100 min) to understand the impact of pretreatment in enhancing the methane generation potential along with insights on scale up. The findings revealed that vs. reduction and methane yield of 60% and 0.25 L CH4/(g VSadded) can be achieved with pretreated food waste at two kilograms per square centimeter, while pretreatment of food waste at 2 kg/cm2 for 100 min enhanced the vs. reduction from 60% to 85% and methane yield from 0.25 to 0.368 L CH4/(g VSadded). However, the net energy indicated that 40 min of pre -treatment at two kilograms per square centimeter can be a suitable option as methane yield and vs. reduction of 0.272 L CH4/(g VSadded) and 70%, respectively was achieved. The vs. reduction and the methane yield of 45% and 0.14 L CH4/(g VSadded), respectively was obtained from untreated food waste which illustrated that pretreatment had significantly impacted on the enhancement of methane generation and organic matter removal which can make the dry AD process more attractive and feasible at commercial scale.

Improved biogas production of dry anaerobic digestion of swine manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 122188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youqian Xiao ◽  
Hongnan Yang ◽  
Han Yang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Dan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Dry Anaerobic Digestion

scholarly journals Elevated biogas production from the anaerobic co-digestion of farmhouse waste: Insight into the process performance and kinetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1240-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Achinas ◽  
Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The biodegradable portion of solid waste generated in farmhouses can be treated for energy recovery with small portable biogas plants. This action can be done across the Netherlands and all around the planet. This study aims to appraise the performance of anaerobic digestion of different wastes (cow manure, food waste and garden waste) obtained from a regional farmhouse. Batch reactors were established under mesophilic conditions in order to investigate the impact of ternary mixtures on the anaerobic digestion process performance. Different mixing ratios were set in the batch tests. The upshots from the experiments connoted that ternary digestion with cow manure:food waste:garden waste mixing ratio of 40:50:10 yielded higher biogas amount. The kinetics’ results showed quite good congruence with the experimental study. The results from the kinetic analysis appeared to be in line with the experimental one.

Ammonia influence in anaerobic digestion of OFMSW

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1153-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Benabdallah El Hadj ◽  
S. Astals ◽  
A. Galí ◽  
S. Mace ◽  
J. Mata-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions

The anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes is taking increasing importance in the recent years. The main problem of some anaerobic digestion process is the large quantity of ammonia that is released, especially when high solid digestion is implemented. A fraction of the supernatant is treated and the remaining is recirculated to maintain the reactor in the optimum solids concentration. The question arising is if this recirculation stream should also be treated to improve biogas production. However, when doing the latter the quantity of ammonia inside the reactor increases too which could lead to inhibit the reactor operation. In this paper it appears that not only free ammonia affects the methanogenic fermentation but also ammonium ion concentration. Biogas production profiles are estimated using the Gompertz model. On the other hand, inhibition constants are fitted using a non-competitive inhibition model equation Thus, 50% inhibition of biomethane production was observed at level of 215 and 468 mg NH3_N/L under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. However, the methane generation under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions was reduced by 50% when ammonium ion reach concentrations of 3,860 and 5,600 mg NH4+_N/L respectively. Under mesophilic conditions, pH higher than 7 impacted the methanogens bacteria negatively. This threshold pH limit, is variable under thermophilic conditions, depending on the total ammonia concentration.

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