scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome as a Promising Biomarker of Cancer Progression Among Female Never-smokers With Lung Adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Otoshi ◽  
Tatsuya Nagano ◽  
Jonguk Park ◽  
Koji Hosomi ◽  
Tomoya Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Primary Tumor Size ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
T Category

Abstract The gut microbiome plays an important role in the immune system and has attracted attention as a biomarker of diseases, including cancer. As such, in this study, we examined the relationship between the gut microbiome and lung cancer progression. Female never-smokers diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were consecutively enrolled between May 2018 and August 2019, and fecal samples were collected. Principal coordinate analyses were retrospectively performed using Bray-Curtis distance matrices to investigate the effects of clinical variables (age, body mass index, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, T category, N category, M category, primary tumor size, performance status, and EGFR mutation status) on the gut microbial community. A total of 37 patients were enrolled. T category and primary tumor size were significantly correlated with the gut microbial community (p=0.018 and 0.041, respectively). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium was positively correlated with both T category and primary tumor size, whereas the relative abundances of Fusicatenibacter and Bacteroides were negatively correlated with these variables. This is the first study identifying the gut microbiome as a promising biomarker of lung cancer progression. Further elucidation of the role of the gut microbiome in lung cancer progression could facilitate development of new treatments for lung cancer.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome as a Promising Biomarker of Cancer Progression Among Female Never-smokers With Lung Adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Otoshi ◽  
Tatsuya Nagano ◽  
Jonguk Park ◽  
Koji Hosomi ◽  
Tomoya Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Egfr Mutation ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Primary Tumor Size ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
T Category

Abstract Background: The gut microbiome plays an important role in the immune system and has attracted attention as a biomarker of various diseases, including cancer. As such, we examined the relationship between the gut microbiome and lung cancer progression. In addition, we assessed the correlation between the gut microbiome and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status.Methods: Female never-smokers diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were consecutively and prospectively enrolled between May 2018 and August 2019. Fecal samples were collected within 1 month before or after diagnosis and before administration of any lung cancer treatment. Principal coordinate analyses were retrospectively performed using Bray-Curtis distance matrices to investigate the effects of clinical variables (age, body mass index, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, T category, N category, M category, primary tumor size, performance status, and EGFR mutation status) on the gut microbial community. A correlation analysis was also performed to determine the strength of association between the dominant taxonomy (comprising ≥1% of the relative abundance of bacterial DNA sequences) and clinical variables.Results: A total of 37 patients were enrolled. T category and primary tumor size were significantly correlated with the gut microbial community (p=0.018 and 0.041, respectively). At the genus level, a significant positive correlation was observed between the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and both T category (correlation coefficient, R=0.51, p=0.0013) and primary tumor size (R=0.37, p=0.024), whereas a significant negative correlation was observed between the relative abundances of Fusicatenibacter and Bacteroides and T category (R=−0.35, p=0.034 and R=−0.32, p=0.05, respectively) and primary tumor size (R=−0.36, p=0.029 and R=−0.41, p=0.012, respectively). EGFR mutation status had no statistically significant effect on the gut microbial community (p=0.11). However, the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were significantly higher in EGFR mutation–negative patients than EGFR mutation–positive patients (p=0.012 and 0.041), whereas the relative abundance of Blautia was significantly lower in EGFR mutation–negative patients (p=0.036).Conclusions: This is the first study identifying the gut microbiome as a promising biomarker of lung cancer progression. Further elucidation of the role of the gut microbiome in lung cancer progression could facilitate development of new treatments for lung cancer.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome as a Promising Biomarker of Cancer Progression Among Female Never-smokers With Lung Adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Otoshi ◽  
Tatsuya Nagano ◽  
Jonguk Park ◽  
Koji Hosomi ◽  
Tomoya Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Egfr Mutation ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Primary Tumor Size ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
T Category

Abstract Background: The gut microbiome plays an important role in the immune system and has attracted attention as a new biomarker of various diseases, including cancer. As such, in this study, we examined the relationship between the gut microbiome and lung cancer progression. In addition, we assessed the correlation between the gut microbiome and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status.Methods: Female never-smokers diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were consecutively enrolled between May 2018 and August 2019. Fecal samples were collected within 1 month before or after diagnosis and before administration of any lung cancer treatment. Principal coordinate analyses were performed using Bray-Curtis distance matrices to investigate the effects of clinical variables (age, body mass index, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, T category, N category, M category, primary tumor size, performance status, and EGFR mutation status) on the gut microbial community. A correlation analysis was also performed to determine the strength of association between the dominant taxonomy (comprising ≥1% of the relative abundance of bacterial DNA sequences) and clinical variables.Results: A total of 37 patients were enrolled. T category and primary tumor size were significantly correlated with the gut microbial community (p=0.018 and 0.041, respectively). At the genus level, a significant positive correlation was observed between the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and both T category (correlation coefficient, R=0.51, p=0.0013) and primary tumor size (R=0.37, p=0.024), whereas a significant negative correlation was observed between the relative abundances of Fusicatenibacter and Bacteroides and T category (R=−0.35, p=0.034 and R=−0.32, p=0.05, respectively) and primary tumor size (R=−0.36, p=0.029 and R=−0.41, p=0.012, respectively). EGFR mutation status had no statistically significant effect on the gut microbial community (p=0.11). However, the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were significantly higher in EGFR mutation–negative patients than EGFR mutation–positive patients (p=0.012 and 0.041), whereas the relative abundance of Blautia was significantly lower in EGFR mutation–negative patients (p=0.036).Conclusions: This is the first study identifying the gut microbiome as a promising biomarker of lung cancer progression. Further elucidation of the role of the gut microbiome in lung cancer progression could facilitate development of new treatments for lung cancer.

scholarly journals Involvement of FGFR4 Gene Variants on the Clinicopathological Severity in Urothelial Cell Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Dow Tsay ◽  
Ming-Ju Hsieh ◽  
Chia-Yi Lee ◽  
Shian-Shiang Wang ◽  
Chuan-Shu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Urothelial Cell ◽  
Urothelial Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinicopathologic Characteristics ◽  
Allelic Discrimination ◽  
Primary Tumor Size

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) plays a prominent role in cell proliferation and cancer progression. This study explored the effect of FGFR4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the clinicopathological characteristics of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC). This study was conducted to survey the possible correlation of the polymorphism of FGFR4 to the risk and clinicopathologic characteristics of UCC. Four loci of FGFR4 (rs2011077 T > C, rs351855 G > A, rs7708357 G>A, and rs1966265 A > G) were genotyped via the TaqMan allelic discrimination approach in 428 UCC cases and 856 controls. The results indicated that UCC subjects who carried the SNP rs2011077 TC+CC genotypes were significantly related to a higher tumor stage (odds ratio (OR): 1.751, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.078–2.846), primary tumor size (OR: 1.637, 95% CI: 1.006–2.662), and histopathologic grading (OR: 1.919, 95% CI: 1.049–3.511). Moreover, the SNP rs1966265 AG+GG genotypes were prominently related to a higher tumor stage (OR: 1.769, 95% CI: 1.082–2.891), primary tumor size (OR: 1.654, 95% CI: 1.011–2.706), and histopathologic grading (OR: 2.006, 95% CI: 1.096–3.674) compared to individuals with AA homozygotes. In conclusion, our data reveal association of FGFR4 polymorphisms with UCC clinicopathologic characteristics. FGFR4 polymorphisms may serve as a marker or therapeutic target in UCC development.

scholarly journals Management of Synchronous Extrathoracic Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1893
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Jones ◽  
Harry B. Lengel ◽  
Meier Hsu ◽  
Kay See Tan ◽  
Raul Caso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Primary Tumor Resection ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Primary Tumor Size

Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 35 to 40% of newly diagnosed cases of NSCLC. The oligometastatic state—≤5 extrathoracic metastatic lesions in ≤3 organs—is present in ~25% of patients with stage IV disease and is associated with markedly improved outcomes. We retrospectively identified patients with extrathoracic oligometastatic NSCLC who underwent primary tumor resection at our institution from 2000 to 2018. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Factors associated with EFS and OS were determined using Cox regression. In total, 111 patients with oligometastatic NSCLC underwent primary tumor resection; 87 (78%) had a single metastatic lesion. Local consolidative therapy for metastases was performed in 93 patients (84%). Seventy-seven patients experienced recurrence or progression. The five-year EFS was 19% (95% confidence interval (CI), 12–29%), and the five-year OS was 36% (95% CI, 27–50%). Factors independently associated with EFS were primary tumor size (hazard ratio (HR), 1.15 (95% CI, 1.03–1.29); p = 0.014) and lymphovascular invasion (HR, 1.73 (95% CI, 1.06–2.84); p = 0.029). Factors independently associated with OS were neoadjuvant therapy (HR, 0.43 (95% CI, 0.24–0.77); p = 0.004), primary tumor size (HR, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.02–1.35); p = 0.023), pathologic nodal disease (HR, 1.83 (95% CI, 1.05–3.20); p = 0.033), and visceral-pleural invasion (HR, 1.93 (95% CI, 1.10–3.40); p = 0.022). Primary tumor resection represents an important treatment option in the multimodal management of extrathoracic oligometastatic NSCLC. Encouraging long-term survival can be achieved in carefully selected patients, including those who received neoadjuvant therapy and those with limited intrathoracic disease.

scholarly journals Role of lung and gut microbiota on lung cancer pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yuxia Liu ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Zhaoyun Peng ◽  
Xiantao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide (Ferlay et al., Int J Cancer 136:E359–386, 2015). In addition, lung cancer is associated with the highest mortality among all cancer types (Wu et al., Exp Ther Med 16:3004–3010, 2018). Previous studies report that microbiota play an important role in lung cancer. Notably, changes in lung and gut microbiota, are associated with progression of lung cancer. Several studies report that lung and gut microbiome promote lung cancer initiation and development by modulating metabolic pathways, inhibiting the function of immune cells, and producing pro-inflammatory factors. In addition, some factors such as microbiota dysbiosis, affect production of bacteriotoxins, genotoxicity and virulence effect, therefore, they play a key role in cancer progression. These findings imply that lung and gut microbiome are potential markers and targets for lung cancer. However, the role of microbiota in development and progression of lung cancer has not been fully explored. Purpose The aim of this study was to systemically review recent research findings on relationship of lung and gut microbiota with lung cancer. In addition, we explored gut–lung axis and potential mechanisms of lung and gut microbiota in modulating lung cancer progression. Conclusion Pulmonary and intestinal flora influence the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer, and will provide novel strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer.

scholarly journals The phyllosphere microbiome of host trees contributes more than leaf phytochemicals to variation in the Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire gut microbiome structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Mogouong ◽  
Philippe Constant ◽  
Pierre Legendre ◽  
Claude Guertin
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Insect Gut ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

AbstractThe microbiome composition of living organisms is closely linked to essential functions determining the fitness of the host for thriving and adapting to a particular ecosystem. Although multiple factors, including the developmental stage, the diet, and host-microbe coevolution have been reported to drive compositional changes in the microbiome structures, very few attempts have been made to disentangle their various contributions in a global approach. Here, we focus on the emerald ash borer (EAB), an herbivorous pest and a real threat to North American ash tree species, to explore the responses of the adult EAB gut microbiome to ash leaf properties, and to identify potential predictors of EAB microbial variations. The relative contributions of specific host plant properties, namely bacterial and fungal communities on leaves, phytochemical composition, and the geographical coordinates of the sampling sites, to the EAB gut microbial community was examined by canonical analyses. The composition of the phyllosphere microbiome appeared to be a strong predictor of the microbial community structure in EAB guts, explaining 53 and 48% of the variation in fungi and bacteria, respectively. This study suggests a potential covariation of the microorganisms associated with food sources and the insect gut microbiome.

scholarly journals Comparison of Primary Tumor Size in Stage I and III Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 6507-6511 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDGAR PETRU ◽  
CAROLA HUBER ◽  
EVA SAMPL ◽  
JOSEF HAAS
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Primary Tumor Size

scholarly journals Correlation of primary tumor size and axillary nodal status with tumor suppressor gene p53 in breast carcinoma

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brano Topic ◽  
Nebojsa Stankovic ◽  
Dragutin Savjak ◽  
Slavko Grbic
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Nodal Status ◽  
Primary Tumor Size ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Gene P53

Correlation of standard path morphological prognostic parameters, primary tumor size and axillary nodal status with new prognostic factor in breast carcinoma: tumor suppressor gene p53 was analyzed. The studied sample included 65 women who underwent surgery for breast carcinoma at the Surgical Clinic of Clinical Center Banja Luka, from January 1st 1997 till January 1st 1999. Statistical data analysis was performed and correlation of prognostic factors was determined. The majority of authors in this field agree that the primary tumor size and axillary nodal status are the two most important prognostic factors. These factors are the best predictors of prognosis and survival of women who had the tumor and were operated on. Tumor markers were immunohistochemically determined in the last ten years and, according to the majority of authors, are still considered the additional or relative prognostic factors in breast carcinoma. Their prognostic value and significance increase almost daily. Most frequently determined tumor markers are bcl-2, pS2, Ki-67 and p53. There was a positive, directly proportional relationship between primary tumor size and tumor suppressor gene p53, but there was no positive correlation between the axillary nodal status and tumor suppressor gene p53. Significance of determination of new tumor markers as the prognostic factors was emphasized. These markers represent a powerful tool in the early detection and prevention of breast carcinoma.

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