scholarly journals Parental Decision Regret after Consenting to or Refusing Hypospadias Repair: an Australian Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Vavilov ◽  
Elysa Roberts ◽  
Grahame HH Smith ◽  
Malcolm Starkey ◽  
Peter Pockney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypospadias Repair ◽  
Parental Decision ◽  
Decision Regret ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Australian Cohort ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hypospadias Surgery ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract Background: Parental decision regret in hypospadias surgery is a recognised source of long-lasting psycho-social morbidity. Its reported prevalence is high but until now, it has not been studied in Australasian context or among parents who declined the repair for their son. The aim of this study is to report on decision regret in an Australian cohort of parents, including parents who accepted or who declined repair for their son and explore underlying factors for decision-making, satisfaction, and regret. Methods: An online anonymous survey was administered to three groups: 1) parents who consented for hypospadias repair, 2) parents who declined repair and 3) a control group who requested circumcision for their child. Operations occurred between 2010 and 2020. The survey included a validated decision regret assessment tool and additional questions to explore the possible basis of the opinions. Results: One hundred and eighteen parents (eligible 381, response rate 31%) participated. Decision regret was present in group 1 (n=89) – 55% (moderate-to-severe 15%), in group 2 (n= 14) – 71% (moderate-to-severe 57%), and in the control group (n=15) – 15% (moderate-to-severe 8%) of parents. There was a significant difference in the median decision regret score between all three groups. Parents who chose hypospadias repair were mostly concerned about function. They named the direction of the urine from the tip of the penis as the most satisfying outcome, and the appearance of the foreskin and the need for several operations as the least satisfying outcomes of the repair. Conclusions: The prevalence of decision regret among Australian parents who consented for their son’s hypospadias repair was lower compared with the mean decision regret reported in the literature to date (55% vs 65%). Decision regret and its severity were highest among parents who declined hypospadias repair. New strategies are needed to reduce decision regret in parents whether or not they elect for surgery.

Clinical-Reported Outcomes Of Deferoxamine Versus Deferasirox In The Treatment Of Homozygous BetaThalassemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeina A Munim Al-Thanoon ◽  
Zeina A Munim Al-Thanoon ◽  
Mustafa Basil ◽  
Nasih A Al-Kazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Blood ◽  
Group 2

Iron chelation therapy with deferoxamine (DFO),the current standard for the treatment of iron overload in patients with betathalassemia,requires regular subcutaneous or intravenous infusions. This can lead to reduced quality of life and poor adherence,resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in iron-overloaded patients with beta-thalassemia. Deferasirox (DFX) is an orally administered iron chelator that has been approved for use in many countries. The requirement of an effective,well tolerated iron chelator with a less demanding mode of administration has led to the development of deferasirox. The present study was aimed to compare the satisfaction and compliance with deferoxamine versus deferasirox (Exjade®),a novel oral iron chelator in patients with transfusion - dependent beta- thalassemia. A cross-sectional,single-center investigation study was carried out in the Thalassemia Center of Ibn-Atheer Teaching Hospital in Nineveh province,Iraq. One hundred and eight thalassemic patients aged between 2- 20 years old having received multiple blood transfusions and a serum ferritin greater than 1500 ng/ml. Patients were randomised into two groups. Group 1 received deferoxamine at a dose of 20-50mg/kg/day and group 2 received deferasirox at the dose of 10-30 mg/kg/day. Another 56 apparently healthy volunteers were used as a control group. The assessment of chelation was done during the period between November 2013 and February 2014 by measurement of serum ferritin. Satisfaction and compliance was assessed by using a special questionnaire prepared by the researcher. Out of the 108 thalassemic patients enrolled there was no discontinuation in treatment with the two drugs under study. The serum ferritin did not change significantly in any of the chelation groups. In comparison with the patients who were treated with DFO,those receiving DFX reported a significantly higher rate of compliance and satisfaction (P < 0.05). However,no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding their satisfaction (P > 0.05).Compliance with deferasirox (50 %) was more than that with deferoxamine (20 %). Satisfaction with deferoxamine was significantly lower than deferasirox (p= 0.00).

scholarly journals Biomechanical properties of the bone during implant placement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám László Nagy ◽  
Zsolt Tóth ◽  
Tamás Tarjányi ◽  
Nándor Tamás Práger ◽  
Zoltán Lajos Baráth
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Bone Model ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background In this research the biomechanical properties of a bone model was examined. Porcine ribs are used as experimental model. The objective of this research was to investigate and compare the biomechanical properties of the bone model before and after implant placement. Methods The bone samples were divided in three groups, Group 1 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling and placing the implants, Group 2 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling, and implants were not placed, and Group 3 consisting of intact bones served as a control group. Static and dynamic loading was applied for examining the model samples. Kruskal–Wallis statistical test and as a post-hoc test Mann–Whitney U test was performed to analyze experimental results. Results According to the results of the static loading, there was no significant difference between the implanted and original ribs, however, the toughness values of the bones decreased largely on account of predrilling the bones. The analysis of dynamic fatigue measurements by Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences between the intact and predrilled bones. Conclusion The pre-drilled bone was much weaker in both static and dynamic tests than the natural or implanted specimens. According to the results of the dynamic tests and after a certain loading cycle the implanted samples behaved the same way as the control samples, which suggests that implantation have stabilized the skeletal bone structure.

scholarly journals Effect of Oral Losartan on Orthobiologics: Implications for Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bone Marrow Concentrate—A Rabbit Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7374
Author(s):  
Gilberto Y. Nakama ◽  
Sabrina Gonzalez ◽  
Polina Matre ◽  
Xiaodong Mu ◽  
Kaitlyn E. Whitney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Marrow Concentrate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Losartan Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tgf Β1

Recent efforts have focused on customizing orthobiologics, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone marrow concentrate (BMC), to improve tissue repair. We hypothesized that oral losartan (a TGF-β1 blocker with anti-fibrotic properties) could decrease TGF-β1 levels in leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP) and fibrocytes in BMC. Ten rabbits were randomized into two groups (N = 5/group): osteochondral defect + microfracture (control, group 1) and osteochondral defect + microfracture + losartan (losartan, group 2). For group 2, a dose of 10mg/kg/day of losartan was administrated orally for 12 weeks post-operatively. After 12 weeks, whole blood (WB) and bone marrow aspirate (BMA) samples were collected to process LP-PRP and BMC. TGF-β1 concentrations were measured in WB and LP-PRP with multiplex immunoassay. BMC cell populations were analyzed by flow cytometry with CD31, CD44, CD45, CD34, CD146 and CD90 antibodies. There was no significant difference in TGF-β1 levels between the losartan and control group in WB or LP-PRP. In BMC, the percentage of CD31+ cells (endothelial cells) in the losartan group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.008), while the percentage of CD45+ cells (hematopoietic cells-fibrocytes) in the losartan group was significantly lower than the control group (p = 0.03).

A novel approach to radiographic detection of bucco-palatal/lingual dilacerations: A preliminary study with ImageJ

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110307
Author(s):  
Samed Satir ◽  
Muhammed Hilmi Buyukcavus ◽  
Kaan Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spectrum Feature ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Group Group

The purpose of our study is to determine whether bucco-palatal/lingual (BPL) root dilacerations (RD), especially in single root teeth, can be determined using the ImageJ program through only one periapical radiography. Extracted teeth without any RD ( n = 8) were determined as the control group (Group 1) and with RD in apical 1/3 part at least 20° with the longitudinal axis in the BPL direction ( n = 8) as the study group (Group 2). With the help of a simple holder system prepared, digital periapical radiographs of all teeth were taken in an anteroposterior position. Histogram analysis of all periapical radiographs was performed using the spectrum feature of ImageJ software. It was aimed to make a dilaceration analysis by comparing the groups using mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and bin width values. As a result of the Mann-Whitney U test, all mean and maximum values showed a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups ( p < 0.05). This pilot study revealed that the ImageJ software can be used to diagnose BPL dilaceration in the apical 1/3 part of the root. It is important for dentists and patients that it can contribute to limiting the radiation dose to which patients will be exposed.

The effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedure for alleviation of vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran country

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Saadatnia ◽  
Azita Tiznobaik ◽  
Amir Saber
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Psychological Counseling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Objectives Nausea and vomiting have psychological negative effects on some pregnant women during gestation. Different strategies have been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, such as acupressure and psychological interventions. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedures on vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran. Methods Two hundred and eight women were divided into four groups (n=52): 1) they did not any intervention (control group), 2) they received the psychological intervention, 3) they received acupressure intervention, and 4) they received a combination of psychological + acupressure interventions. To investigate the effects of interventions on nausea and vomiting, the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching were used. The counseling period has lasted for 4 weeks. The pressure intervention on the site was conducted in clockwise form for 1 min and anticlockwise form for another 1 min. Results Groups did not have a significant difference for abortion and income (p>0.05). The effects of counseling, and acupressure interventions on severity and period of vomiting and nausea were not significant (p>0.05), but the intervention based on counseling and acupressure decreased severity of vomiting and nausea (p<0.05). Conclusions The intervention based on counseling and acupressure could not reduce nausea and vomiting during the gestation, but the intervention based on a combination of both decreased nausea and vomiting. It can be suggested to apply an intervention based on a combination of counseling and acupressure in short-time period for decreasing nausea and vomiting in women during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Objective assessment of stiffness in Achilles tendinopathy: a novel approach using the MyotonPRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gafin Ericson Morgan ◽  
Rhodri Martin ◽  
Lisa Williams ◽  
Owen Pearce ◽  
Keith Morris
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Musculotendinous Junction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish quantitative values for asymptomatic and symptomatic Achilles tendons.DesignCohort study with a single (cross-sectional) time point of patients diagnosed with unilateral Achilles tendinopathy and an asymptomatic group with comparative homogeneity.MethodsA sample of 50 participants: 25 diagnosed with symptomatic unilateral Achilles tendinopathy (AT group) and 25 with asymptomatic Achilles tendons (control group 2). The asymptomatic side of the AT group was used as a control (control group 1). Measurements at 2 cm intervals on the tendon from its insertion at the calcaneum up to the musculotendinous junction were taken non-weight bearing (NWB) and weight bearing (WB) using the MyotonPRO.ResultsThere was a significant (p<0.005) decrease in natural oscillation frequency (F) at points 2, 3 and 4 of the AT group (NWB condition) and points 2 and 3 for the WB condition. There was a significant (p<0.005) increase in logarithmic decrement (D) at points 2 and 3 signifying a decrease in elasticity. Dynamic stiffness (S) was significantly (p<0.005) reduced in the AT group at points 2 and 3 WB and point 3 WB. There was no significant difference in creep (C) observed between the symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons. There was a significant (p<0.005) increase in mechanical stress relaxation time (R) at point 2 NWB.There was a correlation between body weight and gender on tendon mechanics, with the symptomatic tendons. No significant differences were observed between the control group 1 and control group 2.ConclusionsThe MyotonPRO measured decreased stiffness over a section of the tendon corresponding clinically with Achilles tendinopathy. This may have potential in identifying risk of injury and informing rehabilitation, however further extensive research is required to generate baseline data for specific population groups monitoring variables over time. Age, gender and body mass index appear to have some bearing on the mechanical properties of the tendon but mainly in the tendinopathy group.

scholarly journals Effect of Varicocelectomy on the Frequency of Nocturnal Sperm Emissions

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
Cengiz Kara ◽  
Ozgu Aydogdu ◽  
Ural Oguz ◽  
Mehmet Giray Sönmez
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Postoperative Serum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of nocturnal sperm emissions (NSE) in varicocele patients after varicocele surgery. A total of 127 patients, 96 varicocele (Group 1) and 31 patients with inguinal hernia (Group 2) were included in this study. Mean age, laterality of surgical procedures, spermiogram results, marital status, and postoperative serum hormone levels were noted for all patients. Two groups were compared in terms of Beck depression score (BDS) and anxiety scores (AS). The frequency of NSE and libido changes in the patients during 10 days postoperatively was evaluated. The number of the patients who had NSE and increased libido were significantly higher in the varicocelectomy group when compared with the control group. No significant difference was noted between the groups in terms of BDS, AS, and serum hormone levels. No association was reported between BDS, AS, and serum hormone levels and the presence of NSE in Group 1. The incidence of NSE was higher in younger men. Increased libido was significantly associated with NSE in Group 1. Cord dissection during surgery may be a factor on increased frequency of NSEs in varicocele patients.

scholarly journals What is the impact of methotrexate on liver in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis? Results of liver SWE performed in a single centre

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vildan Güngörer ◽  
Mehmet Öztürk ◽  
Mustafa Yasir Özlü ◽  
Şükrü Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Objectives Long-term therapy with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in treatment of rheumatic diseases, in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate liver elasticity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who received MTX and compare the results with control group. Methods Liver elasticity was evaluated with shear wave elastography (SWE) technique in 25 patients aged 3–17 years who were followed up with JIA and received MTX and compared with 25 healthy controls of the same age and weight. Factors that had an effect on liver elasticity were examined. Results The mean SWE value of patients was 2.64 ± 2.13 m/s and 24.10 ± 18.50 kPa, whereas 1.83 ± 0.16 m/s and 10.09 ± 1.83 kPa in control group. There was a significant difference in liver elasticity in the patient and control groups. When the patients were evaluated as Group 1 (&lt; 1000 mg) and Group 2 (≥ 1000 mg) according to the cumulative MTX dose, no significant difference was obtained. There was positive correlation between liver elasticity and weekly MTX dose and age. Conclusions Our study revealed that liver elasticity significantly decreased in patients who received MTX when compared with the control group. The elastography technique will be understood better over time and used safely in many areas.

scholarly journals Psychological Symptoms in Young Adult Migraineurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Turgay Akalin ◽  
Aysin Sinal
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

We aimed to reveal psychological symptoms of young university students (18-25 y/o) with no secondary disease with complaints of migraine headaches. We compared the psychological symptoms with a young control group that did not present headaches and other studies examining migraines in different age groups to determine any similarities. The study consisted of 75 migraine cases; 13 with aura and 62 without aura) and 42 non-headache control subjects. The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3) with criteria questions and the Psychological Symptom Research Scale were applied to all participants and SPSS Statistics Program evaluated the data. Findings: 1) In the test of Descriptive Statistics for the Sample of Students, average values of both sexes were taken and found the average values of the migraine groups were higher than control group. 2) The Anova Test found differences in the diagnostic group besides depression (Somatisation p<., others p<.01) with no significant difference in depression (p=0.315). 3)The Pearson Correlation Analysis, found no association between age and psychological symptoms. There’s a significant relationship between psychological symptoms with somatisation (besides paranoid) (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between depression and other psychological symptoms (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between anxiety, obsession, interpersonal relationships, psychoticism, paranoia, anger, phobia, additional scale and other psychological symptoms (p<.01). Result: The study demonstrated psychological symptoms in young migraineurs. The average psychological symptoms of both migraine groups were higher than the control group, this showed psychological symptom similarities between young migraineurs and migraine patients of different age groups.

scholarly journals Influence of effective microorganisms on pikeperch nonspecific humoral immunity, general condition, and development

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Terech-Majewska ◽  
Joanna Pajdak-Czaus ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska ◽  
Maciej Rożyński ◽  
Zdzisław Zakęś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Products containing effective microorganisms (EMTM) use microorganisms to work in the environment in which they are applied. EMTM is used in many countries worldwide, mainly in agriculture, including in aquaculture, and in environmental protection. Fish farmers use these products to stimulate effective growth and conditioning and as immunity enhancers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of EMTM Probiotyk (Greenland, Poland) on the development of humoral non-specific resistance in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) in the initial stage of rearing in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). The experimental diet was administered for 28 days with 0% (control group), 2%, and 4% EMTM supplementation. The results from the humoral parameters (Lys, TP, Ig) showed no statistical differences. The only statistically significant difference was noted in Cer for the 4% group. Non-specific humoral-mediated immunity in fish plays a key role in defense against damaging factors. Pikeperch is a fish used for restocking open waters, where fish can be subjected to agrotechnical treatments, including EMTM. The results permitted estimating the potential risks of using EMTM in aquaculture.

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