Analysis of Two Bronze Mirrors With Tin-rich Surface

Black Paint ◽

Metallographic Structure ◽

The Matrix ◽

Bronze Mirrors ◽

Natural Corrosion ◽

Abstract "black lacquer " and “silver lacquer”are very special categories of ancient chinese bronze mirrors, and the cause of the formation of lacquer surface has attracted much attention. In this paper, metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope are used to analyze one "black lacquer " and one “silver lacquer”bronze mirror. The matrix of the two mirrors is copper-tin alloy with lead and the metallographic structure is as cast. The tin-rich layer with uneven thickness exists on the surface of the 2 mirrors. Based on the analysis of tin-rich layer, it is concluded that the“silver lacquer” is intentionally artificial, and its surface is treated with lead-tin amalgam, which is composed of mechanical combination and micro-metallurgy. The "black paint" was formed by natural corrosion in the underground environment.

Fabrication and Properties of Lignin/Castor Oil-Based Composites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1535 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 311-313 ◽

pp. 1535-1538 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hong Juan Wang ◽

Hai Yan Xiao ◽

Feng Qiang Sun ◽

Jian Hua Zhang

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Free Radical ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Morphology And Structure ◽

The Matrix ◽

Facile Route ◽

Novel bio-based composites were developed from maleate castor oil (MACO) and lignin through free radical initiated copolymerization between MACO and diluent monomer styrene(St). The morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical and thermal behaviors of the composites were investigated, which showed the incorporation of a little of lignin in the castor oil based polymer can enhance the tensile properties of the matrix polymer greatly. This work provides a facile route to prepare bio-based composite materials from castor oil and lignin and can be extended to prepare other bio-based materials from reproducible resources.

Scanning acoustic microscopy investigation of melted collagen in thermoplastic leather

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1999.0328 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 2446-2448

Author(s):

A. Wyler ◽

G. Golan

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Acoustic Microscopy ◽

Scanning Acoustic Microscopy ◽

Acoustic Microscope ◽

Microscopy Investigation ◽

The Matrix ◽

Scanning Acoustic Microscope ◽

A scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) has been used to investigate the structure of thermoplastic leather. This material is formed by pressing fibers of leather under high pressure and moderate temperature. The result is a matrix from transformed, melted fibers in which leftover fibers act as reinforcement. Unlike the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the SAM is able to distinguish between completely and incompletely transformed fibers and also to penetrate the material beneath the surface. The results show that the matrix is built as a domain structure. The advantages of the SAM over the SEM for organic materials are indicated.

Mucilaginous film production by plant cells immobilised in a polyurethane or nylon matrix

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b85-337 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (12) ◽

pp. 2357-2363 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

M. J. C. Rhodes ◽

R. J. Robins ◽

R. J. Turner ◽

J. I. Smith

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Light Microscope ◽

Plant Cells ◽

The Matrix ◽

Nylon Fibre ◽

The surface features of plant cells immobilised in a matrix of either reticulated polyurethane foam or nylon fibre have been examined with the scanning electron microscope. It has been found that both cells and matrix are enveloped in a thin film, the appearance of which is very dependent on the method by which material is prepared for scanning electron microscopy. The structure is severely damaged by fixation and dehydration. Only in specimens examined in the frozen hydrated state is a structure seen compatible with that observed with the light microscope. From the way the appearance of the film is affected by different methods of preparation for the scanning electron microscope, it is suggested that the film is a hydrated mucilage. The importance of this film for the retention of cells within the matrix is discussed.

ТHЕ ANALYSIS OF NATURE OF DAMAGE OF THE MATRIX MATERIAL, USED IN PRODUCTION OF DIAMOND DRILLING AND STONE-WORKING TOOLS DURING THE DESTRUCTION OF A ROCKS

10.31713/m1021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olena Vynohradova ◽

◽

Oleksandr Vasylchuk ◽

Anatoly Zakora ◽

Grygorii Petasyuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Diamond Tool ◽

Roughness Element ◽

Matrix Material ◽

Dynamic Interaction ◽

Short Term ◽

The Matrix ◽

In this paper are studied themechanism of matrix damage in rock cutting diamond toolswhen interacting with rock. Earlier, in the sludge obtained during mining with a diamond tool on a block of sandstone of the Torez deposit, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) ZEISS EVO 50 XVP, equipped with Oxford Instruments` Ultim Max 100 energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (elemental analysis) particles were found whose chemical composition corresponded to the matrix material of the tool. According to the theory of M.V. Kirpichev, the complete correspondence of all configuration elements of the individual studied matrix particles and rock particles, which the sludge obtained as a result of work of diamond tool testifies to a single mechanism of brittle fracture of both counterbodies during dynamic interaction. However, the nature of the matrix material indentation, remains, unexplored. On the basis of the hypothesis that the damage to the matrix material of a diamond tool is carried out by roughness elements from the side of the rock, the goal was set to investigate the wear products of a diamond-free insert made from material, used as a matrix in a diamond rock-breaking tool with a short-term dynamic contact with cooling with a rock block However, the nature of the matrix material indentation, remains, unexplored. The originality of the method lies in the fact that in this study, the destructive indenters are not diamond grains, which gouge out particles of the rock, but elements of the roughness of the rock, which damage theexperimental cylindrical free-diamond element from NiSn (6%), having a density of 7.875 g/cm3, performed by the method of intensive sintering. The sludge obtained as a result of a short-term interaction of the experimental element and the rotating block of the rock on the bench was examined using a , using aabove-mentioned scanning electron microscope. The spectral analysis of the removed from the sludge particle of matrix material from which the experimental diamond-free element was made, confirmed the conformity of chemical composition of particle to the chemical composition of the matrix material of the experimental diamond-free sample.Full correspondence of all configurational components of a NiSn particle (6%) obtained by the action of a rock roughness element on a diamond-free insert during their dynamic interaction with all configurational components of wear particles of a diamond tool matrix., according to the similarity theory of M.V. Kirpichev, confirms the above-mentioned hypothesis.

Influence of Ultrasonic Peening on Wear Resistance of U70 Rails

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1471 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 97-101 ◽

pp. 1471-1474 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhao Xia Chen ◽

Bo Lin He

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Plastic Deformation Zone ◽

Wear Property ◽

Ultrasonic Peening ◽

The Matrix ◽

The One ◽

The surface of U70 rails was treated by ultrasonic peening method. Keeping the electric current 1.5 A, the amplitude 24 µm and the frequency 10000 HZ during the treatment, the peening duration was 10 min, 20 min, 40 min and 60 min respectively. The wear property, wear appearance, and structural appearance of specimens have been studied by M-2000 wear tester and 6360LA scanning electron microscope. Results show that ultrasonic peening treatment can significantly improve the wear resistance of U70 rails, and the longer the peening duration, the stronger the wear resistance. The wear mass loss of the specimen with 60 min treatment is only 27 % of the one untreated. The reason is that ultrasonic peening can form plastic deformation zones. The depth of plastic deformation zones increases with the peening duration. The depth of plastic deformation zones of the specimen with 60 min treatment is nearly 100 µm. Longer peening duration means severer plastic deformation. In the plastic deformation zone, ferrite is refined to smaller grains so that the matrix is strengthened.

Phases Evolution and Y Solid Solution Microstructure in the Mg-6Zn-3Y Alloy Solidified under Super-High Pressure

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1347 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 148-149 ◽

pp. 1347-1350

Author(s):

Yun Dong ◽

Xiao Ping Lin ◽

Run Guo Zheng ◽

Shi Hui Jiao

Keyword(s):

Solid Solution ◽

High Pressure ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Dendritic Structure ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

The Matrix ◽

Solidification Pressure ◽

The solidification microstructure of Mg-6Zn-3Y alloy under super-high pressure was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the dendritic structure of Mg-6Zn-3Y alloy under super-high pressure (GPa level) can be evidently refined with the increase of solidification pressure. When the pressure increases to 2 GPa, Y element can’t solubilize in matrix of a-Mg, the primary Y solid solution is distributed in the shape of polygon block in the matrix. When the pressure is up to 4 GPa, the primary Y solid solution appears as symmetrical petaline shape. So Y solid solution exhibits the different morphology with the change of the pressure

Creep Resistance of Polyethylene-based Nanocomposites

Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research ◽

10.48084/etasr.2759 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 4367-4370 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. S. Alghamdi

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Creep Behavior ◽

Creep Resistance ◽

Processing Method ◽

Polyethylene Blend ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

The Matrix ◽

The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanoclay sheets addition on the creep behavior of polyethylene-based nanocomposites synthesized with an in-house processing method. A blend of 75 wt.% UHMWPE and 25 wt.% HDPE, abbreviated to U75H25, was used as the hybrid PE matrix to accommodate the nanofillers. A 0.5 wt.% of CB, CNTs or nanosheets clay was embedded separately into the blend matrix in order to improve the creep resistance. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope showed that the nanofillers were homogeneously dispersed in the U75H25. The addition of just 0.5 wt.% nanoclay resulted in a significant increase in the creep resistance of the polyethylene blend. Conversely, the addition of CB or CNTs caused a reduction in the creep resistance. The embedding of CNTs into the matrix resulted in creep behavior almost close to the creep behavior of pure UHMWPE. The Burger’s model was employed to understand the effect of the nanoparticle addition on the creep mechanism.

Solidification Rate Influence on Microstructure of Composites with Quasicrystal Phase Fraction

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.203-204.48 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 203-204 ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

Jacek Krawczyk ◽

Włodzimierz Bogdanowicz

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Powder Diffraction ◽

Solidification Rate ◽

Structural Perfection ◽

X Ray ◽

The Matrix ◽

Metallographic Observation ◽

Laue Method ◽

The composites of Al61Cu27Fe12alloys containing quasicrystalline and crystalline phases (CQ composites) were obtained by the Bridgman method. The morphology of composites crystallized with different solidification rates was studied. The solidification rate influence on fibrous reinforcement morphology was analyzed. The microsections for analysis were prepared parallel and perpendicular to the direction of crystallization. The optical and the scanning electron microscope were used for metallographic observation. Obtained composites were examined by X-ray powder diffraction and reflective X-ray topography. The Laue method enabled to conclude that the matrix is singlecrystalline. The different level of structural perfection of reinforcement fibres was presented at various solidification rates.

The Alteration of the Pore Spaces in Sandstones

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100071491 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 210-211

Author(s):

R. E. Ferrell ◽

G. G. Paulson

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

The Other ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Depositional Fabric ◽

Soluble Components ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Shape And Size

The pore spaces in sandstones are the result of the original depositional fabric and the degree of post-depositional alteration that the rock has experienced. The largest pore volumes are present in coarse-grained, well-sorted materials with high sphericity. The chief mechanisms which alter the shape and size of the pores are precipitation of cementing agents and the dissolution of soluble components. Each process may operate alone or in combination with the other, or there may be several generations of cementation and solution.The scanning electron microscope has ‘been used in this study to reveal the morphology of the pore spaces in a variety of moderate porosity, orthoquartzites.

The Broad Applications of the Scanning Electron Microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100062002 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 20-21

Author(s):

C. T. Nightingale ◽

S. E. Summers ◽

T. P. Turnbull

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Surface Topography ◽

Great Depth ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Depth Of Field ◽

Pictorial Representations ◽

The ease of operation of the scanning electron microscope has insured its wide application in medicine and industry. The micrographs are pictorial representations of surface topography obtained directly from the specimen. The need to replicate is eliminated. The great depth of field and the high resolving power provide far more information than light microscopy.