scholarly journals Public Health Insurance and Maternal Health Care Utilization in India: Evidence from a 2005-2012 Mothers’ Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Gebremedhin ◽  
Itismita Mohanty ◽  
Theo Niyonsenga
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Public Insurance ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), a conditional cash transfer program in India, incentivized women to deliver at institutions and resulted in a significant increase in institutional births. Another major health policy reform, which could have influenced maternal and child health care (MCH) utilisation, was the public health insurance scheme called Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) launched in 2008. However, there is lack of evidence on how RSBY impacted MCH utilisation in India. This study investigated the impact of health insurance (in particular, the public insurance scheme versus private insurance) on a continuum of MCH utilisation. We also investigated whether maternal empowerment was a significant correlate that affects MCH utilisation. Methods: The study used a multilevel mixed effect ordered logistic regression modelling, using a cohort of mothers whose delivery was captured in both the 2005 and 2011/12 rounds of the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS). We derived indexes for women’s empowerment using Principal component analysis (PCA) technique applied to various indicators of women’s autonomy and socio-economic status. Results: Our results indicated, mothers’ MCH utilization levels vary by district, community and mother over time. The effect of the public insurance scheme (RSBY) on MCH utilisation was not as strong as privately available insurance. However, health insurance was only significant in models that did not control for household and mother level predictors. Our findings indicated that maternal empowerment indicators – in particular, maternal ability to go out of the house and complete chores and economic empowerment - were associated with higher utilization of MCH services. Among control variables, maternal age, education and household wealth were significant correlates that increase MCH service utilization over time. Conclusions: Change in women’s and societal attitude towards maternal care may have played a significant role in increasing MCH utilisation over the study period. There might be a need to increase the coverage of the public insurance scheme given the finding that it was less effective in increasing MCH utilisation. Importantly, policies that aim to improve health services for women need to take maternal autonomy and empowerment into consideration.

scholarly journals Public Medical Insurance and Healthcare Utilization and Expenditures of Older with Chronic Diseases in Rural China: Evidence from NRCMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7683
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Shuntian Sui
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
The Impact

China’s rural older are the threat from chronic diseases, making it important to evaluate the effect of public health insurance on the health care utilization and expenditures with chronic diseases. In 2003, China initiated a public health insurance, which was called the New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NRCMS). NRCMS is a voluntary program, targeting rural residents with government subsidies and individual contribution. Using the two-stage residual inclusion approach (2SRI), we analyzed the impact of NRCMS on health-care service utilization and expenditure of rural older with chronic diseases by using the 2011 and 2013 China Health and Retirement Survey (CHARLS) data. The results showed NRCMS did not play an effective role on improving the medical services utilization of rural older with chronic diseases. Although NRCMS immediate reimbursement significantly reduced the outpatient service fee, the actual outpatient reimbursement is the opposite. In addition, NRCMS did not significantly decrease their hospitalization expense. Policy makers should pay attention to health management about chronic diseases in rural China, and some measures should be taken to deepen the medical security system reform and improve the public health service system.

The Process of Health Legislation Reform in the Republic of Slovenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Insurance Scheme ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Health Legislation ◽  
Care System

AbstractSlovenia was among the first European countries to introduce laws and regulations in the social security field, including public health. The current health legislation is the culmination of a century-long development of the health care system through different periods and diverse political and economic conditions affecting the region. The present organization of the health care system reflects the pattern of partnership which already existed in the former Yugoslavia. The ultimate goal of all countries is to implement health care activities within a system ensuring active participation and partnership of citizens who are universally covered by a public health insurance scheme, health legislators and providers of health services. Slovenia has therefore not been confronted with any major difficulties in implementing health care system reforms. By amending and modifying its health legislation Slovenia will build upon its good points, improve clarity and integrate certain approaches important for the functioning of its health care system in the European Union when Slovenia becomes a full member. Changes are directed towards:strengthening inter-sectoral cooperation and health and safety at work;creating environments supporting a healthy life style and emphasizing personal responsibility for one's own health;— maintaining a unified public health insurance scheme and sufficient financing through employer and employee contributions;— introducing voluntary health insurance;— developing in a controlled way an efficient and effective private medical practice;— strengthening of management in public health institutions and increasing staff's responsibility for business success.— implementing quality improvement systems.

scholarly journals Can the Health-Care System Meet the Challenge of Pandemic Flu? Planning, Ethical, and Workforce Considerations

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Levin ◽  
Eric N. Gebbie ◽  
Kristine Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Care Delivery Systems ◽  
The Impact

The federal pandemic influenza plan predicts that 30% of the population could be infected. The impact of this pandemic would quickly overwhelm the public health and health-care delivery systems in the U.S. and throughout the world. Surge capacity for staffing, availability of drugs and supplies, and alternate means to provide care must be included in detailed plans that are tested and drilled ahead of time. Accurate information on the disease must be made available to health-care staff and the public to reduce fear. Spokespersons must provide clear, consistent messages about the disease, including actions to be taken to contain its spread and treat the afflicted. Home care will be especially important, as hospitals will be quickly overwhelmed. Staff must be prepared ahead of time to assure their ability and willingness to report to work, and public health must plan ahead to adequately confront ethical issues that will arise concerning the availability of treatment resources. The entire community must work together to meet the challenges posed by an epidemic. Identification and resolution of these challenges and issues are essential to achieve adequate public health preparedness.

scholarly journals Authoritarian Regime Legitimacy and Health Care Provision: Survey Evidence from Contemporary China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Duckett ◽  
Neil Munro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
System Support ◽  
Health Care Provision ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Regime Legitimacy

Abstract Context: Over the last two decades a growing body of research has shown authoritarian regimes trying to increase their legitimacy by providing public goods. But there has so far been very little research on whether or not these regimes are successful. Methods: This article analyzes data from a 2012–2013 nationally representative survey in China to examine whether health care provision bolsters the communist regime’s legitimacy. Using multivariate ordinal logistic regression, we test whether having public health insurance and being satisfied with the health care system are associated with separate measures of the People’s Republic of China’s regime legitimacy: support for “our form of government” (which we call “system support”) and political trust. Findings: Having public health insurance is positively associated with trust in the Chinese central government. Health care system satisfaction is positively associated with system support and trust in local government. Conclusions: Health care provision may bolster the legitimacy of authoritarian regimes, with the clearest evidence showing that concrete benefits may translate into trust in the central government. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between trends in provision and legitimacy over time and in other types of authoritarian regime.

Between the Waves: Building Power for a Public Option

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
The Waves

Abstract Given the close division of power in D.C., how might health reformers pursue their bolder aims? In particular, how might they pursue the robust public option that is a centerpiece of Joe Biden’s reform proposal? This ambitious plan, which would allow all Americans to enroll in subsidized public health insurance, is not in the cards right now. However, I argue for conceiving of it as an inspiring vision that can structure immediate initiatives designed to make its achievement more feasible. First, I explain just how far-reaching the mainstream vision of the public option now is. Second, I describe a self-reinforcing path to that endpoint that involves what I call “building power through policy”—using the openings that are likely to exist in the near term to reshape the political landscape for the long term. This path has three key steps: (1) pursuing immediate improvements in the ACA that are tangible and traceable yet do not work against the eventual creation of a public option; (2) building the necessary policy foundations for a public option, while encouraging progressive states to experiment with state public plan models; and (3) seeding and strengthening movements to press for more fundamental reform.

Using Art to Engage the Public in Hygiene and Sanitation Research

Utafiti ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-110
Author(s):  
Kiagho Kilonzo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Health Care Research ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Health Records ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The twentieth century saw a huge increase worldwide in the presence of the arts in organisations and institutions involved in healthcare activities, including public health care research conducting in various countries. This article shows the impact of using art to engage literate and non-literate people in the pro-active translation of research outcomes into their own cultural practices and their personal decisions affecting their health status. The study demonstrates that art can be of use changing social behaviour and therefore to improve public health records in statistically significant ways. This work also demonstrates that the term ‘art’ refers to more than a means of entertainment and passive appreciation of aesthetics; the effectiveness of art is tangible and its impact is measurable as a mode of education, and as providing a deeply needed instructive incentive for hygienic and sanitation transformation.

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