Sequence Analysis of Several Ancient River Blocking Events in the Suwalong Reach of the Upper Jinsha River Based on Multidisciplinary Approaches, SE Tibetan Plateau

Abstract The temporary or permanent river blocking event caused by mass movement usually occurs on steep terrain. With the increase of mountain population and land use pressure and the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, river blocking event has gradually attracted people’s attention and understanding. The study area (Wangdalong-Gangda reach) is located in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River and the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Affected by strong tectonic activity in the Jinsha River suture zone and the rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, in the past 6000 years, there have been at least five obvious river blocking events in the reach of about 30 km in the study area. The number and density are very rare. Combined with the field investigation, indoor interpretation, laboratory tests, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, SBAS-InSAR and previous studies, multidisciplinary approaches are used to systematically summarize the analysis methods and further the understanding of one river blocking event and multiple river blocking events from difference perspectives. Especially in multiple river blocking events, we could get the wrong results, even the opposite conclusion if interaction is not considered. Through this study, the general method of analyzing the river blocking event and the problems that should be paid attention to in sampling are given, and relatively reliable historical results of river blocking events are obtained. This method has extensive applicability to the identification and analysis of river blocking events in other areas.

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Extension of the Upper Yellow River into the Tibet Plateau: Review and New Data

Quaternary ◽

10.3390/quat4020014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Zhengchen Li ◽

Xianyan Wang ◽

Jef Vandenberghe ◽

Huayu Lu

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Yellow River ◽

Google Earth ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The Yellow River ◽

Published Data ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Large Lakes ◽

River Terraces ◽

The Tibet Plateau

The Wufo Basin at the margin of the northeastern Tibet Plateau connects the upstream reaches of the Yellow River with the lowland catchment downstream, and the fluvial terrace sequence in this basin provides crucial clues to understand the evolution history of the Yellow River drainage system in relation to the uplift and outgrowth of the Tibetan Plateau. Using field survey and analysis of Digital Elevation Model/Google Earth imagery, we found at least eight Yellow River terraces in this area. The overlying loess of the highest terrace was dated at 1.2 Ma based on paleomagnetic stratigraphy (two normal and two reversal polarities) and the loess-paleosol sequence (12 loess-paleosol cycles). This terrace shows the connections of drainage parts in and outside the Tibetan Plateau through its NE margin. In addition, we review the previously published data on the Yellow River terraces and ancient large lakes in the basins. Based on our new data and previous researches, we conclude that the modern Yellow River, with headwaters in the Tibet Plateau and debouching in the Bohai Sea, should date from at least 1.2 Ma. Ancient large lakes (such as the Hetao and Sanmen Lakes) developed as exorheic systems and flowed through the modern Yellow River at that time.

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A field investigation on debris flows in the incised Tongde sedimentary basin on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau

10.1002/essoar.10505709.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Liqun Lyu ◽

Mengzhen Xu ◽

Zhaoyin Wang ◽

Yifei Cui ◽

Koen Blanckaert

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Debris Flows ◽

Sedimentary Basin ◽

Field Investigation ◽

The Tibetan Plateau

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A field investigation on debris flows in the incised Tongde sedimentary basin on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2021.105727 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 105727

Author(s):

Liqun Lyu ◽

Mengzhen Xu ◽

Zhaoyin Wang ◽

Yifei Cui ◽

Koen Blanckaert

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Debris Flows ◽

Sedimentary Basin ◽

Field Investigation ◽

The Tibetan Plateau

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Evaluation of Noah-MP Land-Model Uncertainties over Sparsely Vegetated Sites on the Tibet Plateau

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11050458 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 458

Author(s):

Guo Zhang ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Yueli Chen ◽

Jianduo Li ◽

Xindong Peng

Keyword(s):

Heat Flux ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Sensible Heat Flux ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Annual Total ◽

The Impact

The water budget and energy exchange over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) region play an important role on the Asian monsoon. However, it is not well presented in the current land surface models (LSMs). In this study, uncertainties in the Noah with multiparameterization (Noah-MP) LSM are assessed through physics ensemble simulations in three sparsely vegetated sites located in the central TP. The impact of soil organic matter on energy flux and water cycles, along with the influence of uncertainties in precipitation are explored using observations at those sites during the third Tibetan Plateau Experiment from 1August2014 to31July2015. The greatest uncertainties are in the subprocesses of the canopy resistance, soil moisture limiting factors for evaporation, runoff (RNF) and ground water, and surface-layer parameterization. These uncertain subprocesses do not change across the different precipitation datasets. More precipitation can increase the annual total net radiation (Rn), latent heat flux (LH) and RNF, but decrease sensible heat flux (SH). Soil organic matter enlarges the annual total LH by ~26% but lessens the annual total Rn, SH, and RNF by ~7%, 7%, and 39%, respectively. Its effect on the LH and RNF at the Nagqu site, which has a sand soil texture type, is greater than that at the other two sites with sandy loam. This study highlights the importance of precipitation uncertainties and the effect of soil organic matter on the Noah-MP land-model simulations. It provides a guidance to improve the Noah-MP LSM further and hence the land-atmosphere interactions simulated by weather and climate models over the TP region.

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Neoproterozoic Amdo and Jiayuqiao microblocks in the Tibetan Plateau: Implications for Rodinia reconstruction

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/b35632.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yiming Liu ◽

Yuhua Wang ◽

Sanzhong Li ◽

M. Santosh ◽

Runhua Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

South China ◽

Tectonic Setting ◽

Parental Magma ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

Geochemical Data ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

South China Craton ◽

Neoproterozoic Magmatism ◽

T Values

The Tibetan Plateau is composed of several microblocks, the tectonic affinity and paleogeographic correlations of which remain enigmatic. We investigated the Amdo and Jiayuqiao microblocks in central Tibet Plateau with a view to understand their tectonic setting and paleogeographic position within the Neoproterozoic supercontinent Rodinia. We present zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope, and whole-rock geochemical data on Neoproterozoic granitic gneisses from these microblocks. Zircon grains from the Jiayuqiao granitic gneiss yielded an age of 857 ± 9 Ma with variable εHf(t) values (−8.9 to 4.0). The Amdo granitic gneisses yielded ages of 893 ± 5 Ma, 807 ± 5 Ma, and 767 ± 11 Ma, with εHf(t) values in the range of −4.9 to 3.5. Geochemically, the granitoids belong to high-K calc-alkaline series, with the protolith derived from partial melting of ancient crustal components. The ascending parental magma of the Amdo granitoids experienced significant mantle contamination as compared to the less contaminated magmas that generated the Jiayuqiao intrusions. In contrast to the Lhasa, Himalaya, South China, and Tarim blocks, we suggest that the Amdo and Jiayuqiao microblocks probably formed a unified block during the Neoproterozoic and were located adjacent to the southwestern part of South China craton. The Neoproterozoic magmatism was probably associated with the subduction of the peripheral ocean under the South China craton and the delamination of lithospheric mantle beneath the Jiangnan orogen.

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ESR geochronology of the Minjiang River terraces at Wenchuan, eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau, China

Geochronometria ◽

10.2478/s13386-013-0129-2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 360-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chun-Ru Liu ◽

Gong-Ming Yin ◽

Hui-Ping Zhang ◽

Wen-Jun Zheng ◽

Pierre Voinchet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Fluvial Sediments ◽

River Terrace ◽

Eastern Margin ◽

River Terraces ◽

Quaternary Climate ◽

Minjiang River ◽

Longmen Shan Fault

Abstract The Minjiang River terrace along the Longmen Shan fault zone near Wenchuan, at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, China, provides archives for tectonic activity and quaternary climate change. However, previous studies were not able to provide ages older than 100 ka due to the limitations of dating material or/and methods applied to date the fluvial sediments. In this study, we used the ESR signal of the Ti-Li center in quartz to obtain the ages of four higher terraces (T3–T6). According to the results, the terraces T3 to T6 were formed at 64±19 ka, 101±15 ka, 153±33 ka, and 423±115 ka, respectively. Combined with previous studies, these results indicate that the formations of all terraces correspond to glacial/interglacial transition periods, such as, T1-T5 being correlated to MIS2/1, MIS4/3, MIS5d/5c, and MIS6/5e respectively, while T6 probably to MIS12/11. According to these data, it is found that the average incision rate was significantly higher over the last 150 ka than that previous 100 ka (250 to 150 ka). As both tectonics and climate have affected the formation of these terraces, in addition to the overall uplifting of Tibetan Plateau, the regional uplift due to isostasy would be an additional tectonic factor in the formation of river terraces in the eastern margin of Tibetan plateau.

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A Spatial and Temporal Continuum Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture Dataset of the Tibet Plateau From 2002 to 2015

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-20846 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yaokui Cui ◽

Chao Zeng ◽

Jie Zhou ◽

Xi Chen

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Land Surface ◽

European Space Agency ◽

Remotely Sensed ◽

General Regression Neural Network ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Space Agency ◽

Spatio Temporal

Abstract:Surface soil moisture plays an important role in the exchange of water and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere, and critical to climate change study. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), known as &#8220;The third pole of the world&#8221; and &#8220;Asia&#8217;s water towers&#8221;, exerts huge influences on and sensitive to global climates. Long time series of and spatio-temporal continuum soil moisture is helpful to understand the role of TP in this situation. In this study, a dataset of 14-year (2002&#8211;2015) Spatio-temporal continuum remotely sensed soil moisture of the TP at 0.25&#176; resolution is obtained, combining MODIS optical products and ESA (European Space Agency) ECV (Essential Climate Variable) combined soil moisture products based on General Regression Neural Network (GRNN). The validation of the dataset shows that the soil moisture is well reconstructed with R2 larger than 0.65, and RMSE less than 0.08 cm3 cm-3 and Bias less than 0.07 cm3 cm-3 at 0.25&#176; and 1&#176; spatial scale, compared with the in-situ measurements in the central of TP. And then, spatial&#160;and&#160;temporal&#160;characteristics and trend of SM over TP were analyzed based on this dataset.Keywords: Soil moisture; Remote Sensing; Dataset; GRNN; ECV; Tibetan Plateau

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Huge Landslides along the Jinsha River in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau and Their Association with the Recent Activity of Jinsha River Fault Zone

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2815 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zufeng Chang ◽

Hao Chang ◽

Zebin Mao ◽

Ruojin Guo

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Fault Zone ◽

Large Scale ◽

Late Quaternary ◽

Average Rate ◽

Economic Losses ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Jinsha River ◽

Water Storage Capacity ◽

Barrier Lake

&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; The Jinsha river fault zone in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is an old suture structure after the shutting of the proto-Tethys and a large scale ultra-lithosphere fault zone consisted of&#160; 5 to 6 fault branches with a width of 50km, have a long&#160;&#160;geological evolution history. Since late Quatery, this fault zone is mainly dominated by dextral strike slip with partial thrusting component, absorbing &#160;partial energy of the extrusion movement of&#160;&#160;Tibetan Plateau. Along the fault zone, lower terraces of Jinsha river at Muronglou, Buzhong, Langzhong, Guxue, etc. were displaced, indicating the fault zone is active in late Quaternary, with an average rate of 3.5&#65374;4.3mm/ /yr. horizontally and 0.9-1.1mm/yr. vertically respectively in Holocene. Influenced by the intense fault activity of Jinsha river fault zone, this region is characterized by fractured rocks, strongly weathered surfaces.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; The Jinsha river, the upstream of the Yangtze river, parallel to Jinshajiang fault zone, flows from north to south, forming deep river valley and huge terrain elevation difference. Numerous huge landslides have developed along the river, for example, there are 23 giant avalanches in the 38 km long reach from Narong to Rongxue, with general volumes of 10~70 million m3 and even up to several hundreds million m3. Moreover, the landslides produce many loose clastic fragments which detonate many debris flows and river blocking. The latest disaster event is the Baige barrier lake in 2018 caused by landslide, with a water storage capacity of 524 million m3, causing tens of billions of yuan of economic losses. These landslides are distributed along the fault and its two sides, suggesting that these huge avalanches are closely related to the intense activity of the fault zone and special topography.Keywords: Huge landslide, Jinsha River, Jinsha River Fault Zone, late Quatery activity

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Deep deformation process of the NE Tibetan Plateau: evidence from receiver function imaging

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-7581 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

yifang chen ◽

jiuhui chen

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Seismic Velocity ◽

Receiver Function ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Deformation Mode ◽

Receiver Functions ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Waveform Data ◽

The North

The deformation of Qilian Orogenic Belt, which is the uplifting front of the northeastern Tibet Plateau, plays a decisive role in understanding the dynamic process of the area uplift. Many of the tectonic processes models of the Tibetan Plateau growth, which are based on geophysical and geological studies, have been conducted in recent years. However, the deformation mode of northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NETP) remains controversial for lack of sufficient proofs. We used teleseismic waveform data collected from the China Array seismic experiment during 2013-2015 and QL temporary stations during 2016-2017. In this study, we used the 3-D Common Conversion Point (CCP) technique (with the P/S receiver functions) to obtain detailed seismic velocity discontinuities structure of lithosphere beneath the NETP and Alxa block. Our preliminary results can be summarized as follows: 1) The Lithosphere asthenosphere boundary (LAB) lies at a depth pf 110-140 km in Alxa platform, deepens below the North Qilian mountain (160-170 km ) which has been inserted by lithosphere of Central Qilian, between the South Qilian suture zone (SQL) and the north of the Songpan-Ganzi Terranes (160-170 km). 2) The main features in the crust include offset of Moho beneath NQLF, shallower crust thickness below between the NQLF and LSSF and a continuous positive interface over the Moho in the north of the LSSF. 3) According to our observation and previous studies, we suppose that lithosphere had been passive underthrust and localized crust had been shortened and thickened in the NETP.

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