scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of the Utility of Liquid Metal Gallium as a Contrast Agent for CT Hepatic Artery Angiography in Living Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Ionic Contrast

Abstract CT angiography (CTA) technology, as a non-invasive or minimally invasive examination method, is commonly used in the clinic to obtain vascular network images, and iodinated contrast agents play a vital role in it. At present, the second-generation non-ionic contrast agent ioversol are most commonly used in CTA, but its preparation process is complicated, the manufacture technology of it is high, and it is associated with some adverse drug reactions (ADRs), such as allergies and drug toxicity. In this work, based on the low melting point (29.78℃) and low viscosity of liquid metal gallium, it was used for the first time as an angiographic contrast agent for in vivo hepatic artery angiography. According to the statistical analysis of the smallest visible diameter of the hepatic artery and the contrast effect between the blood vessels and their surrounding tissues in CT images, we confirmed that compared with CT imaging using ioversol for hepatic artery angiography, that using liquid metal gallium produced more intuitive and excellent vascular imaging effects.In other words, the use of liquid metal gallium as an angiographic contrast agent has a certain value in living organ angiography. However, the lower overall image quality and higher side-effects of liquid metal gallium in CTA indicate that the use of liquid metal gallium as a contrast agent for living organs still needs to overcome some problems, such as the metallic artefacts and its hypertonicity. Only in this way can liquid metal gallium become a potential contrast agent candidate for angiography in animal experiments and possibly even in the clinical.

In Vivo Peritoneal Surface Area Measurement in Rats by Micro-Computed Tomography (μCT)

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Breton ◽  
Philippe Choquet ◽  
Laure Bergua ◽  
Mariette Barthelmebs ◽  
Börje Haraldsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Peritoneal Surface ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Fill Volume

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) uses the dynamic dialysis properties of the peritoneal membrane. The fraction of the anatomic peritoneal surface area (PSA) recruited is of importance for maximizing exchanges and is potentially impacted by parameters such as fill volume. We describe an in vivo assessment of the contact surface area by micro-computed tomography (μCT) using an iodinated contrast medium added to the PD fluid, a contrast agent presumed without surfactant property. In the isotropic volume (reconstructed voxel size 186 μm x 186 μm x 186 μm), the iodinated PD fluid is automatically selected, thanks to its contrast difference with soft tissues, and its surface area is computed. The method was first tested on phantoms showing the ability to select the PD fluid volume and to measure its surface area. In vivo experiments in rat consisted of μCT acquisition of rat abdomen directly after intraperitoneal administration (10 mL/100 g rat body weight) of a dialysis fluid containing 10% by volume iodinated contrast agent. Fluorescein isothiocyanate albumin was used as dilution marker. We found a strong linear relationship ( R2 = 0.98) between recruited PSA (cm2) and rat weight (g) in the range of 235 to 435 g: recruited PSA = (1.61 weight + 40.5) cm2. Applying μCT with a fill volume of 10 mL/100 g rat body weight, the in vivo measured PSA was in the order of magnitude of the ex vivo anatomic PSA as determined by Kuzlan's formula, considered in most instances as the maximal surface area that can be recruited by PD fluid. This new methodology was the first to give an in vivo high-resolution isotropic three-dimensional (3-D) determination of the PSA in contact with dialysate. Its sensitivity allows us to take into account the recruitment of fine 3-D structures of the PSA membrane that were not accessible to previous 2-D-based imaging methodologies. Its in vivo application also integrates the physiological natural tensile stress of tissues.

scholarly journals In Vivo Evaluation of a Miniaturized Fluorescence Molecular Tomography (FMT) Endoscope for Breast Cancer Detection Using Targeted Nanoprobes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9389
Author(s):  
Hao Yang ◽  
Weipin Qian ◽  
Lily Yang ◽  
Huikai Xie ◽  
Huabei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Fluorescence Molecular Tomography ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Nir Dye

In this study, in vivo animal experiments with 12 nude mice bearing breast-cancer-patient-tissue-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors were performed aiming to verify the imaging capability of a novel miniaturized fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) endoscope, in combination with targeted nanoparticle–near-infrared (NIR) dye conjugates. Tumor-bearing mice were divided into two groups by systematic injection with urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-targeted (n = 7) and nontargeted (n = 5) imaging nanoprobes as a contrast agent, respectively. Each mouse was imaged at 6, 24, and 48 h following the injection of nanoprobes using the FMT endoscope. The results show that systemic delivery of targeted nanoprobes produced a 4-fold enhancement in fluorescence signals from tumors, compared with tumors that received nontargeted nanoprobes. This study indicates that our miniaturized FMT endoscope, coupled with the targeted nanoparticle–NIR dye conjugates as a contrast agent, has high sensitivity and specificity, and thus great potential to be used for image-guided detection and removal of a primary tumor and local metastatic tumors during surgery.

scholarly journals Study of Hepatic Artery Cone-beam Imaging by Low-rate Injection in Iodinated Contrast Agent

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Osawa ◽  
Tadafumi Takano ◽  
Akihiko Hanawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Minami ◽  
Hiroshi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Low Rate

scholarly journals 4-D Micro-CT of the Mouse Heart

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 153535002005041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian T. Badea ◽  
Boma Fubara ◽  
Laurence W. Hedlund ◽  
G. Allan Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Maximum Enhancement ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Iodinated Contrast

Purpose: Demonstrate noninvasive imaging methods for in vivo characterization of cardiac structure and function in mice using a micro-CT system that provides high photon fluence rate and integrated motion control. Materials and Methods: Simultaneous cardiac- and respiratory-gated micro-CT was performed in C57BL/6 mice during constant intravenous infusion of a conventional iodinated contrast agent (Isovue-370), and after a single intravenous injection of a blood pool contrast agent (Fenestra VC). Multiple phases of the cardiac cycle were reconstructed with contrast to noise and spatial resolution sufficient for quantitative assessment of cardiac function. Results: Contrast enhancement with Isovue-370 increased over time with a maximum of ~500 HU (aorta) and 900 HU (kidney cortex). Fenestra VC provided more constant enhancement over 3 hr, with maximum enhancement of ~620 HU (aorta) and ~90 HU (kidney cortex). The maximum enhancement difference between blood and myocardium in the heart was ~250 HU for Isovue-370 and ~500 HU for Fenestra VC. In mice with Fenestra VC, volumetric measurements of the left ventricle were performed and cardiac function was estimated by ejection fraction, stroke volume, and cardiac output. Conclusion: Image quality with Fenestra VC was sufficient for morphological and functional studies required for a standardized method of cardiac phenotyping of the mouse.

scholarly journals A novel CT contrast agent for intestinal-targeted imaging through rectal administration

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 754-762
Author(s):  
Jingyao Zhu ◽  
Hao Weng ◽  
Shichen Xie ◽  
Jiejun Cheng ◽  
Jun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Rectal Administration ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Rectal Route ◽  
Ct Contrast Agent ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Targeting Ability ◽  
Ct Contrast

Abstract In this study, a novel CT contrast agent used by rectal administration is developed for targeting intestinal imaging. Iopamidol, an iodinated contrast agent, is loaded in chitosan (CS) nanospheres modified by Anti-5-HT3R (AH) antibody. The obtained AH-CS-I nanospheres (AH-CS-I Ns) would combine to 5-HT3 receptors highly expressed on the gastrointestinal mucosal, enhancing the intestinal-targeting ability of the contrast agent. The AH-CS-I Ns were administered by the rectal route for intestinal CT imaging, and FITC-labeled AH-CS-I Ns were prepared for investigating the in vivo distribution of the contrast agent. As a result, obvious contrast enhancement could still be observed at 6 h post administration because of the poorly absorption of enteral AH-CS-I Ns. Unlike the intravascularly administered agents, AH-CS-I Ns would not accumulate in the kidney and induce adverse reactions. Therefore, this technology has potential applications in the examination of intestinal diseases and could reduce the side effect of commercial iopamidol.

scholarly journals Immediate adverse reactions to intravenous iodinated contrast media in computed tomography

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Cavalcanti Juchem ◽  
Clarice Maria Dall'Agnol
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Ionic Contrast ◽  
South Of Brazil

This exploratory-descriptive, non-experimental quantitative research aimed to learn about immediate adverse reactions to intravenous iodinated contrast media in hospitalized patients submitted to computed tomography at a teaching hospital in the South of Brazil. During the study period, all adverse reactions showed mild intensity, at a frequency of 12.5% with ionic iodinated contrast media, and 1% with non-ionic contrast agent. The extravasation of contrast occurred in 2.2% of the injections in a peripheral vein without complications in any of the cases. The results are within the limits cited in international literature and suggest that tomography service professionals should know their own rates of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agent, as well as the conditions in which they occur, in order to obtain evidence to evaluate the respective care delivery processes.

Abstract 1935: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent Targeted Towards Activated Platelets Allows In Vivo Detection of Thrombosis and Monitoring of Thrombolysis

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin von zur Muehlen ◽  
Dominik Elverfeldt ◽  
Julia Moeller ◽  
Robin Choudhury ◽  
Christoph Hagemeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Signal Void

Platelets are the key to thrombus formation in atherothrombosis and play a major role in plaque rupture. Non-invasive imaging of activated platelets would be of great clinical interest. Here, we evaluate the ability of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent consisting of microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO) and a single-chain antibody targeting ligand-induced binding sites (LIBS) on activated GPIIb/IIIa to image carotid artery thrombosis and. Anti-LIBS or control antibody were conjugated to 1μm-sized MPIOs (LIBS-MPIO/control-MPIO). Non-occlusive wall-adherent thrombi were induced in BL/6 mice using 6% ferric chloride. MRI (at 9.4 Tesla) of the carotid artery was performed once before (figure , A) and repeatedly in 12min long sequences after LIBS-MPIO/control-MPIO injection. After 36min, a significant signal void, which is the typical effect of iron oxide-based contrast agents, was observed with LIBS-MPIO (figure , B), but not control-MPIO (P<0.01) and corresponded to LIBS-MPIO binding as confirmed by histology. After thrombolysis, in LIBS-MPIO injected mice the signal void subsided, indicating successful thrombolysis (figure , C). On histology, MPIO-content of thrombus, as well as thrombus size, correlated significantly with LIBS-MPIO-induced signal void (both P<0.01). LIBS-MPIO allows in vivo MRI of activated platelets with excellent contrast properties and monitoring of thrombolytic therapy. This approach represents a novel non-invasive technique allowing rapid detection and quantification of platelet-containing thrombi, such as found on the surface of ruptured atherosclerotic plaques.

Contrast enhancement of iohexol-cisplatin-gelatin complex under computed tomography imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Wei-Hung Liu ◽  
Yang-Kao Wang ◽  
Chi-Chang Wu ◽  
Win-Pin Deng ◽  
Kuang-Hsun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ct Contrast Agent ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Ct Contrast

Abstract X-ray computed tomography (CT) is one of the most powerful non-invasive diagnostic techniques nowadays. The iodinated molecules used as CT contrast agents in the clinic have short circulation times in the body, which significantly restrict its applications. Furthermore, some patients are hypersensitive to iodine. So, researchers have made tremendous efforts to improve the property of iodine. Besides, cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride (cisplatin), a major chemo agent for cancer treatment, possess higher X-ray attenuation coefficient being a CT contrast agent. The incorporation of cisplatin with an iodinated agent could facilitate the quality of CT images and damage cancer cells simultaneously. To reduce toxicity of a contrast agent, polymer matrix, gelatin, was incorporated for avoiding contact with nontarget cells. In this study, we combined the iodine contrast agent, 1,3-N-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5-[N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido]-2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide (iohexol), with cisplatin, and then examined them in a micro CT with different X-ray tube voltages (50 kV, 80 kV, 100 kV) to find optimal scanning conditions for imaging. As expected, iohexol combined with cisplatin enhanced X-ray attenuation and image contrast. The optimal CT image could be acquired at iohexol and cisplatin concentrations of 50 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml, respectively, under 80 kV irradiation. Finally, the iohexol-cisplatin-gelatin solution was then fabricated into nanoparticles of sizes about 240 nm, which may suitable for in vivo delivery.

scholarly journals A Novel Biomimetic Nanoprobe as a Photoacoustic Contrast Agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Ao Shen ◽  
Rui Peng ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
Shitao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tumor Specificity ◽  
Membrane Coating ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

Specific detection of tumors is of pivotal importance to cancer prevention and therapy yet a big challenge. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) as an emerging non-invasive modality has shown great potential in biomedical and clinical applications. The performance of PAI largely depends on the light-absorption coefficient of the imaged tissue and the PAI contrast agent being used, either endogenously or exogenously. The exogenous contrast agents developed so far have greatly helped to improve PAI, but still have some limitations, such as lack of targeting capacity and easy clearance by the host immune system. Herein, we fabricated a biomimetic nanoprobe with cell membrane coating as a novel PAI contrast agent, namely, MPD [membrane-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/dye]. In brief, the organic dye 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) was encapsulated by the Food and Drug Administration–approved polymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), to form polymer nanoparticles by emulsification. The nanoparticles are further coated with the cancer cell membrane to form MPD. MPD has outstanding biocompatibility, tumor specificity, and in vivo stability. Thus, MPD is a versatile NIR-I theranostic nanoplatform for PAI-guided cancer diagnosis and therapy.

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