scholarly journals Quantitative Measurement of Toxic Metals and Assessment of Health Risk in Plant-based Food from Markazi Province of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Karimi ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Mohammad Rezaei ◽  
Mahsa Alikord ◽  
Majid Arabameri
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient

Abstract The aim of current study is to measurement and investigate the toxic metals levels in plant-based food collected in Markazi province and human health risk by using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The levels of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in all samples were lower than LOD, while level of Cd in potato samples were lower than permitted limit of European commission (EC). The highest mean of toxic metals were observed for lead (Pb) in legume samples (562.17 µg kg− 1). Mercury (Hg) and Pb levels in all samples were higher than LOD, while Pb level in wheat samples were lower than of EC. The rank order of Hg and Pb levels in all samples based on target hazard quotient (THQ) value was wheat > potato > legume. The 95% THQ index of Hg and Pb for adults in wheat samples were 2.59E + 00 and 7.19E-01, in potato samples were 2.07E-01 and 1.64E-01; in legume samples were1.41E-01 and 6.61E-02respectively, while in the case of children, the 95% THQ index of Hg and Pb in wheat samples were 8.90E + 00 and 2.44E + 00; in potato samples were 1.17E + 00 and 5.81E-01; in legume samples were4.77E-01 and 2.20E-01 respectively. The high hazard index values were estimated, indicating a high health risk from consumption of wheat and potato.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics and health risk assessment of potential toxic elementsin atmospheric PM10 around Ashaka cement factory, Gombe, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Chukwuma Okoye ◽  
◽  
Chukwuma Okoye ◽  
Jonnie Asegbeloyin ◽  
Janefrances Ihedioha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Cement Factory ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Mass Concentrations

The study determined the ambient mass concentrations, chemical composition and health risks associated with PM10 around Ashaka cement factory, Gombe, Nigeria. The samples were collected for the period (2019-2020). A total of 60 PM10 samples were collected and analyzed for seventeen elements using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The data collected were analyzed for descriptive and inferential statistics. The health risk was analyzed for hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR). The average annual PM10 mass concentrations were found to be higher than the annual limit value for air quality standards (40 μgm-3). The HI estimated were >1 for children, while CR values of Cd, Ni, As and Cr for children and Cr for adults were higher than the acceptable value 10-6, indicating children are more probable to develop cancer than adults.

Metal Concentrations in Samples of Frozen Cephalopods (Cuttlefish, Octopus, Squid, and Shortfin Squid): An Evaluation of Dietary Intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 1867-1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sangiuliano ◽  
C. Rubio ◽  
A. J. Gutiérrez ◽  
D. González-Weller ◽  
C. Revert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Common Squid ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

ABSTRACT Cephalopods are an important source of nutrients and some of the most widely consumed marine foods. However, because of contamination of the oceans and the bioaccumulative nature of toxic metals, these foods may pose a health risk. For this reason, the concentrations of some trace elements (chromium [Cr], lithium, strontium [Sr], copper [Cu], and nickel) and toxic metals (aluminum [Al], cadmium, and lead) were determined in 65 frozen samples of cuttlefish, octopus, common squid, and shortfin squid by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry to evaluate dietary intake and toxic risk. Sr was the major trace element (3.03 mg/kg) in cuttlefish; however, Cu (1.57 mg/kg) was found in the highest concentration in common squid. Among the toxic metals, Al had the highest concentration (3.09 mg/kg) in common squid. Al can pose an important health risk to individuals with kidney problems and to children because these groups are most vulnerable to the toxic effects. Significant differences among the four cephalopod types were found in the concentrations of most of the metals examined. Taking into account the average consumption of cephalopods, the contribution of toxic metals does not pose a risk to the health of adults.

Levels, Daily Exposures, and Health Risk Assessment of Pesticides and Toxic Metals in Fruits of Lycium Barbarum L. (Goji berries) Sourced from Different Locations in Ningxia, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahong Zhang ◽  
Jiaqi Qin ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tongning Zhou ◽  
Ningchuan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Goji Berries

Abstract Background: The berries of Lycium barbarum L. (Goji) are widely used as a Chinese traditional herbal medicine and functional food because of their reported beneficial pharmacological effects. However, there are reports of Goji berries being contaminated by chemical residues that could pose a hazard to humans. Methods: In this study, samples of L. barbarum L. berries were collected from plantations in a genuine production area and supermarkets in Ningxia, China. The major hazardous chemicals, including pesticides (dichlorvos, omethoate, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, malathion, and deltamethrin) and toxic metals (lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, zinc, and arsenic), were quantified by gas chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. In addition, associated daily exposures and health risks were determined using deterministic and probabilistic assessments. Results: The levels of five pesticides from the plantation samples were considerably lower than the maximum residue limits; only dichlorvos was detected in the supermarket samples, and deltamethrin was not detected in any samples. Copper, zinc, arsenic, lead, nickel and cadmium were detected in samples from both sources. The hazard quotient values of individual hazardous chemicals and the hazard index of combined hazardous chemicals were considerably less than 1, indicating the absence of a non-carcinogenic effect of hazardous chemical exposures through Goji berry consumption. The R value of arsenic was much less than 10-6, which shows that consumption of the Goji berries had no obvious carcinogenic risks. Conclusions: The potentially harmful effects of the L. barbarum L. are more likely from berries obtained from plantations than those from supermarkets, and heavy metal exposure is more dangerous than pesticide exposure. However, on the basis of our analysis, no population would be exposed hazardous chemicals exceeding existing standards, and the factors most affecting the health risk were exposure frequency and arsenic content.

scholarly journals Toxic and heavy metals contamination assessment in soil and water to evaluate human health risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Ahmad ◽  
Rima D. Alharthy ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Mahmood Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

AbstractDue to urbanization and industrialization, there has been an increase in solid waste generation and has become a global concern and leakage of leachate from landfills contaminate the soil and groundwater and hence can have a severe impact on human health. The present study aimed to determine the composition of toxic metals (Cr, Mn, Cu, As) and heavy metals (Cd, Ba, Hg, Pb) in soil and water by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). To ensure accuracy during the analysis of Cr, Mn, Cu, As, Cd, Ba, Hg, and Pb in real samples, certified reference material (CRM, SRM 2709a) of San Joaquin soil and water (SRM 1640a) were analyzed and results were presented in terms of % recovery studies. The mean concentration of all the metals in soil and water did not exceed the limit set by the European Community (EU), WHO, and US EPA except Cu where the permissible limit defined by the EU is 50–140 mg/kg in soil. The soil is uncontaminated to moderately contaminated with respect to all metals except the Cu and Pb. Among the average daily dose (ADD) of soil, ADDing and ADDinh for children had the maximum dose for all metals than adults while ADDderm was higher in adults. Hazard quotient (HQ) trend in both adults and children was found in order HQing > HQderm > HQinh of soil for all metals except Ba which followed HQing > HQinh > HQderm. Hazard index (HI) values of soil for Cr and Pb in children were 7 and 7.5 times higher than adults respectively. Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) value for Cr by different exposure pathways of soil was 5.361 × 10−4 for children which are at the lower borderline of risk for cancer.

scholarly journals Quantitative measurement of toxic metals and assessment of health risk in agricultural products food from Markazi Province of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Karimi ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Mohammad Rezaei ◽  
Mahsa Alikord ◽  
Majid Arabameri
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Emission Spectrometry

AbstractThe current study aims to investigate the levels of the toxic metal in agricultural products (legumes, wheat, and potato) collected in Markazi province, Iran, and human health risk by using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The levels of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in all samples were lower than the limit of detection (LOD), while the level of Cd in potato samples was lower than the maximum permisible level (MPL) of the European commission (EC). The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk assessment by direct ingestion of agricultural products was calculated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method. The highest mean of toxic metals was observed for lead (Pb) in legume samples (562.17 μg kg− 1). Mercury (Hg) and Pb levels in all samples were higher than LOD, while Pb level in wheat samples were lower than of EC. The rank order of Hg and Pb levels in all samples based on target hazard quotient (THQ) value was wheat> potato>legume. The THQ index of Hg and Pb by the deterministic method in wheat was 1.37 and 0.454; in potato 0.139 and 0.104; in legume 0.092 and 0.41, respectively. The carcinogenic risk index was at an acceptable range. The high hazard index values were estimated and the THQ index for Hg in wheat suggests a non-negligible health risk.

scholarly journals HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK FROM SELECTED FISH IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chima Fausta Nnodum ◽  
Kafeelah Abosede Yusuf ◽  
Comfort Adetutu Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient

Abstract: Introduction : Heavy metals are known to cause deleterious effects on human health through food chain. Aims: The study is aimed at assessing heavy metal concentrations in the tissues of four highly consumed fish species and to evaluate the potential health risks associated with their consumption. Materials and Methods: The concentrations of Cu, Cd and Pb were analyzed in the tissues of Titus (Scomber Japonicus), Croaker (Pseudolithus Elongatus), Scumbia (Ilisha Africana) and Shrimps (Pipeus Notialis) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) after digestion of the samples. Results: The results showed that Cd was not detected in the tissues of all fish species. There were variations among Cu and Pb concentrations in the tissues of the fish species. Cu had the highest concentrations (1.00 µg/g) in the tissues of croaker and shrimps respectively while Pb had the lowest concentrations (0.25 µg/g) in the tissues of Scumbia . The levels of all metals in the present study were lower than the limits permitted by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), European Community Regulation (EU) and European Commission (EC). Assessment of noncarcinogenic health hazard using Target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) indicated no concern from consumption of these fish species. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of the studied metals through fish consumption was below the permissible tolerable daily intake. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no potential human health risk from consumption of the selected fish species. Keywords: Heavy metals, Hazard index, Target hazard quotient.

scholarly journals Levels and health risk assessment of pesticides and metals in Lycium barbarum L. from different sources in Ningxia, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahong Zhang ◽  
Jiaqi Qin ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tongning Zhou ◽  
Ningchuan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Goji Berries

AbstractThe berries of Lycium barbarum L. (Goji) are widely used as a Chinese traditional herbal medicine and functional food because of their reported beneficial pharmacological effects. However, there are reports of Goji berries being contaminated by chemical residues that could pose a hazard to humans. In this study, samples of L. barbarum L. berries were collected from plantations in a genuine production area and supermarkets in Ningxia, China. The major hazardous chemicals, including pesticides (dichlorvos, omethoate, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, malathion, and deltamethrin) and metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As)), were quantified by gas chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. In addition, associated daily exposures and health risks were determined using deterministic and probabilistic assessments. The levels of five pesticides from the plantation samples were considerably lower than the maximum residue limits; only dichlorvos was detected in the supermarket samples, and deltamethrin was not detected in any samples. Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Ni and Cd were detected in samples from both sources. The hazard quotient values of individual hazardous chemicals and the hazard index of combined hazardous chemicals were considerably less than 1, indicating the absence of a non-carcinogenic effect of hazardous chemical exposures through Goji berry consumption. The R value of As was much less than 10–6, which shows that consumption of the Goji berries had no obvious carcinogenic risks. The potentially harmful effects of the L. barbarum L. are more likely from berries obtained from plantations than those from supermarkets, and metal exposure is more dangerous than pesticide exposure. However, on the basis of our analysis, no population would be exposed hazardous chemicals exceeding existing standards, and the factors most affecting the health risk were exposure frequency and As content.

scholarly journals Element contents and health risk assessment in wild edible mushrooms of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirsada Salihovic ◽  
Mirha Pazalja ◽  
Aida Šapčanin ◽  
Biljana P. Dojčinović ◽  
Selma Špirtović-Halilović
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Wild Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Potential Health

The content of macro- and microelements in dry samples of mushrooms of the species Macrolepiota procera, Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius, collected at different areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was determined using the ICP-OES method (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). Of the macroelements, K is the most represented, followed by S, P, Mg, and the least represented Ca and Na. Zn is the most represented of the essential microelements, followed by Fe, Se, Cu, Mn and Co. Al is the most abundant of the other trace elements followed by Ni and Cr. Of the toxic metals, the most represented is Cd, followed by Pb and As. There are differences in the concentration of micro- and macroelements in the mushrooms analysed, depending on the area from which they were collected because natural geology and geochemistry influence the content of macro- and microelements in wild edible mushrooms. The results show that the analysed mushrooms can be considered a good source of essential elements. The study also assessed potential health risks of heavy metals and the target hazard quotient (THQ) for As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr in the analysed mushrooms was lower than the safe level. The carcinogenic risk index revealed that Cd and Ni are the most prevalent pollutants in the mushrooms studied.  

Integrated approach to quality indices and health risk assessment of water in the Bahr Yusuf Canal, Fayoum, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E.M. Hassouna ◽  
Mohamed E. Goher ◽  
Seliem M. El-Sayed ◽  
Reda A.A.A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Aquatic Life

Abstract The Bahr Yusuf Canal is the life artery of the Fayoum Province, which provides the province with two thirds of the freshwater quota from the Nile River. The present work was carried out to assess the suitability of water in the Bahr Yusuf Canal for various purposes and to assess the potential health risk associated with metal content. The results showed that the water quality of Bahr Yusuf was classified as poor and very poor for recreational use according to the Oregon WQI. On the other hand, the Aquatic Toxicity Index indicated the suitability of water for all fish species. The Canadian WQI and the Weighted Arithmetic WQI classified the canal water as good (WQI = 92), fair (WQI = 73) & marginal (WQI = 64) and excellent, poor to good & good to excellent for irrigation, drinking and aquatic life, respectively. Despite the significant contamination of water with heavy metals (as indicated by the Heavy Pollution Index, ranging from 104.44 to 206.32, from 16.81 to 38.48 and from 219.07 to 472.24 μg l−1), the Hazard Quotient (HQ) and the Hazard Index (HI) data indicate that water of Bahr Yusuf does not pose a human health risk through ingestion or dermal contact. In general, the study showed that water in the Bahr Yusuf Canal is characterized by different levels of pollution, which requires rapid and critical intervention by responsible authorities to prevent the discharge of different types of waste and further deterioration of the water quality during the lifetime of the channel and its subsequent rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Safety Evaluation of Potential Toxic Metals Exposure from Street Foods Consumed in Mid-West Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. C. Ekhator ◽  
N. A. Udowelle ◽  
S. Igbiri ◽  
R. N. Asomugha ◽  
Z. N. Igweze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Street Food

Objective. Street-vended foods offer numerous advantages to food security; nevertheless, the safety of street food should be considered. This study has investigated the level of potential toxic metal (Pb, Cd, Hg, Sb, Mn, and Al) contamination among street-vended foods in Benin City and Umunede. Methods. Twenty street food samples were purchased from vendors at bus stops. Metals were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The methods developed by the US EPA were employed to evaluate the potential health risk of toxic metals. Results. The concentrations of the toxic metals in mg/kg were in the range of Pb (0.014–1.37), Cd (0.00–0.00017), Hg (0.00–0.00014), Sb (0.00–0.021), Mn (0.00–0.012), and Al (0.00–0.22). All the toxic metals except Pb were below permissible limit set by WHO, EU, and USEPA. The daily intake, hazard quotient, and hazard index of all toxic metals except for Pb in some street foods were below the tolerable daily intake and threshold value of 1, indicating an insignificant health risk. Total cancer risk was within the priority risk level of 1.0E-04 but higher than the acceptable risk level of 1E-06. Conclusion. Consumption of some of these street foods is of public health concern.

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