Floods Risk Mapping and Assessing Vulnerability of Morang, Nepal

Digital Elevation ◽

Two Factors ◽

Flooding Risk ◽

Elevation Model ◽

The One ◽

Abstract Background: The impact of flooding rises due to unplanned settlements, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. This study tries to address these issues by mapping flood risk places and assessing their impact on population and household.Methods: This study used the dataset available in Google Earth Engine (GEE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Central Bureau Statistics (CBS), Earth Data for preparing slope, drainage density, digital elevation model, rainfall, land use map, and soil map. These maps create using GEE and QGIS through overlay analysis that has two factors. The one is influence and other slopes, and it has provided high and low value according to its role on flooding.Results: The risk assessment shows around twenty-four percent population is at higher risk, whereas more than three thousand settlements are prone to flooding. It depicts a significant increasing trend of floods in the Morang district.Conclusion: This settlement risk map can help determine the flood safe and very high-risk areas in the Morang district. It will support residential places' planning by the local government, urban planners, and community people to reduce flooding risk.

Floods Risk Mapping and Assessing Vulnerability of Morang, Nepal

10.21203/rs.3.rs-150717/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pawan Thapa ◽

Narayan Thapa

Keyword(s):

Drainage Density ◽

Google Earth ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Two Factors ◽

Flooding Risk ◽

Elevation Model ◽

The One ◽

Abstract Background: The impact of flooding rises due to unplanned settlements, especially in developing countries. This study tries to address these issues by mapping flood risk places and assessing their impact on population and household.Methods: This study used the dataset available in Google Earth Engine (GEE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Central Bureau Statistics (CBS), Earth Data for preparing slope, drainage density, digital elevation model, rainfall, land use map, and soil map. These maps create using GEE and QGIS through overlay analysis that has two factors. The one is influence and other slopes, and it has provided high and low value according to its role on flooding.Results: The risk assessment shows around twenty-four percent population is at higher risk, whereas more than three thousand settlements are prone to flooding. It depicts a significant increasing trend of floods in the Morang district.Conclusion: This settlement risk map can help determine the flood safe and very high-risk areas in the Morang district. It will support residential places' planning by the local government, urban planners, and community people to reduce flooding risk.

Mapping Floods Risk and Assessing Flood Vulnerability for Settlement Areas

10.21203/rs.3.rs-150717/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pawan Thapa ◽

Narayan Thapa

Keyword(s):

Drainage Density ◽

Google Earth ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Two Factors ◽

Flooding Risk ◽

Elevation Model ◽

The One ◽

Abstract Background The impact of flooding rises due to unplanned settlements, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. This study tries to address these issues by mapping flood risk places and assessing their impact on population and household. Methods This study used the dataset available in Google Earth Engine (GEE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Central Bureau Statistics (CBS), Earth Data for preparing slope, drainage density, digital elevation model, rainfall, land use map, and soil map. These maps create using GEE and QGIS through overlay analysis that has two factors. The one is influence and other slopes, and it has provided high and low value according to its role on flooding. Results The risk assessment shows around twenty-four percent population is at higher risk, whereas more than three thousand settlements are prone to flooding. It depicts a significant increasing trend of floods in the Morang district. Conclusion This settlement risk map can help determine the flood safe and very high-risk areas in the Morang district. It will support residential places' planning by the local government, urban planners, and community people to reduce flooding risk.

Nutritional analysis and evaluation of the consumer acceptance of pork pâté enriched with cricket powder - preliminary study

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2019-0015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Krzysztof Smarzyński ◽

Paulina Sarbak ◽

Szymon Musiał ◽

Paweł Jeżowski ◽

Michał Piątek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Consumer Acceptance ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

High Quality Protein ◽

Nutritional Analysis ◽

Insects As Food ◽

The One ◽

Consumer Assessment ◽

AbstractThe growing interest in insects as food ingredients on the one hand is controversial, on the other is in line with the recommendations of international organizations, such as the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Crickets, as well as cricket powder (CP), are a source of high quality protein, fat, vitamins and minerals. This paper analyzes the impact of CP additive (2%, 6% and 10%) on the nutritional value and consumer acceptance of enriched pâtés. It was shown that the CP additive significantly increases the content of protein, fat and minerals. It also changes the color of the product, which is darker (lower L* value), and the color balance is shifted towards the blue. Consumer assessment showed that the 2% CP additive allows to obtain a product of high attractiveness for consumers.

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

EXPLORATION OF LAND RESOURCES FOR ANALYSING THE SUITABILITY OF SELECTED CROPS IN AN ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT OF THRISSUR DISTRICT, KERALA

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w6-435-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-3/W6 ◽

pp. 435-437

Author(s):

K. Shyju ◽

K. Kumaraswamy

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Suitability ◽

Model Soil ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Administrative Unit ◽

Elevation Model ◽

United Nations Food ◽

Physical And Chemical

Abstract. The fitness of land for a defined use is termed as land suitability. The aim of the study is to find the land suitability of for selected crops examining the indicators of land suitability. The study focuses on analysing suitability of agricultural crops in Pazhayannur Block of Thrissur District. Pazhayannur is the administrative unit (block) in the east of the Talapilli Taluk of Thrissur District in Kerala. The physical and chemical characteristics of the soils of Pazhayannur block like texture, depth, slope, erosion, pH, salinity and soil available primary nutrients (NPK), secondary nutrients and micronutrients are identified. The slope of the terrain using Cartosat-Digital Elevation Model, soil erosion, rainfall and land capability is analysed for suitability classification. Land suitability is studied for the selected crops like paddy, banana, coconut, and rubber. The weighted overlay analysis in GIS is adopted for the analysis. The parameters are weighted based on its class and its influence in suitability of specific crops. The results on agricultural land suitability for individual crops were divided into 5 categories according to the land suitability classification of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). It is identified that Pazhayannur has potential for the cultivation of the selected crops. The crops show high suitability (S1) in minor proportion and moderate suitability (S2) is found in 30 percent and above and marginal suitability (S3) is noticed in lesser areas. There is few portion of land which is currently not suitable for cultivation (N1) because of its topographic limitations. The restricted areas of forest are permanently not suited for agriculture (N2).

Gully Initiation on the Quartzite Ridges of Ibadan, South West, Nigeria

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-1186 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Olutoyin Fashae ◽

Rotimi Obateru ◽

Adeyemi Olusola

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Head Width ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Extensive Surface ◽

Elevation Model ◽

The One ◽

Gullies are morphological evidences that reflect the impact of environmental changes on landscape. In an attempt to emphasize the importance of topography on gully initiation and development in an area of uniform geology, this study examined the morphological characteristics of hillslope and the role of topographic mechanism in gully initiation on a quartzite terrain of Ibadan, South western Nigeria. Four prominent quartzite ridges exist in Ibadan namely Mokola, Mapo, Eleyele and Ojoo, each of which except the latter is characterized with significant gully systems. Field measurement was carried out to determine the gully morphological characteristics such as length, width, depth, area and depth of gully head, width/depth ratio, gully sinuosity and gully shape while Digital Elevation model (DEM) was used to examine the slope-area relationship. The slope-drainage area threshold was established for each of the gully systems. &#160;The average gully density of the study area is 2.48km/km2 and the gully frequency is 9.72 gullies/km2. Although an investigation into the variation of the gully morphology and initiation show that human activities and vegetation are contributary factors to their development. However, topographic characteristics exhibit a dominant role in the gullying process. The ridges were observed to trend in NNW-SSE direction with slope angles ranging between 5o and 30o. The inverse relationship derived between the topography and gully dimension (r = 0.462), suggested that gully initiation processes are dominant on gently sloping ridges due to extensive surface area on a deeply weathered regolith that enhances fluvial processes of material detachment on the one hand and anthropogenic conditions on the other hand. Thus, further geomorphological assessment of landform units in Ibadan is necessary with a view of identifying potential geomorphic risk prone areas, an essential component of risk management for dense urban areas of the tropics.

Flood vulnerability assessment in the Accra Metropolis, southeastern Ghana

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-021-01463-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin Wullobayi Dekongmen ◽

Amos Tiereyangn Kabo-bah ◽

Martin Kyereh Domfeh ◽

Emmanuel Daanoba Sunkari ◽

Yihun Taddele Dile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drainage Density ◽

Geological Structures ◽

Flood Vulnerability ◽

Rock Types ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Annual Population ◽

Density Values ◽

High Runoff ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Very High

AbstractFloods in Ghana have become a perennial challenge in the major cities and communities located in low-lying areas. Therefore, cities and communities located in these areas have been classified as potential or natural flood-prone zones. In this study, the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Accra Metropolis was used to assess the drainage density and elevation patterns of the area. The annual population estimation data and flood damages were assessed to understand the damages and population trend. This research focused primarily on the elevation patterns, slope patterns, and drainage density of the Accra Metropolis. Very high drainage density values, which range between 149 and 1117 m/m2, showed very high runoff converging areas. High drainage density was also found to be in the range of 1117–1702 m/m2, which defined the area as a high runoff converging point. The medium and low converging points of runoff were also found to be ranging between 1702–2563 m/m2 and 2563–4070 m/m2, respectively. About 32% of the study area is covered by natural flood-prone zones, whereas flood-prone zones also covered 33% and frequent flood zones represent 25%. Areas in the Accra Metropolis that fall in the Accraian and Togo series rock types experience high floods. However, the lineament networks (geological structures) that dominate the Dahomeyan series imply that the geological structures in the Dahomeyan series also channel the runoffs into the low-lying areas, thereby contributing to the perennial flooding in the Accra Metropolis.

A new vector-based global river network dataset accounting for variable drainage density

Scientific Data ◽

10.1038/s41597-021-00819-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Peirong Lin ◽

Ming Pan ◽

Eric F. Wood ◽

Dai Yamazaki ◽

George H. Allen

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Flow Direction ◽

River System ◽

Drainage Density ◽

River Network ◽

River Networks ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Machine Learning Approach ◽

Elevation Model ◽

National Hydrography Dataset

AbstractSpatial variability of river network drainage density (Dd) is a key feature of river systems, yet few existing global hydrography datasets have properly accounted for it. Here, we present a new vector-based global hydrography that reasonably estimates the spatial variability of Dd worldwide. It is built by delineating channels from the latest 90-m Multi-Error-Removed Improved Terrain (MERIT) digital elevation model and flow direction/accumulation. A machine learning approach is developed to estimate Dd based on the global watershed-level climatic, topographic, hydrologic, and geologic conditions, where relationships between hydroclimate factors and Dd are trained using the high-quality National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHDPlusV2) data. By benchmarking our dataset against HydroSHEDS and several regional hydrography datasets, we show the new river flowlines are in much better agreement with Landsat-derived centerlines, and improved Dd patterns of river networks (totaling ~75 million kilometers in length) are obtained. Basins and estimates of intermittent stream fraction are also delineated to support water resources management. This new dataset (MERIT Hydro–Vector) should enable full global modeling of river system processes at fine spatial resolutions.

Impact of Ex-Closure in above and below Ground Carbon Stock Biomass

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12020130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Gedion Tsegay ◽

Xiang-Zhou Meng

Keyword(s):

Carbon Emissions ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Scientific Journal ◽

Resource Assessment ◽

Forest Loss ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Below Ground ◽

Globally, there is a serious issue in carbon stock due to high deforestation and the loss of land, limited carbon storage pools in aboveground and underground forests in different regions, and increased carbon emissions to the atmosphere. This review paper highlights the impact of exclosures on above and below ground carbon stocks in biomass as a solution to globally curb carbon emissions. The data has been analyzed dependent on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Forest Resource Assessment report (FRA, 2020), and scientific journal publications mostly from the last decade, to show the research results of carbon stock and the impact of exclosures, particularly the challenges of deforestation and erosion of land and opportunities of area exclosures to provide a general outlook for policymakers. Overall, the world’s forest regions are declining, and although the forest loss rate has slowed, it has still not stopped sufficiently because the knowledge and practice of exclosures are limited. The global forest loss and carbon stock have decreased from 7.8 million ha/yr to 4.7 million ha/yr and from 668 gigatons to 662 gigatons respectively due to multiple factors that differ across the regions. However, a move toward natural rehabilitation and exclosures to reduce the emissions of Greenhouse Gas (GHGs) is needed. In the global production of carbon, the exclosure of forests plays an important role, in particular for permanent sinks of carbon.

Profiles of Food Insecurity: Similarities and Differences across Selected CEE Countries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14165070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (16) ◽

pp. 5070

Author(s):

Hanna Dudek ◽

Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak ◽

Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Household Composition ◽

Eastern European ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Development Goals ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Food security (FS) is influenced by primarily financial but also sociodemographic factors. Identification of correlates of food insecurity (FI) is a crucial issue in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. The aims of the study were: (1) to recognize FI in the selected Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, (2) to examine common socioeconomic and demographic characteristics for FI. The analysis used the set of eight-item FI indicators adopted by the Food and Agriculture Organization, applying the Gallup World Poll survey data from 2017 to 2019. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine FI at mild and moderate or severe levels compared with FS. Differences in the profiles of FI were observed in analyzed countries: Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia. Lithuanians experienced the lowest FS, and Slovaks the highest. The FI status was associated with education, gender, age, household composition and income. It was found that the impact of these factors was not the same in the examined countries. Differences in profiles of FI in CEE countries indicate the need to analyze the problem individually for each country. Identifying groups particularly vulnerable to FI may allow appropriate targeting of instruments counteracting FI and adapt them to people with different characteristics.

Reconstructing Pre-Industrial Long Distance Roads in a Hilly Region in Germany, Based on Historical and Archaeological Data

Studies in Digital Heritage ◽

10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23283 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 642-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Irmela Herzog

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Lidar Data ◽

Long Distance ◽

Early 19Th Century ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Hilly Region ◽

Local Accuracy ◽

Cost Paths ◽

Elevation Model ◽

The One

The aim of this contribution is on the one hand to map pre-industrial long distance roads located in a hilly region east of Cologne, Germany, as exactly as possible and on the other hand to assess the accuracy of least-cost approaches that are increasingly applied by archaeologists for prehistoric road reconstruction. Probably the earliest map covering the study area east of Cologne dates back to 1575. The map is distorted so that rectification is difficult. But it is possible to assess the local accuracy of the map and to transfer the approximate routes to a modern map manually. Most of the area covered by the 1575 map is also depicted on a set of more accurate maps created in the early 19th century and a somewhat later historical map set (ca. 1842 AD). The historical roads on these rectified historical maps close to the approximate roads were digitized and compared to the outcomes of least-cost analysis, specifically least-cost paths and accessibility maps. Based on these route reconstructions with limited accuracy, Lidar data is checked to identify remains of these roads. Several approaches for visualizing Lidar data are tested to identify appropriate methods for detecting sunken roads. Possible sunken roads detected on the Lidar images were validated by checking cross sections in the digital elevation model and in the field.