scholarly journals Angiotensin-(1-7) Oral Formulation Improves Physical Performance in Mountain Bike Athletes: a Double-blinded Crossover Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Silva de Moura ◽  
Adália Táci Pereira Mendes ◽  
Francisco de Assis Dias Martins Júnior ◽  
Nádia Lúcia Totou ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Double Blinded

Abstract Background: The ECA2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis is shown to be involved in effects mediated by physical exercise, as it can induce the release of nitric oxide (ON) and bradykinin (BK), which are potent vasodilators. The vasodilating action the NO/BK can contribute to increased metabolic efficiency in muscle tissue and central nervous system. The formulation HPβ-CD-Ang-(1-7) through its mechanisms of action can be a promising supplement to aid in the maintenance and improvement of performance and may also favor recovery during competitions. The premise of this study was to investigate the effects of acute oral supplementation HPβ-CD-Ang-(1-7) on the performance of mountain bike (MTB) practitioners. Methods: Fourteen recreational athletes, involved in training programs for at least one year, participated in this crossover design study. Subjects underwent two days of testing with a seven-day interval. HPβ-CD-Ang-(1-7) (1.75 mg) and HPβCD-Placebo were provided in capsules three hours prior to tests. To determine the safety of the HPβ-CD-Ang-(1-7) formulation associated with physical effort, cardiovascular parameters heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were analyzed. Physical performance was measured using maximal oxygen uptake (VO2), total exercise time (TET), mechanical work (MW), mechanical efficiency (ME), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Respiratory exchange coefficient (REC), lactate and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were measured. Maximal incremental tests were performed on a progressively loaded leg cycle ergometer. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of HR or BP at rest and maximum effort between the HPβ-CD-Ang-(1-7) and placebo groups. The VO2max showed significant differences (p = 0.04). It was higher in the Ang-(1-7)condition (66.15 mlO2.kg-1.min-1) compared to the placebo (60.72 mlO2.kg-1.min-1). This was also observed for TET (Ang-(1-7) 39.10 min vs. placebo 38.14 min; p = 0.04), MW (Ang-(1-7) 156.7 vs. placebo 148.2; p = 0.04), and at the lowest RPE (Ang-(1-7) vs. placebo; p = 0.009). No significant differences were observed for REC, NEFAs, or Lactate.Conclusion: These results suggest that HPβ-CD-Ang-(1-7) improves the physical performance of MTB recreational athletes and could be a promising supplement.Trial registration: RBR-2x56pw8, registered January 15th, 2021.

scholarly journals Angiotensin-(1-7) oral formulation improves physical performance in mountain bike athletes: a double-blinded crossover study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Silva de Moura ◽  
Adália Táci Pereira Mendes ◽  
Francisco de Assis Dias Martins-Júnior ◽  
Nádia Lúcia Totou ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Total Exercise Time ◽  
Double Blinded

Abstract Objective This study examined the effects of HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) oral supplement on performance of mountain bike (MTB) athletes. Methods Fourteen recreational athletes, involved in training programs for at least one year, participated in this crossover design study. Subjects underwent two days of testing with a seven-day interval. HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) (1.75 mg) and HPβCD-Placebo were provided in capsules three hours prior to tests. To determine the safety of the HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) formulation associated with physical effort, cardiovascular parameters heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were analyzed. Physical performance was measured using maximal oxygen uptake (VO2), total exercise time (TET), mechanical work (MW), mechanical efficiency (ME), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Respiratory exchange coefficient (REC), lactate and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were measured. Maximal incremental tests were performed on a progressively loaded leg cycle ergometer. Results There were no significant differences in terms of HR or BP at rest and maximum effort between the Ang-(1–7) and placebo groups. The VO2max showed significant differences (p = 0.04). It was higher in the Ang-(1–7)condition (66.15 ml/kg/min) compared to the placebo (60.72 ml/kg/min). This was also observed for TET (Ang-(1–7) 39.10 min vs. placebo 38.14 min; p = 0.04), MW (Ang-(1–7) 156.7 vs. placebo 148.2; p = 0.04), and at the lowest RPE (Ang-(1–7) vs. placebo; p = 0.009). No significant differences were observed for REC, NEFAs, or Lactate. Conclusion These results suggest that HPβ-CD-Ang-(1–7) improves the physical performance of MTB recreational athletes and could be a promising supplement.

scholarly journals Combined Effect of Arginine, Valine, and Serine on Exercise-Induced Fatigue in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Tsuda ◽  
Makoto Yamaguchi ◽  
Teruyuki Noma ◽  
Eiji Okaya ◽  
Hiroyuki Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Double Blinded

Although several kinds of amino acids (AAs) are known to affect physiological actions during exercise, little is known about the combined effects of a mixture of several AAs on fatigue during exercise. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an AA mixture supplement containing arginine, valine, and serine on exercise-induced fatigue in healthy volunteers. These AAs were selected because they were expected to reduce fatigue during exercise by acting the positive effects synergistically. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial was conducted. Thirty-nine males ingested an AA mixture containing 3600 mg of arginine, 2200 mg of valine, and 200 mg of serine or a placebo each day for 14 days. On the 14th day, the participants completed an exercise trial on a cycle ergometer at 50% of VO2max for 120 min. After the two-week washout period, the participants repeated the same trial with the other test sample. The participant’s feeling of fatigue based on a visual analog scale (VAS) and a rating of perceived exertion (RPE), as well as blood and physical parameters were evaluated. The feeling of fatigue based on VAS and RPE were significantly improved in AA compared to those in placebo. In the blood analysis, the increase in serum total ketone bodies during exercise and plasma tryptophan/branched-chain amino acids were significantly lower in AA than those in placebo. The present study demonstrated that supplementation with an AA mixture containing arginine, valine, and serine reduced the feeling of fatigue during exercise. The AA mixture also changed several blood parameters, which may contribute to the anti-fatigue effect.

A Systematic Review of Submaximal Cycle Tests to Predict, Monitor, and Optimize Cycling Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Capostagno ◽  
Michael I. Lambert ◽  
Robert P. Lamberts
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Gross Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Variables

Finding the optimal balance between high training loads and recovery is a constant challenge for cyclists and their coaches. Monitoring improvements in performance and levels of fatigue is recommended to correctly adjust training to ensure optimal adaptation. However, many performance tests require a maximal or exhaustive effort, which reduces their real-world application. The purpose of this review was to investigate the development and use of submaximal cycling tests that can be used to predict and monitor cycling performance and training status. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, and 3 separate submaximal cycling tests were identified from within those 12. Submaximal variables including gross mechanical efficiency, oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate, lactate, predicted time to exhaustion (pTE), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), power output, and heart-rate recovery (HRR) were the components of the 3 tests. pTE, submaximal power output, RPE, and HRR appear to have the most value for monitoring improvements in performance and indicate a state of fatigue. This literature review shows that several submaximal cycle tests have been developed over the last decade with the aim to predict, monitor, and optimize cycling performance. To be able to conduct a submaximal test on a regular basis, the test needs to be short in duration and as noninvasive as possible. In addition, a test should capture multiple variables and use multivariate analyses to interpret the submaximal outcomes correctly and alter training prescription if needed.

Does the musical tempo enhance physical performance?

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562090477
Author(s):  
Jorge A Aburto-Corona ◽  
J A de Paz ◽  
José Moncada-Jiménez ◽  
Bryan Montero-Herrera ◽  
Luis M Gómez-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Musical Tempo

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the musical tempo on heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and distance run (DR) during a treadmill aerobic test in young male and female adults. Participants ran on the treadmill listening to music at 140 beats per minute (bpm; M140), 120 bpm (M120), or without music (NM). No significant sex differences were found on HR (M140 = 172.6 ± 12.7, M120 = 171.9 ± 11.1, NM = 170.1 ± 12.2 bpm, p = .312), RPE (M140 = 7.5 ± 1.4, M120 = 7.6 ± 1.3, NM = 7.6 ± 1.2, p = .931), or DR (M140 = 4,791.4 ± 2,681.1, M120 = 4,900.0 ± 2,916.9, NM = 4,356.1 ± 2,571.2 m, p = .715). Differences were found in the effect of tempo on HR between condition M140 and NM (172.6 ± 12.7 vs. 170.1 ± 12.2 bpm, p = .044, η2 = 0.32). In conclusion, musical tempo does not affect performance, physiological, or perceptual variables in young adults exercising on a treadmill at a constant speed.

scholarly journals Physical Performance Differences Between Starter and Non‐Starter Players During Professional Soccer Friendly Matches

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús V. Giménez ◽  
Anthony S. Leicht ◽  
Miguel A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Average Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the physical performance differences between players that started (i.e. starters, ≥65 minutes played) and those that were substituted into (i.e. non‐starter) soccer friendly matches. Fourteen professional players (age: 23.2 ± 2.7 years, body height: 178 ± 6 cm, body mass: 73.2 ± 6.9 kg) took part in this study. Twenty, physical performance‐related match variables (e.g. distance covered at different intensities, accelerations and decelerations, player load, maximal running speed, exertion index, work‐to‐rest ratio and rating of perceived exertion) were collected during two matches. Results were analysed using effect sizes (ES) and magnitude based inferences. Compared to starters, non‐starters covered greater match distance within the following intensity categories: >3.3≤4.2m/s (very likely), >4.2≤5 m/s (likely) and >5≤6.9 m/s (likely). In contrast, similar match average acceleration and deceleration values were identified for starters and non‐starters (trivial). Indicators of workloads including player loads (very likely), the exertion index (very likely), and the work–to‐rest ratio (very likely) were greater, while self‐ reported ratings of perceived exertion were lower (likely) for non‐starters compared to starters. The current study demonstrates that substantial physical performance differences during friendly soccer matches exist between starters and non‐starters. Identification of these differences enables coaches and analysts to potentially prescribe optimal training loads and microcycles based upon player’s match starting status.

scholarly journals Effects of Bio-Banding upon Physical and Technical Performance during Soccer Competition: A Preliminary Analysis

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Abbott ◽  
Stuart Williams ◽  
Gary Brickley ◽  
Nicholas J Smeeton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Premier League ◽  
English Premier League ◽  
Adult Stature

Bio-banded competition has been introduced to address the variation in physical maturity within soccer. To date, no research has investigated the effect of bio-banded competition relative to chronological competition. The current study investigated the effect of bio-banding upon physical and technical performance in elite youth soccer athletes. Twenty-five male soccer athletes (11–15 years) from an English Premier League soccer academy participated in bio-banded and chronological competition, with physical and technical performance data collected for each athlete. Athletes were between 85–90% of predicted adult stature, and sub-divided into early, on-time and late developers. For early developers, significantly more short passes, significantly less dribbles and a higher rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were evident during bio-banded competition compared to chronological competition (p < 0.05). Significantly more short passes and dribbles, and significantly fewer long passes were seen for on-time developers during bio-banded competition (p < 0.05). For late developers, significantly more tackles, and significantly fewer long passes were evident during bio-banded competition (p < 0.05). No significant differences in physical performance were identified between competition formats. Results demonstrated that bio-banded competition changed the technical demand placed upon athletes compared to chronological competition, without reducing the physical demands. Bio-banded competition can be prescribed to athletes of differing maturation groups dependent upon their specific developmental needs.

Rating Of Perceived Exertion In Cycle Ergometer

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Baris Cakir ◽  
ozgur kasimay ◽  
omer U. erzengin ◽  
hizir kurtel
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion

Impact of Face Masks on Exercise Capacity and Lactate Thresholds in Healthy Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Wolf-Stephan Rudi ◽  
Florian Maier ◽  
Dominik Schüttler ◽  
Antonia Kellnar ◽  
Anna Katharina Strüven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Blood Gas Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Background: Although many countries have introduced strict guidelines regarding mouth and nose coverage in public to contain infection rates during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, more information is needed regarding the impact of wearing face masks on lactate thresholds (LT) and performance parameters during exercise. Methods: Ten healthy male and 10 healthy female subjects (age = 33.4 [10.26] y, body mass index = 23.52 [2.36] kg/m2) performed 3 incremental performance tests, wearing no mask (NM), surgical mask (SM), and filtering face piece mask class 2 (FFP2), with a cycle ergometer. The authors analyzed changes in the LT, in blood gas parameters, and in the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Results: Performance at LT remained unchanged in subjects wearing SM or FFP2 in comparison with NM (162.5 [50.6] vs 167.2 [58.9] vs 162.2 [58.4] W with NM, SM, and FFP2, respectively, P = .24). However, the peak performance was significantly reduced wearing FFP2 compared with NM (213.8 [71.3] vs 230.5 [77.27] W, FFP2 vs NM, respectively, P < .001). Capillary pCO2 was increased while wearing SM as well as FFP2 compared with NM (29 [3.1] vs 33.3 [4] vs 35.8 [4.9] mmHg with NM, SM, and FFP2, respectively; P < .001), and pO2 decreased under maximum performance (84 [6.7] vs 79.1 [7.5] vs 77.3 [8.2] mmHg with NM, SM, and FFP2, P < .01). Importantly, rating of perceived exertion was significantly increased by wearing FFP2 compared with NM at LT according to Mader (16.7 [2.7] vs 15.3 [1.8] FFP2 vs NM, respectively, P < .01). Conclusion: Wearing face masks during exercise showed no effect on LT, limited maximum performance, and induced discrete changes in capillary pCO2 and pO2 within the physiologic range while increasing RPE at LT.

Anaerobic Threshold Determination in Cycle Ergometer From Rating of Perceived Exertion

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Geovani Alves dos Santos ◽  
Eduardo Seiji Numata-Filho ◽  
Thiago dos Santos Rosa ◽  
Rodrigo Vanerson Passos Neves ◽  
Herbert Gustavo Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Threshold Determination

Monitoring Training Load, Recovery, and Performance of Brazilian Professional Volleyball Players During a Season

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1182-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula B. Debien ◽  
Marcelly Mancini ◽  
Danilo R. Coimbra ◽  
Daniel G.S. de Freitas ◽  
Renato Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Monitoring Training ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Difficulty Score

Purpose: To describe and analyze the distribution of internal training load (ITL), recovery, and physical performance of professional volleyball players throughout 1 season. Methods: Fifteen male professional Brazilian volleyball players participated in this study. The session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) and Total Quality Recovery (TQR) score were collected daily for 36 wk. s-RPE was collected after each training session, and TQR, before the first session of the day. The sum of the ITL of each session during the week, training monotony, strain, acute∶chronic workload ratio, match difficulty score, and average of the TQR scores were recorded for the analysis. In addition, the athletes performed countermovement-jump (CMJ) tests with and without the use of the arms 4 times over the season. Results: The season mean weekly ITL was 3733 (1228) AU and the TQR was 15.02 (0.71). The ITL and recovery demonstrated undulating dynamics over the 36 wk, with higher weekly ITL in the preparatory periods (F = 50.32; P < .001) and worse recovery during the main competition (F = 6.47; P = .004). Negative correlations were found between TQR and ITL variables (P < .05). There was improvement and maintenance in CMJ tests without (F = 11.88; P < .001) and with (F = 16.02; P < .001) the use of the arms after the preparatory periods. Conclusions: The ITL variables, recovery, and physical performance changed significantly throughout a professional volleyball season. Despite the decrease in ITL during the main competitive period, the correct distribution of weekly ITL seems to be very important to guarantee the best recovery of athletes.

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