Practice of Malaria Prevention and Control Methods and Associated Factors Among Rural Households in West Belessa District 2019

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia, the burden of malaria continues to cause a substantial number of morbidity and mortality. Communities’ practices of malaria prevention and control methods contribute immensely to sustainable control of malaria. This evidence is quite limited in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to assess Practice of malaria prevention and control methods and associated factors among rural household in west belessa district, northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Method: Community-based cross-sectional mixed quantitative and qualitative study was conducted from April to June 2019, in West Belessa district, North West Ethiopia. Multistage sampling was used to select a 740 sample size. A structured questionnaire was used for the quantitative component and a semi-structured questionnaire for the qualitative component. Quantitative data collected by interviewing and qualitative data using focus group discussion. Quantitative data was coded and entered using Epi info software and analyzed using SPSS. The binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the associated factors. Odds Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval was used to assess the strength of association. The qualitative data was transcribed manually using the thematic approach.Result: A total 738 subjects included with 99.7% response rate. 50.9% of respondents had good practice of malaria prevention and control methods. LLINs and IRS were practiced by 21.1% and 80.5% respectively. Poorest wealth quintiles [AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.76], poor wealth quintiles [AOR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.88], medium wealth quintiles [AOR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.42] and wealthy wealth quintile [AOR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.36], living in Menti Kebele [AOR = 3.88, 95% CI: 2.43,6.20], female sex [AOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.90], illiterate educational status [AOR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.16, 0.72] knowledge level poor [AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.75] were significantly associated with good malaria prevention practice. All of the FGD participants participated at least one malaria prevention method. Conclusion: There were good IRS and environmental management malaria prevention practices, however, LLINs and other malaria prevention methods were poorly practiced. Wealth index, respondents living kebele, female sex, educational status, and respondents’ malaria prevention knowledge are predictors for the practice of malaria prevention.

Knowledge of malaria prevention and control methods and associated factors among rural households in West Belessa district, North West Ethiopia, 2019.

10.21203/rs.2.16133/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tsigie Baye Aragie

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Control Methods ◽

North West ◽

North West Ethiopia ◽

Prevention Methods ◽

And Control ◽

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia malaria is one of the top ten leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Community knowledge of prevention and control methods had been proven to play an important role in the implementation of effective and sustainable interventions against malaria. This information is limited in the study area. This study aimed to assess knowledge of malaria prevention and control methods and its associated factors among households in West Belessa district, 2019.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional mixed quantitative and qualitative study was conducted from April to June 2019 in West Belessa district, North West Ethiopia. Multistage sampling was used to select an estimated 770 sample size. A structured questionnaire was used for the quantitative component and semi-structured questionnaire for the qualitative component. Quantitative data were collected by interviewing and qualitative data using focus group discussion (FGD). Quantitative data was coded and entered using Epi info software version 7 then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the associated factors. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of association. The qualitative data was transcribed manually using the thematic approach.Result: A total of 770 subjects were included in this study with a 99.5% response rate. Of the total respondents, 75.6% had good knowledge of malaria prevention methods. LLINs and IRS were mentioned by 84.7% and 83.7% respectively. Poorest wealth quintiles [AOR= 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.73], poor wealth quintiles [AOR= 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.70], and medium wealth quintiles [AOR= 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.76], living in Menti Kebele [AOR= 3.07, 95% CI 1.85, 5.08], living in Abay tera kebele [AOR= 2.00, 95% CI 1.21, 3.29] were significantly associated with good knowledge. About all of the focused group discussion (FGD) participants agreed that malaria is a preventable disease and mentioned some of the preventive methods.Conclusion: Overall there was relatively high knowledge of malaria prevention and control methods. LLINs and IRS were known malaria prevention methods in West Belessa. Wealth index and respondents living kebele are predictors for knowledge of malaria prevention.

Knowledge of malaria prevention and control methods and associated factors among rural households in West Belessa district, North West Ethiopia, 2019.

10.21203/rs.2.16133/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tsigie Baye Aragie

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Control Methods ◽

North West ◽

North West Ethiopia ◽

Prevention Methods ◽

And Control ◽

Knowledge of malaria prevention and control methods and associated factors among rural households in West Belesa district, North West Ethiopia, 2019.

10.21203/rs.2.16133/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tsigie Baye Aragie

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Control Measures ◽

Control Methods ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

North West ◽

North West Ethiopia ◽

And Control ◽

Abstract Introduction: In Ethiopia malaria is one of the top ten leading causes of morbidity and mortality.The two major malaria prevention services implemented in Ethiopia are targeted Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) with insecticides and distribution of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN). Community knowledge towards prevention and control methods had been proven to play important role for the implementation of effective and sustainable interventions against malaria. This information is limited in the study area regarding to knowledge and practice on malaria prevention and control. This study aimed to assess knowledge towards malaria prevention and control methods and its associated factors among households in West Bellessa district, 2019. Methods: Community based cross-sectional mixed quantitative and qualitative study was conducted from April to June 2019 in West Bellessa district, Amhara region, North West Ethiopia. Multistage sampling was used to select an estimated sample size of 770. Pretested structured questionnaire was used for the quantitative component and semi-structured questionnaire for qualitative one. Quantitative data were coded and entered using Epi info software version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the associated factors. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of association. The qualitative data transcribed manually in thematic approach. Result: A total of 770 subjects were included in this study with 99.5% response rate. Of the total respondents 75.6% had good compressive knowledge about malaria prevention measures. Poorest wealth quintiles [AOR= 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.73], poor wealth quintiles [AOR= 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.70], and medium wealth quintiles [AOR= 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.75], living in Menti Kebele [AOR= 3.01, 95% CI 1.87, 5.15], living in Abay tera kebele [AOR= 2.03, 95% CI 1.23, 3.34] were significantly associated with compressive knowledge about malaria prevention control.Conclusion: In overall there was relatively high knowledge of malaria prevention and control measures. There was decrement in the effect of LLIN and IRS as compared with the previous brands. Wealth index and respondents living kebele are predictors for malaria prevention knowledge of malaria.

Knowledge of malaria prevention and control methods and associated factors among rural households in west Belessa district, north west Ethiopia, 2019

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09332-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tsigie Baye Aragie

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Rural Households ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Control Methods ◽

North West ◽

North West Ethiopia ◽

Reproductive-Age Women’s Knowledge and Care Seeking for Malaria Prevention and Control in Ghana: Analysis of the 2016 Malaria Indicator Survey

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/2316375 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Martin Amogre Ayanore ◽

John Tetteh ◽

Asiwome Ameko ◽

Wisdom Kudzo Axame ◽

Robert Kaba Alhassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Educational Status ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Care Seeking ◽

Insecticide Treated Nets ◽

Malaria Indicator Survey ◽

And Control ◽

Women's Knowledge ◽

Women’S Knowledge

Introduction. Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring individual and environmental level controls to prevent its adverse morbidity effects. This study examined reproductive-aged women’s knowledge and care-seeking practices for malaria prevention and control in Ghana. Methods. The 2016 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey data for reproductive-age women was analysed (n=5,150). Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with reproductive-aged women’s knowledge and care-seeking practices for malaria. Results. 62.3%, 81.3%, and 64.6% knowledge levels on causes, signs/symptoms, and prevention of malaria were found, respectively, among respondents. Age, wealth and educational status, religion, region, and place of residence (rural) were found to significantly influence respondents’ knowledge of causes, signs/symptoms, and care-seeking practices for malaria. A 15% differential among Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) awareness and use was found. Increasing age (≥35 years) was associated with increasing knowledge of malaria. Regional variations were observed to significantly influence knowledge of malaria treatment. Conclusion. Though ownership of ITNs and knowledge of malaria prevention were high, it did not necessarily translate into use of ITNs. Thus, there is a need to intensify education on the importance and the role of ITNs use in the prevention of malaria.

An Assessment of Implementation of Mass Drug Administration for Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Selected Southern Malawi Districts

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1137230/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Makaula ◽

Sekeleghe Amos Kayuni ◽

Kondwani Chidzammbuyo Mamba ◽

Grace Bongololo ◽

Mathias Funsanani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Administration ◽

Mass Drug Administration ◽

Quantitative Data ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Health Providers ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Knowledge Levels ◽

Abstract Background Mass drug administration (MDA) is one of the key interventions recommended by WHO for prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases. In Malawi, MDA is widely carried out annually since 2012 for prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths (STH). No study has been carried out to assess effectiveness of the approach and to document perceptions of health providers and beneficiaries regarding use of MDA. This study aimed to examine perceived strengths and weaknesses, successes and failures, as well as health providers’ and beneficiaries’ perspectives of implementing the strategy in Malawi. Methods As a cross-sectional implementation research, the study was carried out in three southern Malawi districts of Chiradzulu, Mangochi and Zomba. In each district, four health centres and 16 villages were randomly selected to participate. A mixed-methods approach to data collection focusing on quantitative data for coverage and knowledge, attitudes and practices assessments; and qualitative data for assessing perceptions of health providers and beneficiaries regarding MDA was used. Quantitative data were processed and analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 26 while qualitative data were analysed using NVivo 12 for Windows. Results Knowledge levels about schistosomiasis and STH in the districts varied according to disease aspects asked about. Majority are more knowledgeable about what schistosomiasis is (78%) and whether STH are treatable with drugs (97%); with least knowledgeable about the organism that transmits schistosomiasis (18%), types of schistosomiasis (11%) and what causes STH (20%). In 2018 and 2019 the districts registered high coverage rates for praziquantel and albendazole using community-based MDA (73%-100%) and using school-based MDA (75%-91%). Both the health authorities and community members perceived the MDA approach as good because it brings treatment closer to people. Conclusion With the high MDA coverage obtained in schools and communities, the implementation of MDA in the target districts is satisfactory. There are, however, several challenges including disproportionate knowledge levels, which are hampering progress towards attainment of the 2030 global NTD goals. There is a need for promotion of community participation and partnerships as well as implementation of other recommended interventions for sustainable prevention and control of schistosomiasis and STH.

Malaria prevention practices and associated factors among households of Hawassa City Administration, Southern Ethiopia, 2020

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0250981 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0250981

Author(s):

Anteneh Fikrie ◽

Mihiret Kayamo ◽

Henok Bekele

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Control Measures ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

City Administration ◽

Prevention And Control Measures ◽

Background Despite it is easily preventable; malaria is still remains to be a major public health problem in globally as well as in Ethiopia. The disease can be easily prevented through individual and societal combined efforts by keeping the environment safe, effective utilization of long lasting Insecticide Nets and early treatment. However, the factors for poor knowledge and practices of malaria prevention is not well studied in Ethiopia; particularly, in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to provide concrete evidence towards malaria prevention practices and associated factors among Households of Hawassa City Administration, Southern Ethiopia, 2020. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected 598 households at Hawassa City Administration from April 1–15, 2020. Multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit the study households. Data were collected by trained data collectors through a face-to-face interview with pretested structured questionnaire, which was adapted from previous peer reviewed articles. Then the data were checked for the completeness and consistencies, then, coded and entered into Epi data 3.1 and it was exported to SPSS IBM version 23 for analysis. Descriptive mean with standard deviation was used to summarize the continuous variables. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess factors affecting prevention and control of Malaria. Finally, adjusted odds ratio together with 95% CI and p-value <0.05 was used to declare the statistical significances. Results The overall 317 (54.3%) of households practiced good measure of malaria prevention and control measures. Urban residence [AOR = 1.95 (95%CI: 1.17–3.24)], Secondary school completed [AOR = 5.02(95%CI 2.24–12.03)], Tertiary school completed [AOR = 7.27(95%CI: 2.84–18.55)], Positive Attitude [AOR = 8.20(95%CI: 5.31–12.68)] and Good knowledge about malaria [AOR = 2.81(95%CI: 1.78–4.44)] were significantly associated with malaria prevention practices. Conclusions Nearly half of the households were still practiced poor measure of malaria prevention and control measures. Hence, health officials and stake holders need attention by providing continuous health education and follow up to control malaria.

Understanding a Diverse Cancer Center Catchment Area: A Qualitative Needs Assessment Built on a Theoretical Framework

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/1073274820983026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 107327482098302

Author(s):

Clara Reyes ◽

Beti Thompson ◽

Katherine J. Briant ◽

Jason Mendoza

Keyword(s):

Cancer Prevention ◽

Catchment Area ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Geographic Distance ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Cancer Prevention And Control ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

INTRODUCTION: Quantitative approaches to the cancer incidence and mortality of a geographic region may lack understanding of the human context in the region thereby affecting how relevant cancer prevention and control activities can best be targeted to a cancer center’s catchment area. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to obtain and analyze qualitative data that described the barriers and facilitators in a cancer center’s catchment area. A further objective was to use the assessment to plan a comprehensive approach to cancer prevention and control activities in the region. METHODS: Extensive qualitative data were gathered from 32 key informants in the 13 county catchment area. We used the Warnecke Model for Analysis of Population Health and Health Disparities to analyze the qualitative data. We coded factors affecting cancer prevention and control using a directed content analysis approach guided by the Warnecke Model. RESULTS: Four outcome types included fundamental barriers such as political environment and discrimination, gaps in resources, and lack of coordinated activities. Social and physical barriers included distrust, diverse language and cultures, and geographic distance. Individual barriers included lack of system negotiation, health literacy, and poverty. Biological barriers were disparate disease rates in specific groups. CONCLUSION: The analysis and assessment led to the creation of a catchment area wide coalition that used the results to formulate a comprehensive strategic plan to address the barriers in the region.

Numerical Simulation of Blasting-Induced Damage in Grouting Curtain of Sandstone Aquifer for Vertical Shaft

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.271 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 723 ◽

pp. 271-278

Author(s):

Yu Liang Zhou ◽

Dong Feng Yuan ◽

Jun Zheng ◽

Hua Wang

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Damage Zone ◽

Surrounding Rock ◽

Damage Effect ◽

Vertical Shaft ◽

Control Methods ◽

Sandstone Aquifer ◽

And Control ◽

Dynamic Damage

To provide a theoretical basis for water prevention and control methods and reasonable supporting techniques for vertical shaft, and to ensure the shaft construction to pass the sandstone aquifer safely and rapidly, numerical simulation using dynamic damage constitutive model, which was a user-defined constitutive modules in FLAC3D, a lagrangian analysis code in three dimensions, has been applied to investigate the dynamic damage effect in the surrounding rock of the grouting curtain near the driving working face for vertical shaft excavated by blasting. The results indicate that the distribution of the damage zone in the surrounding rock of the shaft, which decreases the effective thickness of the grouting curtain, was like a ellip-se, and that the depth of the damage zone in the surrounding rock of the shaft grouting curtain is fewer than that of the driving face floor. It can be concluded that the centre part of the driving face floor, especially the cutting hole zones, and the shaft wall in the greater horizontal stress side are the " key parts " for shaft water prevention and control methods.

Boards of Governors' Roles and Management of Government Aided Secondary Schools in Kyenjojo District, Uganda

INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (IJE) ◽

10.53449/ije.v1i2.61 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 138-150

Author(s):

Hellen Kabasinguzi Wataba ◽

Nafiu Lukman Abiodun

Keyword(s):

Secondary Schools ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Quantitative Data ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Head Teachers ◽

Correlational Research ◽

Interview Guide ◽

Major Predictor ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship

This study sought to establish the relationship between boards of governors' (BOGs) roles and management of government aided secondary schools in Kyenjojo District. The objectives were to establish the relationship between BOGs' planning role and management of government aided secondary schools, to establish the relationship between BOGs' supervisory role and management of government aided secondary schools, to establish the relationship between BOGs' control role and management of government aided secondary schools; and to determine the major predictor of management of government aided secondary schools out of the three aspects of BOGs' roles. A correlational research design was used. A total of 90 respondents drawn from 108 BOGs and nine head teachers were selected as sample for the study using stratified random sampling and census inquiry respectively. The instruments used were questionnaire and interview guide. Quantitative data was analysed using Pearson product-moment correlation and regression, while thematic analysis was used on qualitative data. The study found a statistically moderate positive and significant relationship between BOGs' planning role and management of government aided secondary schools (r=.626, p=.000); a statistically moderate positive and significant relationship between BOGs' supervisory role and management of government aided secondary schools(r=.591, p=.000); and a statistically weak positive and significant relationship between BOGs' control role and management of government aided secondary schools(r=.280, p=.015). All the three aspects of BOGs roles account for 38.4% of the influence on management of government aided secondary schools in Kyenjojo district (adjusted r2=0.384, p=.000). The researchers recommend that BOGs should be well trained in management of schools in order to be effective in their work. Head teachers should not be dictators but create a conducive climate for planning, supervision and control by the BOGs.