scholarly journals The Relationship and Trends of Socio-Demographic Index, Healthy Life Expectancy and Life Expectancy in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlei Miao ◽  
Xiuhua Guo ◽  
Yue Cai ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Qun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
D Value

Abstract Background Socio-Demographic Index is an index to evaluate social development. Healthy life expectancy can comprehensively measure the population health. This paper indirectly infers the relationship between SDI and HALE, which provides a reference for improving population health. Methods We used SAS 9.4 to analyze the relationship between SDI and LE, and the development trend of SDI and LE in 1990-2010. Meanwhile, we divided into 3 regions according to the 2019 Chinese Health Statistics Yearbook. Results From 1990 to 2010, SDI and LE showed a trend of gradually increasing from west to East. In the regression analysis of SDI and LE,r=0.90335，P<0.0001, meaning that there was a positive correlation between SDI and LE. The D value of men was lower than that of women. Among the five SDI levels, the high SDI level usually had higher LE, so the D value was relatively high. However, in the middle SDI and low-middle SDI areas, the results showed the opposite situation. The SDI in India is lower than that in China, and the D value of female in China is higher than that in India, which indicates that Chinese elderly women have a long life with disease and disability. Conclusions Socio-Demographic Index has a positive correlation with life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Therefore, we can consider improving healthy life expectancy from the components of SDI to improve the healthy level of the population. At the same time, we should pay more attention to the care of the elderly population.

scholarly journals The Relationship and Trends of Socio-Demographic Index, Healthy Life Expectancy and Life Expectancy in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlei Miao ◽  
Xiuhua Guo ◽  
Yue Cai ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Qun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) is an index to evaluate social development. Healthy life expectancy (HLE/HALE) can comprehensively measure the population health. This paper analyzes the relationship and trend of Socio-Demographic Index, life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy, which provides a reference for improving population health. Methods We used R Studio (version 1.2.5033) for correlation matrix analysis of SDI, HALE and LE. Meanwhile, we divided provinces into 3 regions according to the 2019 Chinese Health Statistics Yearbook and analyzed the distribution by ArcGIS 10.5 of healthy life expectancy and SDI of 31 provinces and cities in China.Results From 1990 to 2016, socio-demographic, life expectancy and healthy life expectancy showed a gradual increasing trend, and the level in eastern provinces were higher than western provinces in China. There is a correlation between socio-demographic (included its composition that education for aged 15 and older, Gross Domestic Product and total fertility rates under the age of 25), healthy life expectancy and life expectancy. Total fertility rates under the age of 25 has a negative correlation with other variables.Conclusions There is a strong positive correlation between healthy life expectancy, life expectancy and socio-demographic index. The government should consider take the implementation of personalized policies to steadily improve the development of SDI, at the same time to improve healthy life expectancy from improving maternal health and reducing infant mortality, paying attention to adult health, reducing the early death rate of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals 213Traditional Japanese Diet Score and healthy life expectancy - a longitudinal global study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Imai ◽  
Ayako Sezaki ◽  
Keiko Miyamoto ◽  
Chisato Abe ◽  
Fumiya Kawase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Food Components ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
Japanese Diet

Abstract Background Traditional Japanese diets are considered to be health and longevity. We created a Traditional Japanese Diet Score (TJDS) and investigated the relationship between the TJDS and healthy life expectancy (HALE) longitudinally using global database. Methods Average food (g/day/capita) and energy supply (kcal/day/capita) by countries were identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics Division database. The sum of characterizing traditional Japanese foods supply (beneficial food components in Japanese diet; rice, fish, soybeans, vegetables, eggs, seaweeds, food components not use so much in Japanese diet; wheat, milk, and red meat) were divided as tertile (beneficial food components;-1, 0, 1, not use so much food components; 1, 0, -1). HALE values by country were derived from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 database. The longitudinal effects of TJDS on the rate of change in HALE from 1990 to 2013 were evaluated using a generalized mixed-effect model (GLMM), which takes into account the dependence of repeated observations within countries. The interaction between TJDS and survey year was applied to access the effects on HALE. This study covered 137 countries with populations of 1 million or greater. Results Longitudinal analysis controlled for covariates showed that smooth term of the interaction between TJDS and survey year was significant (p &lt; 0.001). The TJDS was negative associated with HALE in 1990, and in 1991, but positive associated after 2002. Conclusions The relationship between the TJDS as a healthy eating style and HALE is getting stronger since the 21st century. Key messages Well-balanced eating habits of traditional Japanese diets is supports healthy life expectancy.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Occlusal Force and Endothelial Function in Community-Dwelling Elderly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanna Kato ◽  
Naoko Matsuda ◽  
Miki Takahata ◽  
Chika Koseki ◽  
Michiyasu Yamaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Occlusal Force ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Prolonged healthy life expectancy, which is duration without the requirement of any kind of help for activities of daily living (ADL), is essential to ensure a long life with a good quality of living in the community. Further, local residents should understand their health conditions and live consciously to prolong healthy life expectancy. The development of a simple general health indicator is necessary. Both occlusal force and flow-medicated dilation (FMD) which reflects endothelial function are useful tools for understanding the general condition of the elderly. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between occlusal force and endothelial function. In the present study we examined this relationship, occlusal force measurement can be a good indicator of the general condition of the elderly. Methods: In 38 community-dwelling women(aged 76.7 ±5.7 years), we measured occlusal force,　grip strength, endothelial function evaluated by FMD, advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this study we investigate we investigated the relationship between occlusal force, measurement items, and factors independently related to endothelial dysfunction (FMD<7％). Results: There were significantly correlation between occlusal force and grip strength (r=0.54, p<0.01). Degree of FMD significantly associated with occlusal force (r=0.60, p<0.01) and grip strength (r=0.35, p<0.05) or amount of increased AGEs (r=-0.37, p<0.05). Occlusal force was independently associated with degree of FMD after adjusting for age, AGEs, and grip strength (p < 0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between occlusal force and FMD. Occlusal force can be an important indicator of endothelial function in community-dwelling elderly. This study may help understanding general health of elderly in community.

Address by the President of the Faculty of Actuaries. Respecting the Past, Creating the Future

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
John Stewart Russell Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThis Presidential Address is delivered towards the end of the 150th anniversary year of the Faculty of Actuaries, and is timed to coincide with the International Actuarial Association and Groupe Consultatif holding meetings in Edinburgh. It deals with the growing globalisation of the Profession, reviews the key developments arising out of the Morris Review and the implications of current changes. It then moves on to examine communication and the role the Profession can play with the media. A comparison between actuarial practice in life and pensions follows, with suggestions for a closer alignment between pension expectation and pension reality. Comment is made about the prospects for healthy life expectancy. Finally, the relationship between the Faculty and the Institute of Actuaries is debated, and a consultation with Faculty members is launched.

scholarly journals Multi-State Analysis of the Impact of Childhood Starvation on the Healthy Life Expectancy of the Elderly in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Dong ◽  
Chunjing Du ◽  
Bingyi Wu ◽  
Qunhong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Child malnutrition is not only common in developing countries but also an important issue faced by developed countries. This study aimed to explore the influence and degree of childhood starvation on the health of the elderly, which provides a reference for formulating health-related policies under the concept of full lifecycle health.Methods: Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2008, 2011, and 2014, this study took a total of 13,185 elderly people aged 65–99 years as the target population. By IMaCH software, with gender and income level as the control variables, the average life expectancy and healthy life expectancy of the elderly were measured. The x2test was used to explore the differences in the socioeconomic status of elderly people with or without starvation in childhood. Statistical differences between average life expectancy and healthy life expectancy were analyzed by rank tests.Results: (1) The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in age, gender, residency, education level, and income level between the groups with or without starvation (P &lt; 0.05). (2) Transition probabilities in health–disability, health–death, and disability–death all showed an upward trend with age (P &lt; 0.05), where the elderly who experienced starvation in childhood were higher than those without such an experience (P &lt; 0.05). However, the probability of disability–health recovery showed a downward trend with age (P &lt; 0.05), in which the elderly who experienced starvation in childhood were lower than those without starvation (P &lt; 0.05). (3) For the elderly who experienced starvation in childhood, the health indicators of the average life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy proportion accounted for the remaining life were lower than those of the elderly without childhood starvation (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: The average life expectancy and healthy life expectancy of the elderly with childhood starvation are lower than those without childhood starvation. It shows that the negative impact of childhood starvation on health through the life course till old age has a persistent negative cumulative effect on the quantity and quality of life. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the nutritional status of children in poor families from the perspective of social policymaking.

scholarly journals Trends of Healthy Life Expectancy of the Elderly in China in 1994–2015: Revisiting From the Perspective of Morbidity Transition

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Junhan Dong ◽  
Chenyuan Zhao ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method

Research on healthy life expectancy (HLE) in China has been fueled by a spate of new data sources and studies, yet no consensus is reached on the pattern of HLE changes and the underlying mechanism. This study examined the change of HLE in China over 20 years with long term national data. Health status, measured by activities of daily living, is combined with mortality to calculate the disability-free life expectancy by the Sullivan method. The results show that the HLE rose slower than life expectancy (LE) in 1994–2004, indicating morbidity expansion. However, in 2010–2015, the proportion of HLE to LE increased, manifesting morbidity compression. A counterfactual analysis further shows that health improvement has been increasingly important in increasing HLE in 2010–2015, despite the dominance of mortality decline. The findings suggest that morbidity can transition between compression, expansion and dynamic equilibrium over a long period due to different combinations of mortality and health improvements. Given the limited data in this study, whether and how morbidity transitions unfold in the future remains open and requires further research.

scholarly journals Inequality of healthy life expectancy for the Chinese elderly and its trend

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaishan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

AbstractIn this study, we use long-term follow-up survey data to explore the inequality of the healthy life expectancy among the elderly and the trends of such expectancy among different birth cohorts and at different ages. The results show that older people with higher socioeconomic status do not have a significant advantage in healthy life expectancy. Its advantage in life expectancy is mainly due to the relatively low mortality rate under conditions of disability, i.e., the relatively long life expectancy with disability. This also shows that the elderly with higher socioeconomic status is at the stage of disability expansion. In addition, the study examines the age effect and cohort effect of health inequality and points out that health inequalities among different socioeconomic status groups are likely to increase in the future.

An equity - effectiveness framework linking health programs and healthy life expectancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Banham ◽  
John Lynch ◽  
Jon Karnon
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health System ◽  
Population Health ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Health Gains

South Australia’s Strategic Plan includes a target to improve the population’s healthy life expectancy. A common question among health policy and service planners is: ‘How do health programs and services in the community relate to healthy life expectancy?’ In response, this paper outlines an effectiveness and equity framework (EEF) for evaluating health interventions in applied settings. Using the example of coronary heart disease (CHD) management in general practice in South Australia, the EEF: (1) applies an internally consistent approach to accounting for population healthy life expectancy at state and smaller geographic levels; (2) estimates average population health gains from health programs, and gains across different socioeconomic subgroups within the community; (3) conducts economic evaluation by equating health gains against health system costs in population subgroups; (4) summarises relevant information about candidate intervention programs within a multi-criteria performance matrix for presentation to decision makers; (5) reassesses outcomes (and processes) following the implementation of a program and iteratively adds to the relevant knowledge and evidence base. The EEF offers a practical approach to selecting and evaluating intervention programs. The challenge is to develop system culture and data capture methods clearly focussed on linking health system activities to population health outcomes.

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