scholarly journals Effect of Hermetia Illucens Larvae on Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets and Diarrhea Caused by Escherichia Coli K88

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to erroneous posting.

scholarly journals Dietary Hermetia illucens Larvae Replacement Alleviates Diarrhea and Improves Intestinal Barrier Function in Weaned Piglets Challenged With Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Jin ◽  
Boyu Yuan ◽  
Mingming Liu ◽  
Mingqiang Zhu ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Junction Protein

A high-quality protein substitute, Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly) larvae powder, is rich in protein and often used in animal feed. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and optimal ratio of replacing fish meal with H. illucens larvae in weaned piglets and to demonstrate the effects on piglets' growth performance, intestinal microflora and immune performance. Forty-eight female weaned piglets were randomly classified into three groups. Each group consisted of eight pens (replicates), with two piglets per pen. Three groups containing different proportions of H. illucens larvae (0, 4, and 8%) were referred to as C, HI4, and HI8. We first designed a 28-day feeding experiment to detect growth performance; after that, the piglets were induced with oral gavage of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC K88) and recording diarrhea on day 29 of the experiment. Samples were taken on the 32nd day to detect the effect of H. illucens larvae on the immune performance of the weaned piglets. H. illucens larvae replacement did not cause any obvious change in the growth performance nether in HI4 nor in HI8 of weaned piglets with 28 d feeding stage. H. illucens larvae could improve the intestinal health of weaned piglets by increasing the content of Lactobacillus and reducing the content of Streptococcus. Compared with C+K88 group, the diarrhea rate was attenuated for the H. illucens supplemented group. The integrity of ileum villi in HI4+K88 and HI8+K88 groups was better than that in C+K88 group, and the villi in C+K88 group were severely damaged. The expression of IL-10, Occludin and Claudin-3 in the intestinal mucosa of the HI4+K88 group and HI8+K88 group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the expression of TNF-α was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with the C+K88 group. The results of immunoblotting also validated that the same ETEC K88 treatment of weaned piglets enhanced the expression of tight junction protein in the intestinal mucosa of the H. illucens addition group. ETEC-induced diarrhea will be reduced by the diet of weaned piglets containing H. illucens larvae, ameliorating the immune performance of piglets. Our results indicates that the optimal dosage of H. illucens replacement in weaned piglets is 4%.

The effect of dietary full-fat Hermetia illucens larvae meal on gut physiology and growth performance in young turkeys

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 114879
Author(s):  
Jan Jankowski ◽  
Krzysztof Kozłowski ◽  
Zenon Zduńczyk ◽  
Anna Stępniowska ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Gut Physiology ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

scholarly journals Effects of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Metabolomics in Weaned Piglets Challenged by Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingfa Wang ◽  
Luli Zhou ◽  
Hanlin Zhou ◽  
Guanyu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Background: The effects of dietary supplementation with guava leaf extracts (GE) on growth performance, diarrhea and intestinal barrier function, as well as associated with its modulation of serum and fecal metabolic changes in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were investigated.Method: Fifty weaned piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) from 5 pens (2 piglets per pen) were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (BC), negative control group (NC), or those supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 (S50), 100 mg kg-1 (S100), or 200 (S200) mg kg-1 diet GE, respectively. On day 4, all piglets (except for BC) were orally challenged with about 1.0 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) enterotoxigenic ETEC. After 28-day trial, growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal barrier function and metabolomics of serum and fecal were investigated.Results: We demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) (P < 0.05) and sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) upregulated level of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and reversed higher level of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) caused by ETEC in serum compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets. In addition, dietary addition with GE (100 mg kg-1) reversed the lower level of L-pipecolic acid caused by ETEC in feces compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and decreased oxidative stress response of piglets. Further, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the final weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and F/G among dietary groups during the overall period, and piglets in S50 group has the higher average daily gain (ADG). Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets challenged by ETEC and exhibited positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function. Meanwhile, dietary addition with GE organized and redistributed energy resources through similar or dissimilar metabolic pathways, and finally enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets challenged by ETEC.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Waste Reduction Efficiency and Nutritional Composition of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae and Prepupae Reared on Coconut Endosperm and Soybean Curd Residue with or without Supplementation

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Nichaphon Pliantiangtam ◽  
Pipatpong Chundang ◽  
Attawit Kovitvadhi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Soybean Curd ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Soybean Curd Residue ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larvae are considered as insects with a high potential to convert organic waste into high-value products. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth performance, waste reduction efficiency, and nutritional composition of BSF reared on different ratios of coconut endosperm (C) and soybean curd residue (S), with or without supplementation, compared to standard diets (Gainesville: G and starter chicken diet: CK). Seven-day-old larvae were randomly divided into eight experimental groups (G, CK, and three different ratios of C and S with or without supplementation) with three replicates with an equal weight of larvae. The supplement contained calcium, phosphorus, amino acids, and a mineral–vitamin premix which was formulated to correlate with CK. Each replicate was terminated, measured, and evaluated when 40% of larvae had reached prepupal stage. The highest larval weight gain was presented in BSF fed CK, followed by those fed coconut endosperm and soybean curd residue at a ratio of 20 : 80 (C20S80), and coconut endosperm and soybean curd residue at a ratio of 50 : 50 (C50S50) without supplementation (numbers after C and S represent their percentage in the formulation; p < 0.001). Harvesting was delayed in the BSF fed C80S20 with and without supplementation (p < 0.001). The number of total larvae and prepupae was not significantly different between groups (p > 0.05). The greatest waste reduction efficiency was observed in the G, C50S50, and C20S80 groups without supplementation (p < 0.001). All groups with supplementation had a higher proportion of ash in both larvae and prepupae compared to non-supplemented groups (p < 0.001), but lower growth performance. The highest percentage of crude protein in larvae was presented in the Gainesville and C20S80 groups followed by the CK and C50S50 groups (p < 0.001). Equal proportions of C and S without supplementation are suggested as a rearing substrate. However, growth performance was lower than for CK; therefore, further studies could investigate cost-efficient techniques to promote this parameter.

scholarly journals Effect of Hermetia Illucens Larvae on Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets and Diarrhea Caused by Escherichia Coli K88

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Jin ◽  
Boyu Yuan ◽  
Mingming Liu ◽  
Mingqiang Zhu ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Junction Protein

Abstract Background：A high-quality protein substitute, Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly) larvae powder is rich in protein, fat, amino acid, calcium, and other substances. Due to the relatively few studies on the feeding of weaned piglets, in the present study, we replaced part or all of the fish meal with a relevant proportion of Hermetia illucens larvae powder in the feed to study its effect on weaned piglets. A total of forty-eight young female weaned piglets (Duroc ´ Landrace ´ Large White) with initial body weights (BW) 7.68 ± 0.26 kg, were randomly divided into three groups, each group had eight replicates, two pigs per replicate. Three groups containing different proportions of Hermetia illucens larvae powder (0, 4%, and 8%) were referred to as C, HI4, and HI8. We designed a 28-day feeding experiment, collecting blood and feces, thereafter inducing the piglets with oral gavage of ETEC K88 and recording diarrhea on day 29 of the experiment. Four piglets in each group were selected to collect serum, colon contents, intestinal tissue, and jejunum, ileum, colon mucosa samples.Results：The growth performance of weaned piglets remained unaffected on supplementing feed with Hermetia illucens. Compared with C+K88 group, the diarrhea rate was found to be attenuated for the Hermetia illucens supplemented group. Severe damage was evident in the case of the ileum villi of the C+K88 group, whereas improved integrity was demonstrated by the ileum villi of the HI4+K88 and HI8+K88 groups. Significantly increased expressions of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in the intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05) and the tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin-3 (P < 0.05) and reduced expression of the pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α (P < 0.05) were reflected in the HI4+K88 and HI8+K88 groups as compared to the C+K88 group. The activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT and POD (P < 0.05) also revealed an effective increase in the Hermetia illucens supplemented groups than the control. The results of immunoblotting also validated that the same ETEC K88 treatment of weaned piglets enhanced the expression of tight junction protein in the intestinal mucosa of the Hermetia illucens addition group (P < 0.05) and the integrity of the intestinal barrier was also better maintained. The experimental results affirmed that Hermetia illucens larvae powder could partially or completely replace fish meal, increase the content of Lactobacillus, reduce the content of Streptococcus, improve the body’s disease resistance, and improve intestinal health.Conclusions：ETEC-induced diarrhea will be reduced by the diet of weaned piglets containing Hermetia illucens larvae, ameliorating the immune performance of pigs. The present research provides a new perspective for insect meal as a sustainable protein source for pig feed.

scholarly journals 276 Effects of Hermetia illucens larvae meal on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 105-106
Author(s):  
Xianyong Ma ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
Zhenming Li ◽  
Dun Deng ◽  
Ting Rong
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

Abstract Object: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Hermetia illucens larvae meal on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of finishing pigs. Methods: Seventy-two crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) pigs (76.0 ± 0.52 kg) were randomly allocated to three experimental treatments, and fed the diet with supplementation of 0%, 4%, or 8% Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HILM), respectively. The experiment lasted 42 days. Results: The average daily gain (ADG) of pigs in 4% HILM group was higher, and the feed gain ratio (F/G) was lower than the control and 8% HILM group (P &lt; 0.05). The loin-eye area, marbling scores, and inosine monophosphate (IMP) content of Longissimus thoracis muscle (LM) in 4% and 8% HILM group were higher than the control group (P &lt; 0.05). There were no diffenences on backfat thickness, pH value, meat color, drip loss among three groups. Compared with the control, 4% HILM significantly increased the content of intramuscular fat (IMF) (P &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression level of fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl CoA carboxylase α (ACCα), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and MyHC-IIa in the LM was higher in 4% HILM group than that in 8% Hermetia illucens larvae meal and the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The abundance of Lactobacillus, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Roseburia, Oribacterium, and Faecalibacterium was higher in 4% Hermetia illucens larvae meal group than the control group (P &lt; 0.05); The abundance of Streptococcus was lower and Peptococcus was higher in 4% HILM group than 8% HILM group. Conclusion: HILM can be used as an effective feed ingredient in finishing pig’ diet up to 4% level, which was beneficial for the growth performance, carcass trait, and meat quality of pigs, and the underlying mechanism maybe due to the altered lipogenic potential, myofiber characteristics and the microbial composition regulated by HILM.

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