scholarly journals Challenges and potential approaches for soil recovery in iron open pit mines and waste piles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Silva Guedes ◽  
Sílvio Junio Ramos ◽  
Markus Gastauer ◽  
Cecílio Frois Caldeira Júnior ◽  
Gabriel Caixeta Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Iron Mining ◽  
Soil Recovery

Abstract The revegetation of areas impacted by iron mining may be hampered by a series of chemical and physical impediments exhibited by those areas. Physical problems, such as penetration resistance and steep slopes, may outweigh the chemical problems, such that both should be considered for soil recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the main soil attributes that are directly related to plant growth on areas affected by iron mining activities discussing possible solutions. For this purpose, chemical and physical attributes including penetration resistance on open pit mines, waste piles and native forest in Carajás Mineral Province were analysed. The results show that the open pits had low to medium levels of P and low levels of organic matter and of the micronutrients B, Zn and Cu. In the waste piles, the chemical parameters were less hindering than in the open pits. Soil penetration resistance in open pits was higher than in the waste piles and the forest; however, there was a reduction of up to 69% in soil resistance in open pits in the rainy season. The principal chemical problems observed in mine pits can be easily corrected, although the inclination of open pit slopes in combination with elevated soil density increase the risks of losses of fertilizers and seeds by runoff. Penetration resistance is the most serious problem for the development of plants in mine pits, although the use of irrigation water can help to maintain tolerable levels of resistance in soil for proper root growth of native species.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical attributes of a soil cultivated with rubber tree under three management strategies

2020 ◽  
pp. 1987-2002
Author(s):  
Yuri Luiz Augusto dos Santos ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Ribon ◽  
Luis Filipe Caixeta Bitencourt ◽  
Leonardo Rodrigues Barros ◽  
Kathleen Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a native species of the Amazon biome. This species had great economic importance due to the production of latex, used to obtain natural rubber. Seeking growth in productivity with adequate management is necessary to optimize production and increase areas with rubber trees. This study aimed to verify the physical and chemical attributes of soil under three different managements and two rubber tree clones, searching for the best alternative for the general edaphoclimatic conditions of the Cerrado biome. The experiment was installed in Palmeiras of Goiás, GO, Brazil, in a randomized block design in a 2×3 factorial arrangement, consisting of two rubber tree clones (PB 312 and RRIM 600) and three management strategies (organomineral fertilizer with poultry litter, pigeon pea as green manure, and mechanical mowing-brushcutter). Physical attributes such as soil density, soil penetration resistance, soil moisture and aggregation, soil fertility, and tree development were analyzed. Statistical analyses of variance and Tukey test were carried out in order to compare the dendrometric data and physical and chemical attributes of the soil under the different treatments applied in the inter-row of rubber trees. No significant statistical differences were found among treatments and between clones in relation to soil physical attributes. However, the soil pH reduced the use of organomineral fertilizer and the clone RRIM 600 had the highest heights.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of physical attributes of an Ultisol under papaya crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-536
Author(s):  
Juliao Soares de Souza Lima ◽  
Walas Permanhane Sturião ◽  
Ivoney Gontijo ◽  
Samuel Assis Silva
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Spherical Models ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The successful development of the root system of plants depends on the favorable conditions of soil physical attributes. The objective of this work was to study the spatial variability of physical attributes in an Ultisol cultivated with papaya. The soil was prepared mechanically plowing, harrowing, sulcal and subsoiler. In the center of the crop field was built a sampling grid with points spaced 5.7 m, totalizando129 georeferenced points. The soil samples at two depths (0 - 0.20 m, 0.20 - 0.40 m) were collected for four months after transplantation, to determine the total porosity (TP), soil moisture (Um), soil bulk density (BD) and soil penetration resistance in the planting row (PRPR) and in the traffic machines rows (PRRow). The soil penetration resistance in the planting row and in the traffic machines row was determined. The BD1 and BD2 showed the lowest CV values, and the data were fitted to the exponential and spherical models, respectively, with spatial dependence ranges of 20 and 28 m. At the layer of 0-0.20 m depth, the attributes showed the same spatial distribution pattern. At the layer of 0-0.20 m depth, the soil penetration resistance showed 7.5 times greater in the traffic machines region (rw spacing) than the value found in the planting row.

scholarly journals Spatial investigation of soil penetration resistance and its impacts on cultivation of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e44510615972
Author(s):  
Eudocio Rafael Otavio da Silva ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Murilo Machado de Barros ◽  
Gabriele Oliveira Silva ◽  
Patrícia Oliveira Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Spatial Investigation ◽  
Banana Plantation

The present study aimed to investigate the spatial variability of soil penetration resistance (SPR) in cultivation areas of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana, to evaluate its effects on the chemical and physical attributes of the soil and to indicate localized management. The experiment was carried out in an area of cultivation ‘BRS Princesa’ banana, in which 60 georeferenced points were recorded. SPR was measured from the cone index to 0.40 m depth using an impact penetrometer. Disturbed samples were collected at depths of 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m and the soil attributes pH, Ca, Mg, Al, Na, K, P, H + Al, SB, T Value, V%, total sand, total clay, silt, TOC, POC, MAOC and gravimetric moisture were determined. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics, Pearson’s linear correlation and geostatistical analysis. SPR values in subsurface suggest greater compaction in subsurface and the significant correlations with soil attributes indicate losses for banana plants, so localized management should be carried out. It was found that 46.7% of the total area of the banana plantation does not need to be decompacted, and localized subsoiling at a varying depth is indicated in the other regions.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of soil physical attributes in integrated production systems in the Amazon region

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela de Lima Feitosa ◽  
Alexandre Martins Abdão dos Passos ◽  
Henrique Nery Cipriani ◽  
Marcelo Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Alaerto Luiz Marcolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Corn Plant ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Physical Attributes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial variability of soil physical attributes in integrated production systems and its relationship with the growth and yield of a corn (Zea mays) crop intercropped with palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha). The experiment was carried out in an integrated crop-livestock (ICL) system and in an integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) system, in a Plinthic Hapludox. The ICLF system was managed in alleys between eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) rows, spaced at 18, 30, and 42 m. Corn grain and forage yields were positively correlated with soil clay and moisture contents, whereas grain yield was negatively correlated with soil penetration resistance. The lowest corn plant heights and grain yields were observed near eucalyptus rows. The average values for soil penetration resistance were below 2.0 MPa. Spatial variability was verified for: corn plant height, grain yield, and agronomic efficiency; forage intercropping; and soil moisture and silt contents, as well as penetration resistance. Greater grain and biomass yields were obtained at a 42-m distance between tree rows. The obtained results are indicative that corn traits and soil physical attributes were only slightly associated. The spatial distribution of the eucalyptus rows influences the agronomic efficiency of the intercrop and soil moisture contents.

scholarly journals Challenges and potential approaches for soil recovery in iron open pit mines and waste piles

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Silva Guedes ◽  
Sílvio Junio Ramos ◽  
Markus Gastauer ◽  
Cecílio Frois Caldeira Júnior ◽  
Gabriel Caixeta Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Soil Recovery

Management and engineering solutions to improve stripping equipment efficiency in Chernogorksy open pit mine

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
G. N. Shapovalenko ◽  
S. N. Radionov ◽  
V. V. Gorbunov ◽  
V. A. Khazhiev ◽  
V. Yu. Zalyadnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Blasting Operation ◽  
Internal Dump ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
Mining Front ◽  
Comparison Of Equipment

Chernogosky open pit mine integrates truck-and-shovel system of mining with overburden rehandling to internal dump with a set of walking excavators for rehandling of overburden to mined-out area of the pit. It is possible to improve efficiency of stripping in the conditions of Chernogorsky OPM by reducing percentage of stripping with more expensive handling system. The relevant research and solutions to this effect are presented in this article. Comparative characterization of mining conditions and parameters of mining systems applied is given for open pit mines Chernogorsky, Turnui, Nazarovsky, Vostochno-Beisky and Izykh. The comparative analysis points at the need to account for difficulty of mining and process sites in comparison of equipment productivity. High concentration of mining machines, which is conditioned by narrow mining front and simultaneous operation of five faces, as well as blasting operation implemented every 1-2 days, are recognized as the main constraints of excavator capacity in mining with direct dumping in Chernogorsky open pit mine. The management and engineering solutions implemented in the mine and resulted in higher efficiency of draglines are described.

MECHANICAL/HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING IN RECLAMATION OF OPEN PIT MINES

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
P.A. Prokhorov ◽  
◽  
Val.V. Sencus ◽  
A.L. Mansurov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines

Hydraulic excavators in coal-rich zones of open pit mines in Kuzbass: Experience and prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 152-160
Author(s):  
L.I. Kantovich ◽  
◽  
O.I. Litvin ◽  
A.A. Khoreshok ◽  
E.A. Tyuleneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Hydraulic Excavators
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