scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Hsf and Hsp Gene Families in Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqian Chen ◽  
Zhiyuan Wang ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Chunhua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Heat Shock Factors ◽  
Heat Shock Genes ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cis Element

Abstract Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are molecular chaperones that participate in plants' response to environmental stresses, including heat stress, and also play an essential role in plant growth and development. Hsps expression is monitored and regulated by specific types of transcription factors known as heat shock factors (Hsfs). Although the role of Hsfs and Hsps in stress response has been investigated in some plants, their role is still poorly understood in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). To reveal the mechanisms of cucumber Hsf and Hsp coping with various stresses, the analyses of cucumber Hsf and Hsp gene families were conducted using bioinformatics-based methods. A total of 23 Hsfs and 72 Hsps were identified in the cucumber genome (v3.0), and the gene structure and motif composition are relatively conserved in each subfamily. At least 23 pairs of heat shock genes underwent gene duplication in cucumber. A cis-element analysis is implicit that CsHsfs and CsHsps possessed at least one hormone or stress response cis-element, suggesting that CsHsf and CsHsp genes could respond to different stress conditions. Heatmaps of the CsHsf and CsHsp gene families indicated that most heat shock genes were expressed in different tissues and organs. RNA-seq showed that most of the cucumber Hsf and Hsp genes are differentially expressed upon exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses. These results provide valuable information to clarify the evolutionary relationship between the CsHsf and CsHsp family and to facilitate the functional characterization of the CsHsf and CsHsp genes in future studies.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of tomato ADK gene family during development and stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yang ◽  
Haohao Cao ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Liangxian Gui ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Cis Element ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background: Adenylate kinase (ADK) is widely distributed in organisms and plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis. In plants, ADK has important functions in plant growth and development regulation as well as adaptation to the environment. However, little information is available about the ADK genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), an important economic crop.Results: To investigate the characteristics and functions of ADK genes in tomato, a total of 11 ADK genes were identified and named according to their chromosomal locations. The ADK family was divided into five groups and motif analysis revealed that each SlADK protein contained five to eight conserved motifs. Sequence analysis revealed 4-19 exons in all SlADKs and most members possessed four. The 11 SlADKs were randomly distributed on nine of the 12 tomato chromosomes. A cis-element analysis inferred that several stress response elements were found on the promoters of SlADKs. The online TomExpress platform prediction revealed that SlADKs were expressed in various tissues and organs, basically consistent with the data obtained from real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The qPCR verification was also used to determine the expression level of SlADKs and demonstrated that the genes responded to multiple abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt and cold. For example, almost all SlADKs contained two expression peaks at 9 and 48 h following salt treatment. The qPCR results showed that SlADK transcription was responsive to most of the applied hormone treatment: methyl jasmonate, ethylene, salicylic acid, indole 3-acetic acid and abscisic acid. Notably, SlADK2 and 4 exhibited significant changes under multiple stress treatments.Conclusions: These results provide valuable information for clarifying the evolutionary relationship of the tomato ADK family and in aiding functional characterization of SlADKs in further research.

scholarly journals CtsR Is the Master Regulator of Stress Response Gene Expression in Oenococcus oeni

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (16) ◽  
pp. 5614-5623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosette Grandvalet ◽  
Françoise Coucheney ◽  
Charlotte Beltramo ◽  
Jean Guzzo
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Molecular Chaperone ◽  
Oenococcus Oeni ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Heat Shock Genes ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

ABSTRACT Although many stress response genes have been characterized in Oenococcus oeni, little is known about the regulation of stress response in this malolactic bacterium. The expression of eubacterial stress genes is controlled both positively and negatively at the transcriptional level. Overall, negative regulation of heat shock genes appears to be more widespread among gram-positive bacteria. We recently identified an ortholog of the ctsR gene in O. oeni. In Bacillus subtilis, CtsR negatively regulates expression of the clp genes, which belong to the class III family of heat shock genes. The ctsR gene of O. oeni is cotranscribed with the downstream clpC gene. Sequence analysis of the O. oeni IOB 8413 (ATCC BAA-1163) genome revealed the presence of potential CtsR operator sites upstream from most of the major molecular chaperone genes, including the clp genes and the groES and dnaK operons. Using B. subtilis as a heterologous host, CtsR-dependent regulation of O. oeni molecular chaperone genes was demonstrated with transcriptional fusions. No alternative sigma factors appear to be encoded by the O. oeni IOB 8413 (ATCC BAA-1163) genome. Moreover, apart from CtsR, no known genes encoding regulators of stress response, such as HrcA, could be identified in this genome. Unlike the multiple regulatory mechanisms of stress response described in many closely related gram-positive bacteria, this is the first example where dnaK and groESL are controlled by CtsR but not by HrcA.

scholarly journals Heat Shock Response and Protein Degradation: Regulation of HSF2 by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 5091-5098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Mathew ◽  
Sameer K. Mathur ◽  
Richard I. Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitors ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Heat Shock Factors ◽  
Heat Shock Genes ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway ◽  
Stress Signal ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Proteasome Pathway

ABSTRACT Mammalian cells coexpress a family of heat shock factors (HSFs) whose activities are regulated by diverse stress conditions to coordinate the inducible expression of heat shock genes. Distinct from HSF1, which is expressed ubiquitously and activated by heat shock and other stresses that result in the appearance of nonnative proteins, the stress signal for HSF2 has not been identified. HSF2 activity has been associated with development and differentiation, and the activation properties of HSF2 have been characterized in hemin-treated human K562 erythroleukemia cells. Here, we demonstrate that a stress signal for HSF2 activation occurs when the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is inhibited. HSF2 DNA-binding activity is induced upon exposure of mammalian cells to the proteasome inhibitors hemin, MG132, and lactacystin, and in the mouse ts85 cell line, which carries a temperature sensitivity mutation in the ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) upon shift to the nonpermissive temperature. HSF2 is labile, and its activation requires both continued protein synthesis and reduced degradation. The downstream effect of HSF2 activation by proteasome inhibitors is the induction of the same set of heat shock genes that are induced during heat shock by HSF1, thus revealing that HSF2 affords the cell with a novel heat shock gene-regulatory mechanism to respond to changes in the protein-degradative machinery.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of tomato ADK gene family during development and stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yang ◽  
Haohao Cao ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Liangxian Gui ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background: Adenylate kinase (ADK) is widely distributed in organisms and plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis. In plants, ADK has important functions in plant growth and development regulation as well as adaptation to the environment. However, little information is available about the ADK genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), an important economic crop.Results: To investigate the characteristics and functions of ADK genes in tomato, a total of 11 ADK genes were identified and named according to their chromosomal locations. The ADK family in Arabidopsis tomato, potato and rice was divided into six groups and motif analysis revealed that each SlADK protein contained five to eight conserved motifs. Sequence analysis revealed 4-19 exons in all SlADKs and most members possessed four. Cis-element analysis inferred that several stress response elements were found on the promoters of SlADKs. The 11 SlADKs were randomly distributed on nine of the 12 tomato chromosomes. Three duplication events were observed between tomato chromosome, and a high degree of conservation of synteny was found between tomato and potato. The online TomExpress platform prediction revealed that SlADKs were expressed in various tissues and organs, basically consistent with the data obtained from real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The qPCR verification was also used to determine the expression level of SlADKs and demonstrated that the genes responded to multiple abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt and cold. Besides, the qPCR results showed that SlADK transcription was responsive to most of the applied hormone treatment: methyl jasmonate, ethylene, salicylic acid, indole 3-acetic acid and abscisic acid. Notably, SlADK2 and 4 exhibited significant changes under multiple stress treatments. Furthermore, correlation networks analysis revealed co-expressed genes between SlADKs and other tomato functional genes.Conclusions: These results provide valuable information for clarifying the evolutionary relationship of the tomato ADK family and in aiding functional characterization of SlADKs in further research.

Diversity of Plant Heat Shock Factors: Regulation, Interactions and Functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Andrási ◽  
Aladar Pettkó-Szandtner ◽  
László Szabados
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Heat Shock Factors ◽  
Transcription Control

Abstract Plants Heat Shock Factors (HSFs) are encoded by large gene families with variable structure, expression and function. HSFs are components of complex signaling systems which control responses not only to high temperatures but also to a number of abiotic stresses such as cold, drought, hypoxic conditions, soil salinity, toxic minerals, strong irradiation and to pathogen threats. Here we provide an overview of the diverse world of plant HSFs through compilation and analysis of their functional versatility, diverse regulation and interactions. Bioinformatic data on gene expression profiles of Arabidopsis HSF genes were re-analysed to reveal their characteristic transcript patterns. While HSFs are regulated primarily at the transcript level, alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation and sumoylation provides further variability. Plant HSFs are involved in an intricate web of protein-protein interactions which adds considerable complexity to their biological function. A list of such interactions was compiled from public databases, published data and discussed to pinpoint their relevance in transcription control. Although most fundamental studies of plant HSFs have been conducted in the model plant, Arabidopsis, information on HSFs is accumulating in other plants such as tomato, rice, wheat and sunflower.. Understanding the function, interactions and regulation of HSFs will facilitate the design of novel strategies to use engineered proteins to improve tolerance and adaptation of crops to adverse environmental conditions.

Heat shock genes and the heat shock response in zebrafish embryos

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick H Krone ◽  
Zsolt Lele ◽  
Jennifer B Sass
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Heat Shock Genes ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Temporal Regulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genes Encoding

Heat shock genes exhibit complex patterns of spatial and temporal regulation during embryonic development in a wide range of organisms. Our laboratory has initiated an analysis of heat shock protein gene expression in the zebrafish, a model system that is now utilized extensively for the examination of early embryonic development of vertebrates. We have cloned members of the zebrafish hsp47, hsp70,\i and hsp90 gene families and shown them to be closely related to their counterparts in higher vertebrates. Whole mount in situ hybridization and Northern blot analyses have revealed that these genes are regulated in distinct spatial, temporal, and stress-specific manners. Furthermore, the tissue-specific expression patterns of the hsp47 and hsp90 alpha genes correlate closely with the expression of genes encoding known chaperone targets of Hsp47 and Hsp90 in other systems. The data raise a number of interesting questions regarding the function and regulation of these heat shock genes in zebrafish embryos during normal development and following exposure to environmental stress.

scholarly journals Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Induces a Prominent Local Stress Response and Growth Inhibition in Mouse Breast Cancer Isografts

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1744
Author(s):  
Csaba András Schvarcz ◽  
Lea Danics ◽  
Tibor Krenács ◽  
Pedro Viana ◽  
Rita Béres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Heat Shock Factors

Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a selective cancer treatment used in human oncology complementing other therapies. During mEHT, a focused electromagnetic field (EMF) is generated within the tumor inducing cell death by thermal and nonthermal effects. Here we investigated molecular changes elicited by mEHT using multiplex methods in an aggressive, therapy-resistant triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) model. 4T1/4T07 isografts inoculated orthotopically into female BALB/c mice were treated with mEHT three to five times. mEHT induced the upregulation of the stress-related Hsp70 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, resulting in effective inhibition of tumor growth and proliferation. Several acute stress response proteins, including protease inhibitors, coagulation and heat shock factors, and complement family members, were among the most upregulated treatment-related genes/proteins as revealed by next-generation sequencing (NGS), Nanostring and mass spectrometry (MS). pathway analysis demonstrated that several of these proteins belong to the response to stimulus pathway. Cell culture treatments confirmed that the source of these proteins was the tumor cells. The heat-shock factor inhibitor KRIBB11 reduced mEHT-induced complement factor 4 (C4) mRNA increase. In conclusion, mEHT monotherapy induced tumor growth inhibition and a complex stress response. Inhibition of this stress response is likely to enhance the effectiveness of mEHT and other cancer treatments.

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