scholarly journals Effects of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on oral malodor and the oral environment: a single-center observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao Suzuki ◽  
Richiko Beppu ◽  
Masahiro Yoneda ◽  
Toru Takeshita ◽  
Mikari Asakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Oral Malodor ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Objective: Although a relationship between Helicobacter pylori and oral malodor has been suggested, it remains to be confirmed. One reason for this is that many studies assess oral malodor subjectively. Another reason for the uncertainty is that the reduction in oral malodor may be due to the effect of antibiotics on the oral microbiota. In this study, changes in oral malodor after eradication of H. pylori were investigated by organoleptic test and gas chromatography. In addition, the salivary bacterial composition and clinical parameters were analyzed.Results: The organoleptic test score, hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide concentrations, and all clinical parameters except for tongue-coating score were significantly decreased at 1 week compared with baseline. On the date that H. pylori was determined to have been eradicated from all of the subjects (7 weeks after treatment), only the organoleptic test score was significantly lower compared with baseline. Although the overall composition of the salivary bacterial populations was altered by antibiotic treatment, they had recovered at 7 weeks. Therefore, it is possible that the levels of odorous components other than volatile sulfur compounds related to oral malodor were decreased by H. pylori eradication.

scholarly journals Effects of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on oral malodor and the oral environment: a single-center observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao Suzuki ◽  
Richiko Beppu ◽  
Masahiro Yoneda ◽  
Toru Takeshita ◽  
Mikari Asakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Oral Malodor ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Objective: Although a relationship between Helicobacter pylori and oral malodor has been suggested, it remains to be confirmed. One reason for this is that many studies assess oral malodor subjectively. Another reason for the uncertainty is that the reduction in oral malodor may be due to the effect of antibiotics on the oral microbiota. In this study, changes in oral malodor and the eradication treatment of H. pylori were investigated by organoleptic test and gas chromatography. In addition, the salivary bacterial composition and clinical parameters were analyzed.Results: The organoleptic test score, hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide concentrations, and all clinical parameters except for tongue-coating score were significantly decreased at 1 week compared with baseline. Although antibiotic treatment also altered the overall composition of the salivary bacterial population, it had recovered at 7 weeks. On the date that H. pylori was determined to have been eradicated from all of the subjects (7 weeks after treatment), only the organoleptic test score was significantly lower compared with baseline. The hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide concentrations were non-significantly lower than those at baseline.

scholarly journals Effects of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on oral malodor and the oral environment: a single-center observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao Suzuki ◽  
Richiko Beppu ◽  
Masahiro Yoneda ◽  
Toru Takeshita ◽  
Mikari Asakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Oral Malodor ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Objective : Although a relationship between Helicobacter pylori and oral malodor has been suggested, it remains to be confirmed. One reason for this is that many studies assess oral malodor subjectively. Another reason for the uncertainty is that the reduction in oral malodor may be due to the effect of antibiotics on the oral microbiota. In this study, changes in oral malodor and the eradication treatment of H. pylori were investigated by organoleptic test and gas chromatography. In addition, the salivary bacterial composition and clinical parameters were analyzed. Results : The organoleptic test score, hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide concentrations, and all clinical parameters except for tongue-coating score were significantly decreased at 1 week compared with baseline. Although antibiotic treatment also altered the overall composition of the salivary bacterial population, it had recovered at 7 weeks. On the date that H. pylori was determined to have been eradicated from all of the subjects (7 weeks after treatment), only the organoleptic test score was significantly lower compared with baseline. The hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide concentrations were non-significantly lower than those at baseline.

scholarly journals Oral microbiota and Helicobacter pylori in gastric carcinogenesis: what do we know and where next?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Zahra Bakhti ◽  
Saeid Latifi-Navid
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Transmission ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Prevention Methods

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies causing death worldwide, and Helicobacter pylori is a powerful inducer of precancerous lesions and GC. The oral microbiota is a complex ecosystem and is responsible for maintaining homeostasis, modulating the immune system, and resisting pathogens. It has been proposed that the gastric microbiota of oral origin is involved in the development and progression of GC. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between oral microbiota and GC and the role of H. pylori in this relationship is still controversial. This study was set to review the investigations done on oral microbiota and analyze various lines of evidence regarding the role of oral microbiota in GC, to date. Also, we discussed the interaction and relationship between H. pylori and oral microbiota in GC and the current understanding with regard to the underlying mechanisms of oral microbiota in carcinogenesis. More importantly, detecting the patterns of interaction between the oral cavity microbiota and H. pylori may render new clues for the diagnosis or screening of cancer. Integration of oral microbiota and H. pylori might manifest a potential method for the assessment of GC risk. Hence it needs to be specified the patterns of bacterial transmission from the oral cavity to the stomach and their interaction. Further evidence on the mechanisms underlying the oral microbiota communities and how they trigger GC may contribute to the identification of new prevention methods for GC. We may then modulate the oral microbiota by intervening with oral-gastric bacterial transmission or controlling certain bacteria in the oral cavity.

scholarly journals The Salivary Microbiome: Analysis of by Pyrosequencing and the Relationship with Helicobacter pylori Infection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Ji ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Hong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Hypervariable Regions ◽  
Salivary Microbiota ◽  
Before And After ◽  
H Pylori

Backgrounds: There have been reports of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the oral cavity and it has been suggested that the oral cavity may be a reservoir for H. pylori reflux from the stomach. Objectives: High-throughput pyrosequencing was used to assess the structure and composition of oral microbiota communities in individuals with or without confirmed H. pylori infection. Methods: Saliva samples were obtained from 34 H. pylori infected and 24 H. pylori uninfected subjects. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and examined by pyrosequencing by amplification of the 16S rDNA V3-V4 hypervariable regions followed by bioinformatics analysis. Saliva sampling was repeated from 22 of the 34 H. pylori infected subjects 2 months after H. pylori eradication. Results: High-quality sequences (2,812,659) clustered into 95,812 operational taxonomic units (OTUs; 97% identity), representing 440 independent species belonging to 138 genera, 68 families, 36 orders, 21 classes, and 11 phyla. Species richness (alpha diversity) of H. pylori infected subjects was similar to that of uninfected subjects. Eradication treatment decreased saliva bacterial diversity. Beta diversity analysis showed that the salivary microbial community structure differed between H. pylori infected and uninfected subjects both before and after H. pylori eradication. Conclusions: Salivary microbiota diversity was similar in H. pylori infected and uninfected individuals. Antibiotic therapy was associated with a decline in salivary bacterial diversity. Both H. pylori infection and its eradication caused the oral microbiota alterations in community and structure. The present of H. pylori in oral cavity was not related with its infection status in stomach.

scholarly journals Long-term persistence of gastric dysbiosis after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Watanabe ◽  
Yuji Nadatani ◽  
Wataru Suda ◽  
Akira Higashimori ◽  
Koji Otani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Submucosal Dissection ◽  
History Of ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Gastric microbiome, other than Helicobacter pylori, plays a role in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer (GC). Patients who undergo endoscopic submucosal dissection for early GC have a high risk of developing metachronous GC even after successful eradication of H. pylori. Thus, we investigated the microbial profiles and associated changes in such patients after the eradication of H. pylori. Methods A total of 19 H. pylori-infected patients with early GC who were or to be treated by endoscopic resection, with paired biopsy samples at pre- and post-eradication therapy, were retrospectively enrolled. Ten H. pylori-negative patients were enrolled as controls. Biopsy samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results H. pylori-positive patients exhibited low richness and evenness of bacteria with the deletion of several genera, including Blautia, Ralstonia, Faecalibacterium, Methylobacterium, and Megamonas. H. pylori eradication partially restored microbial diversity, as assessed during a median follow-up at 13 months after eradication therapy. However, post-eradication patients had less diversity than that in the controls and possessed a lower abundance of the five genera mentioned above. The eradication of H. pylori also altered the bacterial composition, but not to the same extent as that in controls. The microbial communities could be clustered into three separate groups: H. pylori-negative, pre-eradication, and post-eradication. Conclusion Changes in dysbiosis may persist long after the eradication of H. pylori in patients with a history of GC. Dysbiosis may be involved in the development of both primary and metachronous GC after the eradication of H. pylori in such patients.

scholarly journals Host-dependent Lewis (Le) antigen expression in Helicobacter pylori cells recovered from Leb-transgenic mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (13) ◽  
pp. 3061-3072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Pohl ◽  
Judith Romero-Gallo ◽  
Janaki L. Guruge ◽  
Doris B. Tse ◽  
Jeffrey I. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Type I ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Surface Antigen Expression ◽  
Bacterial Genetic ◽  
H Pylori

Variation of surface antigen expression is a mechanism used by microbes to adapt to and persist within their host habitats. Helicobacter pylori, a persistent bacterial colonizer of the human stomach, can alter its surface Lewis (Le) antigen expression. We examined H. pylori colonization in mice to test the hypothesis that host phenotype selects for H. pylori (Le) phenotypes. When wild-type and Leb-expressing transgenic FVB/N mice were challenged with H. pylori strain HP1, expressing Lex and Ley, we found that bacterial populations recovered after 8 mo from Leb-transgenic, but not wild-type, mice expressed Leb. Changes in Le phenotype were linked to variation of a putative galactosyltransferase gene (β-(1,3)galT); mutagenesis and complementation revealed its essential role in type I antigen expression. These studies indicate that H. pylori evolves to resemble the host's gastric Le phenotype, and reveal a bacterial genetic locus that is subject to host-driven selection pressure.

scholarly journals Rapid evolution of distinct Helicobacter pylori subpopulations in the Americas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa Thorell ◽  
Koji Yahara ◽  
Elvire Berthenet ◽  
Daniel J. Lawson ◽  
Ikuko Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
South America ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Genetic Exchange ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
The Us ◽  
H Pylori

AbstractFor the last 500 years, the Americas have been a melting pot both for genetically diverse humans and for the pathogenic and commensal organisms associated with them. One such organism is the stomach dwelling bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is highly prevalent in Latin America where it is a major current public health challenge because of its strong association with gastric cancer. By analyzing the genome sequence of H. pylori isolated in North, Central and South America, we found evidence for admixture between H. pylori of European and African origin throughout the Americas, without substantial input from pre-Columbian (hspAmerind) bacteria. In the US, strains of African and European origin have remained genetically distinct, while in Colombia and Nicaragua, bottlenecks and rampant genetic exchange amongst isolates have led to the formation of national gene pools. We found four outer membrane proteins with atypical levels of Asian ancestry in American strains, including the adhesion factor AlpB, suggesting a role for the ethnic makeup of hosts in the colonization of incoming strains. Our results show that new H. pylori subpopulations can rapidly arise, spread and adapt during times of demographic flux, and suggest that differences in transmission ecology between high and low prevalence areas may substantially affect the composition of bacterial populations.Author SummaryHelicobacter pylori is one of the best studied examples of an intimate association between bacteria and humans, due to its ability to colonize the stomach for decades and to transmit from generation to generation. A number of studies have sought to link diversity in H. pylori to human migrations but there are some discordant signals such as an “out of Africa” dispersal within the last few thousand years that has left a much stronger signal in bacterial genomes than in human ones. In order to understand how such discrepancies arise, we have investigated the evolution of H. pylori during the recent colonization of the Americas. We find that bacterial populations evolve quickly and can spread rapidly to people of different ethnicities. Distinct new bacterial subpopulations have formed in Colombia from a European source and in Nicaragua and the US from African sources. Genetic exchange between bacterial populations is rampant within Central and South America but is uncommon within North America, which may reflect differences in prevalence. Our results also suggest that adaptation of bacteria to particular human ethnic groups may be confined to a handful of genes involved in interaction with the immune system.

scholarly journals Gastric Helicobacter pylori infection perturbs human oral microbiota

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eng-Guan Chua ◽  
Ju-Yee Chong ◽  
Binit Lamichhane ◽  
K. Mary Webberley ◽  
Barry J. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Abundance ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
H Pylori

Background We investigated the effects of gastric Helicobacter pylori infection on the daytime and overnight human oral microbiota. Methods Twenty four volunteers were recruited. Ten tested positive for H. pylori infection by the Carbon-14 Urea Breath Test, and the rest were negative. Two oral swabs were collected: one immediately after waking up in the morning and before brushing teeth, and another in the evening before teeth-brushing. DNA extract acquired from each swab was subjected to Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The microbial abundance and composition were analysed in relation to H. pylori infection status. Results Helicobacter pylori-positive individuals had significant changes in the alpha and beta diversities in the daytime samples in comparison to those who were H. pylori negative. To identify which taxa could be significantly affected within the cohorts in the daytime, we employed the LEfSe method. When compared against UBT-negative samples, significantly higher abundances were detected in both Pseudomonas and Roseomonas, while Fusobacterium, Solobacterium, Haemophilus and Streptococcus were significantly decreased in the UBT-positive samples. Discussion Our data demonstrated that H. pylori infection affects the human daytime oral microbiota. The hitherto undocumented changes of several bacterial genera due to H. pylori infection require more studies to examine their potential health effects on affected individuals.

scholarly journals Repeated out-of-Africa expansions of Helicobacter pylori driven by replacement of deleterious mutations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Thorpe ◽  
Elise Tourrette ◽  
Koji Yahara ◽  
Filipa Vale ◽  
Siqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Deleterious Mutations ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Anatomically Modern Humans ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Out Of Africa ◽  
H Pylori

All genomes mutate but the consequences of the resulting deleterious mutational load are poorly understood. Helicobacter pylori lives in the human stomach, has a higher mutation rate than most bacteria and has accompanied anatomically modern humans in migrations including the out-of-Africa expansion more than 50,000 years ago. H. pylori from East Asia have accumulated at least 500 more non-synonymous mutations than African strains, which we propose is due to reduced efficacy of selection during the out-of-Africa bottleneck. H. pylori from Europe and the Middle East trace a substantially higher fraction of ancestry from modern African populations than the humans that carry them, which we find is due to at least three separate admixture events. African ancestry is elevated at positions in the genome where non-synonymous mutations are at high frequency in Asia. We propose that this is due to replacement of deleterious mutations that accumulated during the bottleneck, with the high overall African ancestry proportion due to clonal expansion of strains of African origin. We use simulations to show that a Muller's ratchet like effect can lead to long-term segregation of deleterious mutations within bacterial populations after a bottleneck, despite high rates of homologous recombination, but that population fitness can be restored by migration of small numbers of bacteria from non-bottlenecked populations. Our results demonstrate that population bottlenecks can have long-term genomic and demographic consequences, even in species with enormous population sizes.

The rod-to-coccoid body transformation in cultures of Helicobacter pylori

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-627
Author(s):  
A. R. Crooker ◽  
W. G. Kraft ◽  
T. L. Beard ◽  
M. C. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Body Formation ◽  
Coccoid Form ◽  
Spiral Form ◽  
Prolonged Culture ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic, gram-negative bacterium found in the upper gastrointestinal tract of humans. There is strong evidence that H. pylori is important in the etiology of gastritis; the bacterium may also be a major predisposing cause of peptic ulceration. On the gastric mucosa, the organism exists as a spiral form with one to seven sheathed flagella at one (usually) or both poles. Short spirals were seen in the first successful culture of the organism in 1983. In 1984, Marshall and Warren reported a coccoid form in older cultures. Since that time, other workers have observed rod and coccal forms in vitro; coccoid forms predominate in cultures 3-7 days old. We sought to examine the growth cycle of H. pylori in prolonged culture and the mode of coccoid body formation.

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