Expression of Type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus under stress condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Karimaei ◽  
Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani ◽  
Nader Shahrokhi ◽  
Rahil Mashhadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pourmand
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Antibacterial Target

Abstract BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing chronic to persistent infections. Amongst diverse factors of pathogenesis in bacteria, toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have a potential to be presented as an antibacterial target due to their participation in cell physiology including stress responses. This study was conducted to determine the effects of thermal and oxidative stresses on expression of type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Materials/methodsExpression of type II TA genes (mazF, relE1, relE2 and immA) and clpP gene in MRSA strain were evaluated following thermal and oxidative stresses by qRT-PCR techniques.ResultsThe cell viability was constant across thermal stress, whereas oxidative stress induction resulted in a significant reduction in the growth of MRSA strain. The result of RT-qPCR revealed that TA genes were expressed in stress conditions and expression of mazF gene increased under both thermal and oxidative stresses in MRSA strain.ConclusionsBased on our results, the MRSA strain responded to stress by altering the expression level of TA genes. In overall, TA system could be an antibacterial target in S. aureus that can revitalize the research on TA systems in this pathogen.

scholarly journals Expression of type II toxin-antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under thermal and oxidative stress conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Karimaei ◽  
Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani ◽  
Nader Shahrokhi ◽  
Rahil Mashhadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pourmand
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Antibacterial Target

Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is a main human pathogen that causes a variety of chronic to persistent infections. Across the diverse factors of pathogenesis in bacteria, Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems can be considered as an antibacterial target due to their involvement in cellular physiology counting stress responses. Here, the expression of TA system genes and ClpP protease was investigated under the thermal and oxidative conditions in S. aureus strains. Materials and Methods: The colony-forming unit (CFU) was used to determine the effects of thermal and oxidative stresses on bacterial survival. Moreover, the expressions of TA system genes in S. aureus strains were evaluated 30 min and 1 h after thermal and oxidative stresses, respectively, by quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: The cell viability was constant across thermal stress while oxidative stress induction showed a significantly decrease in the growth of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. Based on the qRT-PCR results, the expression of mazF gene increased under both thermal and oxidative stresses in the MRSA strain. Conclusion: A putative TA system (namely immA/irrA) most likely has a role under the stress condition of S. aureus. The MRSA strain responds to stress by shifting the expression level of TA genes that has diverse effects on the survival of the pathogen due to the stress conditions. The TA systems may be introduced as potential targets for antibacterial treatment.

scholarly journals Distribution of Virulence Genes Among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus of Clinical and Environmental Origin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepshikha Bhowmik ◽  
Shiela Chetri ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Debadatta Dhar Chanda ◽  
Amitabha Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type V

Abstract Objective: This study was designed to discover the dissemination of virulence genes in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and environmental settings. Results: The virulence gene such as sea (n=54), seb (n=21), eta (n=27), etb (n=2), cna (n=24), ica (n=2) and tst (n=30) was revealed from this study. Different SCCmec types such as type I, type II, type III, type IV, type V, type VI, type VII, type VIII and type XII were detected among sixty three MRSA isolates where SCCmec type II having ST1551 and type V with ST2416 were found to be associated with multidrug resistance and were highly prevalent in the study area.

scholarly journals Screening for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Using Sponges

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Seop Lee ◽  
Bianca Montalmont ◽  
Jessica A. O’Hara ◽  
Alveena Syed ◽  
Charma Chaussard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Positive Specimen ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain

OBJECTIVENasal swab culture is the standard method for identifying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers. However, this method is known to miss a substantial portion of those carrying MRSA elsewhere. We hypothesized that the additional use of a sponge to collect skin culture samples would significantly improve the sensitivity of MRSA detection.DESIGNHospitalized patients with recent MRSA infection were enrolled and underwent MRSA screening of the forehead, nostrils, pharynx, axilla, and groin with separate swabs and the forehead, axilla, and groin with separate sponges. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing was conducted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).PATIENTSA total of 105 MRSA patients were included in the study.RESULTSAt least 1 specimen from 56.2% of the patients grew MRSA. Among patients with at least 1 positive specimen, the detection sensitivities were 79.7% for the swabs and 64.4% for the sponges. Notably, 86.4% were detected by a combination of sponges and nasal swab, and 72.9% were detected by a combination of pharyngeal and nasal swabs, whereas only 50.9% were detected by nasal swab alone (P<0.0001 and P=0.0003, respectively). Most isolates had SCCmec type II (59.9%) and IV (35.7%). No correlation was observed between the SCCmec types and collection sites.CONCLUSIONScreening using a sponge significantly improves MRSA detection when used in addition to screening with the standard nasal swab.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;36(1): 28–33

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying SCCmec type II was more frequent than the Brazilian endemic clone as a cause of nosocomial bacteremia

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio Hehl Caiaffa-Filho ◽  
Priscila A. Trindade ◽  
Paula Gabriela da Cunha ◽  
Cecilia Salete Alencar ◽  
Gladys V.B. Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nosocomial Bacteremia

scholarly journals ComparativeIn VitroActivities of Oritavancin, Dalbavancin, and Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in a Nondividing State

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 4342-4345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Belley ◽  
David Lalonde Seguin ◽  
Francis Arhin ◽  
Greg Moeck
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACTAntibacterial agents that kill nondividing bacteria may be of utility in treating persistent infections. Oritavancin and dalbavancin are bactericidal lipoglycopeptides that are approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections in adults caused by susceptible Gram-positive pathogens. Using time-kill methodology, we demonstrate that oritavancin exerts bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) isolates that are maintained in a nondividing statein vitro, whereas dalbavancin and the glycopeptide vancomycin do not.

scholarly journals Clinical and pathogenic features of SCCmec type II and IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujiko Mitsumoto-Kaseida ◽  
Masayuki Murata ◽  
Kazuhiro Toyoda ◽  
Yuiko Morokuma ◽  
Makiko Kiyosuke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Differential Expression of ccrA in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Carrying Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Type II and IVa Elements

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 4556-4558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Higgins ◽  
Adriana E. Rosato ◽  
Harald Seifert ◽  
Gordon L. Archer ◽  
Hilmar Wisplinghoff
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACT Excision of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) is mediated through the ccrA- and -B-encoded recombinases. We investigated the effects of different antimicrobial agents on ccrA expression by using a ccrA::lacZ fusion and reverse transcription-PCR with methicillin (meticillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains MW2 (SCCmec IVa) and N315 (SCCmec II). Upregulation of ccrA was observed upon exposure to β-lactam antibiotics. Vancomycin increased ccrA expression in MW2 but had no effect on N315. Vancomycin may contribute to the transfer of SCCmec IVa but have no effect in SCCmec II.

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