scholarly journals Antibiotic self-medication in Afghanistan: first report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohullah Roien ◽  
Sayed Hamid Mousavi ◽  
Mohammad Arif Athaie ◽  
Mahdi Mohaqiq ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Delshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care System

Abstract Introduction: The purpose of this study was to find, the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics, and antibiotics used for self-treated disease.Methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out among 385 participants in 12 community pharmacies located in 4 different regions of Kabul from May to November 2017. Standard questionnaire based on similar studies was designed and distributed among participants. Data was collected and analyzed in SPSS 16.0.Results: out of 385 participants (61.29% male and 38.70% female) 282 persons (73.25%) had practiced antibiotic self-medication during last year. The common reasons for antibiotic self-medication was economic problems (26.95%), lack of time (22.69%), comfortability (21.63%), lack of confidence on health care system (17.37%), and poor access to health care facilities (11.34%). Conditions like cough (28.01%), common cold (14.89%), respiratory infections (13.47%), sore throat (12.41%) and diarrhea (7.44%) were commonly self-medicated with antibiotics. penicillins (25.17%), metronidazole (15.60%), ceftriaxone (14.18%), tetracycline (10.28%), Azithromycin (9.21%), cefixime (7.09%), ciprofloxacin (6.73%) were mostly used for self-medication. 93 (32.97%) respondents had experienced side effects during antibiotic self-medication. Conclusions: The prevalence of antibiotic self-medication is very high (75.53%) in Kabul and this widespread antibiotic use has increased the risk of antibiotic resistance. Awareness and Strict rules for selling antibiotics without prescription should be developed and implemented to improve the rational use of antibiotics. Only pharmacists or professional peoples should be permitted to work in pharmacies. The quality, accessibility and cost of health care services should be enhanced in order to improve patient’ satisfaction in health care system.

scholarly journals Timely Postpartum Visits for Low-Income Women: A Health System and Medicaid Payer Partnership

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (S2) ◽  
pp. S215-S218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Howell ◽  
Amy Balbierz ◽  
Susan Beane ◽  
Rashi Kumar ◽  
Tom Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New York ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postpartum Visit ◽  
Care System

A health care system and a Medicaid payer partnered to develop an educational intervention and payment redesign program to improve timely postpartum visits for low-income, high-risk mothers in New York City between April 2015 and October 2016. The timely postpartum visit rate was higher for 363 mothers continuously enrolled in the program than for a control group matched by propensity score (67% [243/363] and 56% [407/726], respectively; P < .001). An innovative partnership between a health care system and Medicaid payer improved access to health care services and community resources for high-risk mothers.

scholarly journals Latvian health care competitiveness in relation to its infrastructure and available resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
A. Kokarevica ◽  
A. Villerusa ◽  
D. Behmane ◽  
U. Berkis ◽  
V. Cauce
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
International Health ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Care System

Resources are one of the essential indicators for the functioning of the health care system. Better health care provision is an essential prerequisite for the export of services. Traditionally a competitive health care system is linked to a number of factors (price, quality, reliability, products and services) largely determined by the new technologies, innovations and implementation the new methods. The authors of this article analyzed and collected data from the European Commission Eurostat and OECD data. Current situation in health care in Latvia is characterized by populations’ restricted access to health care services, high out-of-pocket payments and poor health outcomes of the population. More than 10% of Latvian population can’t afford medical care. The ratio of public funding for healthcare in Latvia is among the lowest in EU countries. Latvia spends 5.3% (USD PPP 1217) of GDP on health, lower than the OCED country average of 8.9% (USD PPP 3453). Latvia is facing a dramatic gap between the availability of hospital beds and long term care beds and the lowest prevalence of general medical practitioners among all Baltic States 321.6 per 100 000. These mentioned factors may hinder the development of health care in Latvia and reduce the ability to participate in international health service market.

Post-Fordism's Contradictory Trends: The Case of the Israeli Health Care System

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANI FILC
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Care Services ◽  
National Health Insurance Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Care System

The transition from the Fordist hegemonic model to post-Fordism is a complex process. It is not the unavoidable result of technological changes, but the contingent consequence of a hegemonic, political, struggle taking place at the different spheres of the social. This article studies the transformations that took place in the Israeli health care system during the last two decades in order to exemplify the political and contradictory character of the transition to post-Fordism. The article emphasises the contradiction between the partial commodification of financing and the privatisation of certain health care facilities, and the legislation of the National Health Insurance Law, which guaranteed the right to access to public health care services.

scholarly journals Self-rated health among women and their assessment of the health care system / Samoocena zdravja med ženskami in njihov odnos do zdravstvenega sistema v sloveniji

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Ule ◽  
Slavko Kurdija
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Self Assessed Health ◽  
Care System

Abstract Background: This article researches gender inequality in health based on subjective assessments of health, the accessibility of health care services and trust in the health care system between different social categories of women in Slovenia. Methods: The study is based on the Slovenian Public Opinion survey (ISSP Health Module) carried out in 2011 on representative samples of the adult Slovenian population. In the data, we investigated the gender differences and difference between different socio-economic categories within the female sub-sample in self-assessed health, and some other related topics such as: trust in doctors, trust in health care system, access to health care services and attitude to the health care policy in Slovenia. Results: The data shows significant inequalities in self-assessed health between different social strata. Self-assessed health is significantly lower among women at the bottom of the educational and income scale. The data also reveals strong support for the preservation of the available public health. Conclusion: Neoliberal economic reforms (of health care) affect vulnerable social categories the most, and women are particularly exposed. The use of women’s unpaid work in the family belongs among the basic (neo)liberal saving strategies. These want to take more care and health work within families from the shoulders of the state and place it onto the shoulders of family members, which mainly means women. In these circumstances, it is understandable that women subjectively assess their health as being worse than men’s. Moreover, conditions are being established that de facto could lead to worse health in the female population in Slovenia.

scholarly journals Curing or causing? HIV/AIDS in health care system of Punjab, Pakistan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254476
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah ◽  
Babar Tasneem Shaikh ◽  
Haider Ghazanfar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Care System ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background Pakistan’s National AIDS Control Program has registered 44,000 HIV/AIDS patients to date, but the actual number of cases have been estimated to be as high as 150,000–170,000. The health care system has a very important role to play in this equation and must be reformed to improve the health care services in Pakistan, with regards to HIV/AIDS. Methods It was a qualitative research employing a phenomenological approach. The principal researcher visited nine public and private health care facilities and conducted 19 key informant interviews with people working for providing preventive and curative services, in addition to the observations made on the site. Results Pakistan’s health system has a limited capacity to address the HIV spread in the country, with its current resources. There is an obvious scarcity of resources at the preventive, diagnostic and curative level. However, menace can be curtailed through measures taken at the service delivery level by checking the unsafe needles practices, unclean surgical procedures and an unregulated and untrained private health workforce which are dangerous potentials routes of transmission of the virus to the general population. Healthcare establishments carry the chances of nosocomial infections including HIV/AIDS. Poverty, illiteracy and stigma associated with the disease is compounding the overall situation. Conclusion Improved accessibility to service delivery with a greater focus on prevention would be imperative to address the threat of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan. A health systems approach would help in identifying gaps at both strategic and operational levels, and concurrently find and implement solutions.

scholarly journals People Centeredness, Chronic Conditions and Diversity Sensitive eHealth: Exploring Emancipation of the ‘Health Care System’ and the ‘Patient’ in Health Informatics

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Lars Botin ◽  
Pernille S. Bertelsen ◽  
Lars Kayser ◽  
Paul Turner ◽  
Sidsel Villumsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Health care systems struggle to consistently deliver integrated high-quality, safe, and patient-centered care to all in an economically sustainable manner. Inequity of access to health care services and variation in diagnostic and treatment outcomes are common. Further, as health care systems become ever more complex, iatrogenesis and counter productivity have emerged as real dangers. In exploring this paradox, this paper considers a subset of those in society living with chronic conditions. Their attributes and circumstances have led to them being marginalized or excluded from ‘end-user’ engagement and/or from their requirements being incorporated into technology supported chronic disease management initiatives. Significantly, these citizens are often the most vulnerable and socially disadvantaged and tend to achieve poorer results and cost more per capita than the ‘average patient’ in their interactions with the health care system. Critically, this paper argues that a truly people-centered technology supported chronic care system can only be designed by understanding and responding to the needs, attributes and capabilities of the most vulnerable in society. This paper suggests innovative ways of supporting interactions with these ‘end-users’ and highlights how reflection on these approaches can contribute to emancipating the health system to move towards more socially inclusive eHealth solutions.

scholarly journals Participation Status of Charities in Iran’s Health System

Health Scope ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raana Gholamzadeh Nikjoo ◽  
Nasrin Joudyian ◽  
Yegane Partovi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Charitable Organizations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Care System

Objective: This study aimed to reflect on the participation status of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) at different levels (i.e., prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation) of Iran’s health care system. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was fulfilled in 2019 based on 40 charitable organizations involved in health care services delivery, which were randomly selected from the Iranian Charities Portal (ICP). Data were collected via a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. SPSS software version 16.0 was used to analyze data. Results: Direct and indirect methods of service delivery were used in 63% of organizations. The most important sources of funding were associated with public donations. Furthermore, 94% of charities were evaluating the health care services with internal and external evaluation and customer satisfaction surveys. Conclusions: The NGOs could be a precious contribution to the health care system. To use this potential as a synergistic factor of the health system, adopting such strategies as creating sustainable funding sources and establishing more coordination between organizations are essential.

Assisting People With Their Living, Not Their Dying: Health Professionals’ Perspectives of Palliative Care and Opioids in ILD

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912110186
Author(s):  
Lauren Russo ◽  
Karen Willis ◽  
Natasha Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Therapeutic Relationships ◽  
Specialist Palliative Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Palliation ◽  
Care System

Objectives: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a debilitating and life-limiting condition, requiring multi-disciplinary care. While guidelines recommend early specialist palliative care referral to improve symptoms and quality of life, few patients access such care towards the end-of-life. This study aimed to explore clinicians’ perspectives regarding specialist palliative care and opioids to understand barriers to optimal care and guide clinical practice improvement initiatives. Methods: A cross-sectional, exploratory, qualitative study was undertaken with Australian respiratory clinicians caring for people with ILD (n = 17). In-depth, semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded. Thematic analysis was undertaken to extrapolate recurring ideas from the data. Results: Four themes were identified: 1) understanding how to improve patient care and support, 2) the need to dispel stigmatized beliefs and misconceptions, 3) the importance of trusted relationships and good communication and 4) the challenges of navigating the health-care system. Participants discussed the need to implement early specialist palliative care and symptom palliation to alleviate symptoms, provide emotional support and augment quality of life. Participants described challenges accessing palliative care and opioids due to stigmatized beliefs amongst patients and clinicians and difficulties navigating the health-care system. Trusted therapeutic relationships with patients and strong inter-disciplinary partnerships with collaborative education and communication were perceived to improve patients’ access to symptom palliation. Conclusion: Specialist palliative care and opioids were believed to improve patients’ quality of life, however, many barriers can make accessing such care challenging. To address these issues, multi-disciplinary collaboration, high-quality communication and trusted therapeutic relationships are crucial throughout the ILD illness journey.

Health System in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Daniel Ślęzak ◽  
Przemysław Żuratyński ◽  
Klaudiusz Nadolny ◽  
Marlena Robakowska ◽  
Alicja Kalis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Right To Health Care ◽  
Health Fund ◽  
National Health Fund ◽  
Care System

Health care systems face challenges related to the technological advances in medicine, demographic changes and limited opportunities for growth funding for health, necessitating greater involvement in the search for more efficient systems. The authors present the functioning of the Polish health care system based on social, historical outline of the healthcare system in Poland and the functioning of the National Health Fund (NFZ). Poland has undergone many reforms of the health care system, the Bismarck model, the model Siemaszko, and finally to a model of universal health insurance. So everyone has the same right to health care services financed by the NFZ or directly from the state budget (eg. The system of state emergency medical services). The National Health Fund allows anyone insured to free healthcare and reimbursement of medicines. Introduced information about information programs.

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