scholarly journals Control of Panama Disease of Banana by Intercropping with Chinese Chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): Cultivar Differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Fang Li ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Chenlin He ◽  
Kelin Cheng ◽  
Rensen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Chinese Chive ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Highlightsl Intercropping of banana with Chinese chive can effectively reduce Panama diseasel Selection of appropriate cultivars of Chinese chive for intercropping is criticall 2-Methyl-2-pentenal (MP) is the key compound for the pathogen inhibitionl MP content and antifungal activity are key indices for cultivar selectionBackground Panama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study six cultivars of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana. Methods and Results The six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease.Conclusions Our results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.

scholarly journals Control of Panama disease of banana by intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): cultivar differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenfang Li ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Chenling He ◽  
Kelin Cheng ◽  
Rensen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Chinese Chive

Abstract Panama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study, six cultivars of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana. The six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. FJH cultivar showed the best inhibitory effect among all six cultivars. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease. Our results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.

scholarly journals Control of Panama disease of banana by intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): cultivar differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Fang Li ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Chenling He ◽  
Kelin Cheng ◽  
Rensen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Chinese Chive

Abstract Panama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study, six cultivars of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana. The six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. FJH cultivar showed the best inhibitory effect among all six cultivars. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease.Our results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.

scholarly journals Control of Panama disease of banana by intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): cultivar differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Fang Li ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Chenlin He ◽  
Kelin Cheng ◽  
Rensen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Chinese Chive

Abstract BackgroundPanama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study six cultivars of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana.Methods and ResultsThe six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. FJH cultivar showed the best inhibitory effect among all six cultivars. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease.ConclusionsOur results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.

scholarly journals Control of Panama disease of banana by intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): cultivar differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Fang Li ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Chenlin He ◽  
Kelin Cheng ◽  
Rensen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Chinese Chive

Abstract Panama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study, six cultivars of Chinese chive ( Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana. The six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. FJH cultivar showed the best inhibitory effect among all six cultivars. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease. Our results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.

scholarly journals Control of Panama disease of banana by intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): cultivar differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Fang Li ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Chenling He ◽  
Kelin Cheng ◽  
Rensen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Chinese Chive

Abstract Panama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study, six cultivars of Chinese chive ( Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana. The six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. FJH cultivar showed the best inhibitory effect among all six cultivars. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease. Our results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.

scholarly journals Resistance to sharp eyespot in wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
M.G. Cromey ◽  
C.C.L. Hide ◽  
E.D. Meenken
Keyword(s):  
Primary Infection ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Sharp Eyespot ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Low Incidence

Susceptibility of 16 wheat cultivars to sharp eyespot (caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis) was examined in field experiments Disease incidence varied markedly between experiments but one cultivar Regency consistently had very low incidence which was confirmed in a greenhouse experiment Some cultivars had a high incidence of disease in some field experiments but most cultivars had intermediate incidence A greenhouse experiment provided some evidence for pathogenic variation in R cerealis Monitoring of disease progression in commercial crops confirmed the cultivar differences identified in field experiments Infection was greater in crops sown in midautumn than in lateautumn to winter Primary infection occurred during seedling growth stages with maximum disease incidence occurring by late spring Primary infection developed in resistant cultivars but there was little spread to inner leaf sheaths Selection for resistance to sharp eyespot is feasible in breeding programmes and commercial losses could be reduced by using the more resistant cultivars

scholarly journals The research of dynamic impacts on the hydraulic structure foundation base, transformed in the process of accident recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 04040
Author(s):  
Zaven Ter-Martirosyan ◽  
Ivan Luzin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Dynamic Impacts ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the results of a comprehensive research of the dynamic impacts on a modified base. The modified base was obtained as a result of compensatory injection at the experimental site for the accident recovery at the hydraulic engineering structure. The complex study of the dynamic impacts includes special laboratory tests to determine the soil parameters, the finite element analysis of the experimental site, taking into account the dynamic properties, the selection of the necessary equipment for field experiments based on the numerical solution results, a full-scale experiment with the measurement of the foundation sediments of the experimental site.

scholarly journals Development of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract Emulsion Formulations in Controlling Gray Mold Disease on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Siti Fairuz Yusoff ◽  
Farah Farhanah Haron ◽  
Norhayu Asib ◽  
Mahmud Tengku Muda Mohamed ◽  
Siti Izera Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Emulsion Formulation

Postharvest fruits including tomatoes are commonly infected by gray mold disease resulting in significant economic losses in the fruit industry. Therefore, this study aimed to develop botanical fungicide derived from Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract to control gray mold on tomato. The emulsion formulation containing surfactant, oil carrier and water was optimized at different non-ionic alkyl polyglucoside surfactants through eleven combinations of oil to surfactant ratio (0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1 and 10:0 w/w). From eight selected formulations, two formulations, F5 and F7 showed stable in storage, remarkable thermodynamic stability, smaller particle size (66.44 and 139.63 nm), highly stable in zeta potential (−32.70 and −31.70 mV), low in polydispersity index (0.41 and 0.40 PdI), low in viscosity (4.20 and 4.37 cP) and low in surface tension (27.62 and 26.41 mN/m) as compared to other formulations. In situ antifungal activity on tomato fruits showed F5 formulation had a fungicidal activity against B. cinerea with zero disease incidence and severity, whereas F7 formulation reduced 62.5% disease incidence compared to a positive control with scale 1. Based on these findings, F5 formulation exhibited pronounced antifungal activity and may contribute to the development of new and safe antifungal product against gray mold on tomato.

scholarly journals Field Evaluations of Leaf Spot Resistance and Yield in Peanut Genotypes in the United States and Bolivia

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Gremillion ◽  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
D. W. Gorbet ◽  
B. G. Mullinix ◽  
R. N. Pittman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Progress Curve

Field experiments were conducted in 2002 to 2006 to characterize yield potential and disease resistance in the Bolivian landrace peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cv. Bayo Grande, and breeding lines developed from crosses of Bayo Grande and U.S. cv. Florida MDR-98. Diseases of interest included early leaf spot, caused by the fungus Cercospora arachidicola, and late leaf spot, caused by the fungus Cercosporidium personatum. Bayo Grande, MDR-98, and three breeding lines, along with U.S. cvs. C-99R and Georgia Green, were included in split-plot field experiments in six locations across the United States and Bolivia. Whole-plot treatments consisted of two tebuconazole applications and a nontreated control. Genotypes were the subplot treatments. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for percent defoliation due to leaf spot was lower for Bayo Grande and all breeding lines than for Georgia Green at all U.S. locations across years. AUDPC for disease incidence from one U.S. location indicated similar results. Severity of leaf spot epidemics and relative effects of the genotypes were less consistent in the Bolivian experiments. In Bolivia, there were no indications of greater levels of disease resistance in any of the breeding lines than in Bayo Grande. In the United States, yields of Bayo Grande and the breeding lines were greater than those of the other genotypes in 1 of 2 years. In Bolivia, low disease intensity resulted in the highest yields in Georgia Green, while high disease intensity resulted in comparable yields among the breeding lines, MDR-98, and C-99R. Leaf spot suppression by tebuconazole was greater in Bolivia than in the United States. This result indicates a possible higher level of fungicide resistance in the U.S. population of leaf spot pathogens. Overall, data from this study suggest that Bayo Grande and the breeding lines may be desirable germplasm for U.S. and Bolivian breeding programs or production.

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