scholarly journals Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease and Avian Influenza A (H1N1) Complicated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui-yun Zuo ◽  
Ding-hui Wu ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Hai-bin Chen ◽  
Ming-yao Ke
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Objective: Both 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and avian influenza A (H1N1) are serious acute respiratory diseases with a predisposition to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our aim was to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and H1N1 influenza complicated with ARDS.Methods: We retrospectively studied data of 12 patients with ARDS (7 with COVID-19; 5 with H1N1 influenza) who were managed at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College and Xinglin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between December 20, 2019 and February 29, 2020. We extracted the clinical information and outcomes from the hospital medical charts.Results: Patients with COVID-19 were older and were more likely to have underlying diseases. Low-to-moderate fever was more frequent and upper respiratory tract symptoms were less common in COVID-19 patients. Chest computed tomography of patients with COVID-19 more frequently revealed bilateral nodular patchy ground-glass opacities in the subpleural and central lobular regions. Heart disorders and pleural effusion were less frequent, and coagulopathy was more common in patients with COVID-19. The average duration of stay in the respiratory intensive care unit was longer in patients with COVID-19. The disease severity and clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups.Conclusion: Older age, higher comorbidity frequency, abnormal coagulation responses, longer hypoxemia duration, pulmonary fibrosis, and poorer clinical outcomes are the main characteristics in patients with COVID-19 who have ARDS. This calls for closer dynamic monitoring and more rigorous follow-up.

scholarly journals Spectrum of clinical and radiographic findings in patients with diagnosis of H1N1 and correlation with clinical severity

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Schoen ◽  
Natally Horvat ◽  
Nicolau F. C. Guerreiro ◽  
Isac de Castro ◽  
Karina S. de Giassi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Thoracic Pain ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical and imaging findings with a worse clinical outcome in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of H1N1 influenza A virus. Methods Patients with a positive viral test for influenza A H1N1 in 2016 and chest radiography (CR) and/or computed tomography (CT) results had clinical and imaging data reviewed. Hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit or death were defined as worse clinical outcomes. The association between clinical and imaging features and the worse outcome was calculated in a logistical regression model. Results Eighty of 160 (50%) patients were men, with a mean age of 43 ± 19 years. The most common symptoms were as follows: flu-like symptoms 141/160 (88%), dyspnea (25/160, 17%), and thoracic pain (7/160, 5%). Abnormalities on CR were detected in 8/110 (7%) patients, and 43/59 (73%) patients had an abnormal CT. The following variables were associated with worse clinical outcomes: the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, dyspnea, thoracic pain, abnormal CR or CT regardless of the type of finding, CT with consolidation or ground glass opacity. Conclusions The presence of DM, hypertension, dyspnea, thoracic pain, or an abnormal CR or CT on admission were associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with H1N1 influenza A virus infection. Thus, the use of readily accessible clinical and imaging features on admission may have a role in the evaluation of patients with H1N1 infection.

Clinical Characteristics of H1N1 Influenza A-Associated Mild Encephalopathy with Reversible Splenial Lesion: 4 Pediatric Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-820
Author(s):  
Xu-fang Li ◽  
Bin Ai ◽  
Jia-wei Ye ◽  
Li-mei Tan ◽  
Hua-mei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Splenial Lesion

scholarly journals Progression and Trends in Virus from Influenza A to COVID-19: An Overview of Recent Studies

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Hakimeh Baghaei Daemi ◽  
Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar ◽  
Xinlin He ◽  
Chengfei Li ◽  
Morteza Karimpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
First Case ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Influenza is a highly known contagious viral infection that has been responsible for the death of many people in history with pandemics. These pandemics have been occurring every 10 to 30 years in the last century. The most recent global pandemic prior to COVID-19 was the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. A decade ago, the H1N1 virus caused 12,500 deaths in just 19 months globally. Now, again, the world has been challenged with another pandemic. Since December 2019, the first case of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection was detected in Wuhan. This infection has risen rapidly throughout the world; even the World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 as a worldwide emergency to ensure human health and public safety. This review article aims to discuss important issues relating to COVID-19, including clinical, epidemiological, and pathological features of COVID-19 and recent progress in diagnosis and treatment approaches for the COVID-19 infection. We also highlight key similarities and differences between COVID-19 and influenza A to ensure the theoretical and practical details of COVID-19.

Epidemiological analysis of critically ill adult patients with pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in South Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 1070-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. HONG ◽  
E. Y. CHOI ◽  
S. H. KIM ◽  
G. Y. SUH ◽  
M. S. PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Comorbidities

SUMMARYA total of 245 patients with confirmed 2009 H1N1 influenza were admitted to the intensive-care units of 28 hospitals (South Korea). Their mean age was 55·3 years with 68·6% aged >50 years, and 54·7% male. Nine were obese and three were pregnant. One or more comorbidities were present in 83·7%, and nosocomial acquisition occurred in 14·3%. In total, 107 (43·7%) patients received corticosteroids and 66·1% required mechanical ventilation. Eighty (32·7%) patients died within 30 days after onset of symptoms and 99 (40·4%) within 90 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the clinician's decision to prescribe corticosteroids, older age, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and nosocomial bacterial pneumonia were independent risk factors for 90-day mortality. In contrast with Western countries, critical illness in Korea in relation to 2009 H1N1 was most common in older patients with chronic comorbidities; nosocomial acquisition occurred occasionally but disease in obese or pregnant patients was uncommon.

scholarly journals Evolution and Adaptation of the Avian H7N9 Virus into the Human Host

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Bisset ◽  
Gerard F. Hoyne
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Polymerase ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Avian Origin

Influenza viruses arise from animal reservoirs, and have the potential to cause pandemics. In 2013, low pathogenic novel avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses emerged in China, resulting from the reassortment of avian-origin viruses. Following evolutionary changes, highly pathogenic strains of avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses emerged in late 2016. Changes in pathogenicity and virulence of H7N9 viruses have been linked to potential mutations in the viral glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), as well as the viral polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2). Recognizing that effective viral transmission of the influenza A virus (IAV) between humans requires efficient attachment to the upper respiratory tract and replication through the viral polymerase complex, experimental evidence demonstrates the potential H7N9 has for increased binding affinity and replication, following specific amino acid substitutions in HA and PB2. Additionally, the deletion of extended amino acid sequences in the NA stalk length was shown to produce a significant increase in pathogenicity in mice. Research shows that significant changes in transmissibility, pathogenicity and virulence are possible after one or a few amino acid substitutions. This review aims to summarise key findings from that research. To date, all strains of H7N9 viruses remain restricted to avian reservoirs, with no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission, although mutations in specific viral proteins reveal the efficacy with which these viruses could evolve into a highly virulent and infectious, human-to-human transmitted virus.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Pediatric Infection in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do: One Institution

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Chul Lee ◽  
Hye Young Kim ◽  
Seom Gim Kong ◽  
Young Mi Kim ◽  
Su Eun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Pediatric Infection
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