scholarly journals Measurement of Phthalate Acid Esters in Non-alcoholic Malt Beverages by MSPE-GC/MS Method in Tehran City: Chemometrics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Rezaei ◽  
Mojtaba Moazzen ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Dehghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Heat Map ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phthalate Acid Esters

Abstract The goal of this research was to assess the phthalic acid esters (DEP, DMP, BBP, DBP, DEHP, DnOP and total PAE) in non-alcoholic malt beverages bottled were magnetized with iron (MWCNT-Fe3O4) using Mass spectrometry is gas chromatography (GC-MS) in Tehran. The results showed that maximum and minimum of total phthalate esters in samples were 9483.93 and 2412.50 ng/l, respectively. The mean of DEHP (which has also been found to be carcinogenic) in all samples was lower than 5944.73 ng/l. The maximum concentration of DEHP in four samples was upper than 8957.87 ng/l. Multivariate techniques and heat-map visualization were used to assess the correlation among the type and levels of PAEs with brand, color, product date, pH, sugar, volume and gas pressure. Therefore, based on heat-map and principal component analysis (PCA) results, the Bis (2- ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and total PAEs were the closest accessions, indicating that these variables had similar trends. Based on the results, it can be stated that due to the low average of total phthalate esters in non-alcoholic malt beverages, there is no serious health hazard of these compounds for humans.

scholarly journals Measurement of Phthalate Acid Esters in Non-alcoholic Malt Beverages by MSPE-GC/MS Method in Tehran City: With the Approach of Chemometric

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Rezaei ◽  
Mojtaba Moazzen ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Dehghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Heat Map ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract The goal of this research was to assess the phthalic acid esters (DEP, DMP, BBP, DBP, DEHP, DnOP and total PAE) in non-alcoholic malt beverages bottled by multi-walled carbon nanotubes were magnetized with iron (MWCNT-Fe3O4) using Mass spectrometry is gas chromatography (GC-MS) in Tehran .The results showed that the mean of DEHP (which has also been found to be carcinogenic) in all samples was lower than the standard leveles (5944.73 ng/l). The maximum concentration of DEHP in four samples was upper than the standard levels (8957.87 ng/l). Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scattered energy X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to describe the generated MWCNT-Fe3O4. Multivariate techniques and heat-map visualization were used to assess the correlation among the type and levels of PAEs with brand, color, product date, pH, sugar, volume and gas pressure. Therefore, based on heat-map and principal component analysis (PCA) results, the Bis (2- ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and total PAEs were the closest accessions, indicating that these variables had similar trends. Based on the results, it can be stated that due to the low average of total phthalate esters in non-alcoholic malt beverages, there is no serious health hazard of these compounds for humans.

Preparation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modified with imidazolium-based ionic liquids as a sorbent for the extraction of eight phthalate acid esters in water samples followed by UPLC-MS/MS analysis: an experimental design methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed Massoud Bahrololoomi Fard ◽  
Seyyed Hamid Ahmadi ◽  
Mannan Hajimahmodi ◽  
Reza Fazaeli ◽  
Mohsen Amini
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Design Methodology ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phthalate Acid Esters

In the present study, different ionic liquid modified magnetic nanoparticles have been prepared and tested as nano-metric adsorbents for the analysis of eight phthalic acid esters (PAEs) from water samples using dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (D-micro-SPE).

scholarly journals Estimating the risk of phthalates exposure via tea consumption in general population

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Amin ◽  
Foruz Rastegari ◽  
Parinaz Poursafa ◽  
Karim Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Acid Esters

Four common phthalic acid esters (PAEs) levels in tea fusions samples prepared from three types of tea bags (green, black and white) of ten commercial brands were extracted from the infusions by a dispersive liquid-liquid micro extraction method and determined by GC-MS.PAEs were not found in white tea samples. Residue levels of total phthalic acid esters (TPAEs) in black and green teas showed no significant difference (median=367.5, Interquartile range=244.7-667.5 and median=381, Interquartile range=188.7-688.2µg/kg respectively). DEHP levels in green teas were significantly higher than those in black teas (Median= 93.5 and 204 respectively).  Total phthalate esters (TPAEs) levels in flavored teas were about two-fold higher than in non-flavored teas. The four commercial brands tested contain significant levels of DEHP when compared to other brands. Essential oils and essences that were added to tea for improvement of color and taste could be the main sources of PAEs contamination. If oral absorption of phthalates were assumed to be 100%, the maximum daily exposure levels to TPAEs via tea consumption (due to consumption of 5 cups of tea prepared from the tea containing the highest levels TPAEs) were estimated to be 230e-4 μg/kg bw/Day, which are far lower than the regulation levels set by the expert panels on regularly toxicity.

Sorption of Phthalate Esters on Surficial Sediment of the Yangtze River, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Chun Xiao Wang ◽  
Xiao Ling Shao ◽  
Xiang Yang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Acid Esters

The sorption of three kinds of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the Yangtze River sediment was investigated in this paper. Langmuir and Freundlich model were used to fit their adsorption isotherms. Results showed that Langmuir model could better fit the adsorption isotherms of PAEs in the sediment.

Uptake Efficiency of the Gills of English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) for Four Phthalate Esters

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1713-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce L. Boese
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Parophrys Vetulus ◽  
Aqueous Solubilities ◽  
Acid Esters

Uptake efficiencies of the gills of English sole (Parophrys vetulus) for four homologous phthalic acid esters were directly measured and compared with octanol–water partition coefficients (Kow). Test compounds were diethyl phthalate (DEP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOC). Mean uptake efficiencies in a single pass through the gills were 11% for DEP (log Kow = 3.2), 42% for BBP (log Kow = 5.8), 3% for DEHP (log Kow = 8.7), and 12% for DOC (log Kow = 9.2). Uptake efficiencies for DEP and BBP were inversely correlated with weight-specific ventilation volume and did not correlate with aqueous concentration. Uptake efficiencies for DOC and DEHP were uncorrelated with any measured parameter. Solubilities of phthalic acid esters were measured by generator column. DEP and BBP had aqueous solubilities similar to published values, but DEHP was 1/700 and DOC was 1/3000 below published solubility values. DOC and DEHP used to determine uptake efficiencies were most likely in colloidal or micellar form, which may be less bioavailable than soluble forms of the compound; this would reduce the apparent uptake efficiency, regardless of Kow value.

Determination of phthalic acid esters in imitation jewellery and investigation of their migration risk

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying LAI ◽  
Zongping HUANG ◽  
Xiuxiu GE ◽  
Rui LIN ◽  
Hexiu CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

Chemodynamics, transport behaviour and treatment of phthalic acid esters in municipal landfill leachates

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bauer ◽  
R. Herrmann ◽  
A. Martin ◽  
H. Zellmann
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Dissolved Phase ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Long Chain

Large amounts of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are leached from plastics dumped at municipal landfills. This leachate transports PAEs either adsorbed on particulate matter or in dissolved phase. Dissolved organic macromolecules, mainly humic-like substances, enhance the solubility of PAEs. In the biochemical environments of municipal landfills short chain PAEs can be degraded by base-catalyzed hydrolysis or by microorganisms which enzymatically split the side chains. However, there is no cleavage of the aromatic ring. Long chain PAEs like di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate are neither degraded abiotically nor by microorganisms. Hence, these PAEs can be leached and washed out of leaky landfills into the groundwater and thus continue to be a threat to the aquatic environment. Only a combined UV radiation/ozonation treatment is capable of fully destroying PAEs.

scholarly journals The Assessment of the Sewage and Sludge Contamination by Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) in Eastern Europe Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Olga Anne ◽  
Tatjana Paulauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phthalate Acid Esters

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as raw materials for industries that are well known for their environmental contamination and toxicological effects as “endocrine disruptors”. The determining of PAE contamination was based on analysis of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dipropyl phthalate (DPP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in wastewater and sediment samples collected from city sewer systems of Lithuania and Poland, and Denmark for comparison. The potential PAE sources as well as their concentrations in the wastewater were analyzed and discussed. The intention of the study was to determine the level and key sources of pollution by phthalates in some Eastern European countries and to reveal the successful managerial actions to minimize PAEs taken by Denmark. Water and sludge samples were collected in 2019–2020 and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The highest contamination with phthalates in Lithuania can be attributed to DEHP: up to 63% of total PAEs in water samples and up to 94% of total PAEs in sludge samples, which are primarily used as additive compounds to plastics but do not react with them and are gradually released into the environment. However, in water samples in Poland, the highest concentration belonged to DMP—up to 210 μg/L, while the share of DEHP reached 15 μg/L. The concentrations of priority phthalate esters in the water samples reached up to 159 μg/L (DEHP) in Lithuania and up to 1.2 μg/L (DEHP) in Denmark. The biggest DEHP concentrations obtained in the sediment samples were 95 mg/kg in Lithuania and up to 6.6 mg/kg in Denmark. The dominant compounds of PAEs in water samples of Lithuania were DEHP > DEP > DiBP > DBP > DMP. DPP and DCHP concentrations were less than 0.05 μg/L. However, the distribution of PAEs in the water samples from Poland was as follows: DMP > DEHP > DEP > DBP, and DiBP, as well as DPP and DCHP, concentrations were less than 0.05 μg/L. Further studies are recommended for adequate monitoring of phthalates in wastewater and sludge in order to reduce or/and predict phthalates’ potential risk to hydrobiots and human health.

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