scholarly journals Three unusual Pulmonary fibroleiomyomatous hamartomas: cases report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-xiang Song ◽  
Yali Wang ◽  
Wanlei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Glandular Epithelium ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Spindle Cells

Abstract BackgroundPulmonary fibroleiomyomatous hamartomas (PFLH) is an extremely rare benign leision, characterized by most patients have no respiratory symptoms and pulmonary nodules is found during rutine chest imaging. It’s completely different from fibrochondrolipoma (ie.chondrogenic pulmonary hamartoma, FCL), Herein, we report three unusual cases of PFLH in a 48-year-old male patient, a 63-year-old male patient and a 63-year-old female patient,respectively and discuss their morphological characteristics and differential diagnoses including fibrochondrolipoma (FCL), pulmonary fibroadenoma (PFA), primary pulmonary leiomyoma (PPL), bronchioloalveolar adenoma (BAA), solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and pulmonary metastatic leiomyoma (PML) in female patients.Case presentationThree cases showed singler and multiple nodules in the pulmonary parenchyma,the boundary of these nodules was clear. it showed swelling growth and lobulated in larger tumors. it consisted of the mesenchymal rich in spindle cells and the glandular epithelium tissue. the spindle cells form smooth muscle tissue and fibrous tissue, the glandular epithelium with invagination showed glandular ducts or fissures, disorder of composition. Immunohistochemical staining showed Desmin, SMA,H-caldesmon-positive in the all spindle cells; H-caldesmon-positive, SMA-weak positive and desmin-negative in the long spindle cells; TTF-1,CK7 were positive in glandular epithelium and P63,CK5/6 were expressed in basal cells; HMB45,S-100,CD34, ER,PR were negative in all cells. Additionally, Ki-67 VPI was low and less than 1%. The immunohistochemical analysis combined with the morphological results supported the diagnosis of solitary PFLH (SPFLH) or multiple PFLH (M PFLH). There was no recurrence in SPFLH and recurrence in MFLH in the group.ConclusionsPFLH is a rare benign leision .It originated from the small bronchus or smooth muscle cells of vascular wall which implanted into the lung parenchyma and overgrowth into nodules or mass, the messenchymal component of PFLH is the most important for accurate pathological diagnosis, PFLH is easy to be confused with PFA and PPL when there are not enough immune marker such as SMA,desmin, H-caldesmon to mark the mesenchymal components. Therefore, Diagnosis of PFLH mainly depends on pathological examination, females patients have to exclude PML.

scholarly journals Clinical and morphological features of scar tissue of the uterus.

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
N.P. Goncharuk ◽  
N.R. Kovyda ◽  
O.O. Dyadyk ◽  
Y.S. Radkevich
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Vaginal Birth ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Uterine Scar ◽  
Group 1

One of the key issues for increase uterine scars is the rapid and unwarranted Caesarean sections (CS) as in the world same in Ukraine. One of the way to reduce CS is delivery truth vaginal births in women with previous surgical intervention on the uterus or after CS. The ability of scar on the uterus is the main criterion for an attempt to vaginal birth. Objectivе — to analyze the structural changes of the scar tissue of the uterus. Pathomorphological examination was fragments of uterus scar. The material was fixed in a 10% solution of neutral colored formalin (pH 7.4) carried out according to the standard procedure, poured into paraffin. From the paraffin blocks on the rotary microtome of HM 325, serial histological sections were made in a thickness of 4–5 microns, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Scar tissue was additionally stained for Van Gieson, according to Masson. Fragments of scar tissue were subjected to an immunohistochemical study (IGHS) using monoclonal antibodies (MATs) to CD31 to assess the degree of vascularization vascular component and α-SMA for assessing the condition smooth muscle tissue. Having conducted a comprehensive pathomorphological study in two groups, one can state that in group 1 the pathomorphological picture of the changes in the scar was minimal and confirmed by the retained proportions between the fibrous tissue and the smooth muscle fibers, as well as their characteristic location. Muscle fibers with minimal pathological changes, developed by compensatory changes from the side of the vascular complex. These data were confirmed by conducting IGHS from MAT to CD31, which gives a pronounced positive response in the endothelial layer of the vascular wall, forming continuous cell chains. IGHS from MAT to α-SMA exhibits pronounced homogeneous intensive expression, indicating minimal pathological changes in muscle fibers. These figures make it possible to talk about the ability of uterine scar in 61% in group 1, as opposed to in group 2, this result was only 41%. As a result of a comprehensive clinical and morphological study, it was found that the majority of women in group 1, according to the morphological and histological characteristics, had a capable scar on the uterus, that is, potentially could be considered as a reserve for vaginal birth in women with uterine scar after the previous CS. In the second group, a significant proportion of women confirmed the correlation of regenerative and degenerative changes in the tissues of postoperative scar, indicating prevalence of fibro-sclerotic changes and insufficient vascularization, that is, it states the validity of operational resolution.

scholarly journals Clinical and morphological characteristics with markers of reparation in neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers.

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Yurievna Komelyagina ◽  
Evgenia Aleksandrovna Kogan ◽  
Mikhail Borisovich Antsiferov
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To compare the clinical and morphological characteristics of chronic diabetic foot ulcers and the markers of repair.Materials and Methods.We included 26 patients with neuropathic diabetic foot syndrome who had signs of severe peripheral neuropathy. Biopsies were performed from the margin and central part of the lesion and were fixed in a 10% formalin solution before being placed on paraffin slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We assessed the percentages of necrotic, granulation and fibrotic tissues and the severity of vascular hyalinosis. Immunohistochemistry was performed with initial antibodies to Ki-67 (a marker of proliferation), smooth muscle actin (a marker of myofibroblast synthesis) and cytokeratin (a marker of epithelisation). For analysis, the samples were divided into three groups by the length of time the ulcer had been present: group 1 (≤90 days; 9 samples), group 2 (91–365 days; 10 samples) and group 3 (365 days; 9 samples).Results. The patients of group 3 were older than those of groups 1 and 2 (53.7±2.7 vs 51.7±5.9 vs 59.9±5.6 years; p=0.04). There were no differences in the duration of diabetes, glycated haemoglobin or severity of neuropathy. The percentage of necrotic tissue was higher in group 1 (33.7%±21.7% vs 11.0%±3.9% vs 12.8%±6.1%; p=0.02) and the percentage of fibrotic tissue was highest in group 3 (21.1%±21.0% vs 35.5%±19.8% vs 54.4%±23.9%; p=0.001). However, the amount of granulation tissue was not different between the groups (45.2%±21.1% vs 53.5%±21.1% vs 32.8%±26.3%; p=0.4). There was also no difference in the severity of vascular hyalinosis between the groups (p=0.9). Expression of Ki-67 was higher in groups 1 and 2, implying a greater capacity to regenerate. The expression of smooth muscle actin and cytokeratin was higher in groups 1 and 2 but without statistical significance.Conclusion. The morphological characteristics and regenerative capacities of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers differ with the duration the ulcer has been present. Patients with ulcers for less than 1 year were characterised by higher cell proliferation but lower fibrosis. Neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers that are unable to heal over a year are characterised by incomplete regeneration and higher levels of fibrosis. Thus, different treatment approaches are needed depending on how long an ulcer has been present.

scholarly journals Acidified Nitrite Accelerates Wound Healing in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats: A Histological and Stereological Evaluation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1872
Author(s):  
Hamideh Afzali ◽  
Mohammad Khaksari ◽  
Sajad Jeddi ◽  
Khosrow Kashfi ◽  
Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Diabetic Wound Healing ◽  
Diabetic Wounds ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Impaired skin nitric oxide production contributes to delayed wound healing in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aims to determine improved wound healing mechanisms by acidified nitrite (AN) in rats with T2D. Wistar rats were assigned to four subgroups: Untreated control, AN-treated control, untreated diabetes, and AN-treated diabetes. AN was applied daily from day 3 to day 28 after wounding. On days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, the wound levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured, and histological and stereological evaluations were performed. AN in diabetic rats increased the numerical density of basal cells (1070 ± 15.2 vs. 936.6 ± 37.5/mm3) and epidermal thickness (58.5 ± 3.5 vs. 44.3 ± 3.4 μm) (all p < 0.05); The dermis total volume and numerical density of fibroblasts at days 14, 21, and 28 were also higher (all p < 0.05). The VEGF levels were increased in the treated diabetic wounds at days 7 and 14, as was the total volume of fibrous tissue and hydroxyproline content at days 14 and 21 (all p < 0.05). AN improved diabetic wound healing by accelerating the dermis reconstruction, neovascularization, and collagen deposition.

scholarly journals Lesion with blue bone-a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1323-1325
Author(s):  
Laila Mohamed Ilias ◽  
Babitha Alingal Mohammed ◽  
Roshini PS ◽  
Anupama Ponniah ◽  
Poornima Vijayan
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Small Bones ◽  
Hands And Feet

Bizzare parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, or Nora‘s lesion is a unique bone lesion that most often arises in the small bones of hands and feet.  It is characterised by proliferation of chondroid, bony and fibrous tissue, and is occasionally misdiagnosed as a malignant process.  Our case was a 31 yr old lady, who presented with a painless swelling near the 5th metacarpal bone of right hand.  X-ray showed well marginated mineralised mass arising from the cortical surface of the metacarpal bone.  Histopathological examination revealed bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation composed of varying amounts of cartilage, bone and spindle cells. Cartilage was hypercellular and chondrocytes were enlarged. Ossification was irregular and had a peculiar blue tinctorial quality. 

scholarly journals An Unusual Cause of Pulmonary Nodules in the Emergency Department

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ryan Yu ◽  
Melanie Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Pleuritic Chest Pain ◽  
Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
Metastasizing Leiomyoma ◽  
Tomography Scan

We report a 51-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with left-sided pleuritic chest pain 2 weeks after subtotal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a leiomyomatous uterus. Computed tomography scan of the chest revealed bilateral pulmonary nodules. Biopsy showed cytologically bland spindle cells without overt malignant features. Immunohistochemistry confirmed smooth muscle phenotype, in keeping with a clinicopathologic diagnosis of benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML). BML does not frequently come to the attention of the emergency physician because it is rare and usually asymptomatic. When symptomatic, its clinical presentation depends on the site(s) of metastasis, number, and size of the smooth muscle tumors. Emergent presentations of BML are reviewed.

RAPIDLY GROWING DYSEMBRYOPLASTIC NEUROEPITHELIAL TUMOR

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. E1337-E1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oltea Sampetrean ◽  
Taketoshi Maehara ◽  
Nobutaka Arai ◽  
Tetsuo Nemoto
Keyword(s):  
Complex Form ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Labeling Index ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Postoperative Diagnosis

Abstract OBJECTIVE During the past 15 years, the concept of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors has continued to evolve. We present an interesting case of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor that showed rapid growth during a short period of time. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 9-year-old boy had been experiencing intractable complex partial seizures since the age of 7 years. Magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated a well-demarcated 3.5-cm lesion with a 1.5-cm ring-enhanced core in the left temporal lobe. One month later, the lesion had rapidly grown to occupy three times more space than on the first evaluation, with the ring-enhanced core reaching approximately five times its initial volume. INTERVENTION A combined tumor removal and epileptogenic focus resection surgery was performed immediately. In the pathological examination, the presence of the specific glioneuronal element with a Ki-67 labeling index of lower than 1%, as well as the glial component with a Ki-67 labeling index of 8%, led to a postoperative diagnosis of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, complex form. No adjuvant therapy was performed. Five years after surgery, there is no evidence of any recurrence and the boy continues to be seizure free without antiepileptic drugs. CONCLUSION The lesion did not behave as a stable benign entity as it is generally accepted, and is, therefore, presented as an argument in favor of an early and complete resection.

A collagen matrix derived from bladder can be used to engineer smooth muscle tissue

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Soo Kim ◽  
Anthony Atala ◽  
James J. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue

Benign Myoepithelioma of the Lung

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (11) ◽  
pp. 1494-1496
Author(s):  
Ravindra Veeramachaneni ◽  
Janis Gulick ◽  
Ari O. Halldorsson ◽  
Thanh T. Van ◽  
Ping L. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Computed Tomographic Scan ◽  
Wedge Biopsy

Abstract This report describes a benign myoepithelioma of the lung that occurred in a 60-year-old woman. The patient had experienced hoarseness for 6 weeks, and a computed tomographic scan showed a nodule of approximately 2 cm in diameter at the peripheral portion of her right upper lung. Positron emission tomography showed no uptake of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose in the nodule. Wedge biopsy of the lesion showed benign spindle cells arranged in a whorled pattern. The cells were positive for both cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin, which corresponded to the presence of tonofilaments and myofilaments that were identified ultrastructurally. The features of the present case of benign myoepithelioma that differ from features of previously reported benign and malignant cases of myoepithelioma in the lung are discussed in the report.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-222 Promotes the Proliferation of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells by Targeting P27 and TIMP3

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
Yihua Bei ◽  
Shutong Shen ◽  
Jialiang Zhang ◽  
Yichao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Ki 67

Background/Aims: Aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays an important role in the development of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have been implicated in the progression of PAH. miR-222 has a pro-proliferation effect on VSMCs while it has an anti-proliferation effect on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). As the biological function of a single miRNA could be cell-type specific, the role of miR-222 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation is not clear and deserves to be explored. Methods: PASMCs were transfected with miR-222 mimic or inhibitor and PASMC proliferation was determined by Western blot for PCNA, Ki-67 and EdU staining, and cell number counting. The target genes of miR-222 including P27 and TIMP3 were determined by luciferase assay and Western blot. In addition, the functional rescue experiments were performed based on miR-222 inhibitor and siRNAs to target genes. Results: miR-222 mimic promoted PASMC proliferation while miR-222 inhibitor decreased that. TIMP3 was identified to be a direct target gene of miR-222 based on luciferase assay. Meanwhile, P27 and TIMP3 were up-regulated by miR-222 inhibitor and down-regulated by miR-222 mimic. Moreover, P27 siRNA and TIMP3 siRNA could both attenuate the anti-proliferation effect of miR-222 inhibitor in PASMCs, supporting that P27 and TIMP3 are at least partially responsible for the regulatory effect of miR-222 in PASMCs. Conclusion: miR-222 promotes PASMC proliferation at least partially through targeting P27 and TIMP3.

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