A new view on the trend of solar radiation in mainland China - Based on the optimized empirical model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihao Feng ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
Han Xu ◽  
Liguo Zhang ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Variation Trends

Abstract As a kind of renewable energy, the development and utilization of solar energy is valued by many countries. To accurately provide a basis for the use of solar energy in mainland China, the optimized empirical model is adopted to analyze the variation trends and spatial patterns in solar radiation (SR) during 1961–2016 based on the data of 31 SR sites and 500 sunshine duration (SD) stations. The results indicate that there are obvious discrepancies in the variation trends of annual SR and SD during 1961–2016, with trend conversion occurring in 1992 (SR) and 1980 (SD), respectively. Overall, annual SR decreases at the rate of -3.68 MJ/m²·a in China. Notably, SR declines at the rate of -16.95 MJ/m²·a during 1961–1989 (“dimming” stage), while it increases at the rate of 5.34 MJ/m²·a for 1990–2016 (“brightening” period). In addition, all seasons show a tendency of dimming first and then brightening except for autumn. Compared with SD, SR is more sensitive to changes in pollution, leading to a marked recovery with the reduction of pollution after the 1990s. This study provides a new perspective for the trend difference between SR and SD after the 1990s.

scholarly journals Reduction in Sunshine Duration and Related Factors over Mainland China during 1961–2016

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4718
Author(s):  
Zihao Feng ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
Shoujia Ren ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Sudden Decrease

As a kind of renewable energy, the development and utilization of solar energy is valued by many countries. Sunshine duration (SD), as an important factor to measure solar energy, has also been widely discussed as relevant in terms of distribution and variation. The spatial patterns and variation trends in SD and related factors (wind speed, precipitation, relative humidity, mean temperature and elevation) over mainland China have been studied based on data from 569 meteorological stations during 1961–2016. The results indicated that annual SD decreased significantly at the rate of −40.7 h/10a over mainland China and the decline trend was the most pronounced in the 1980s. Seasonally, the decline rate in SD was the largest in summer (−16.8 h/10a), followed by winter (−9.9 h/10a), autumn (−9.5 h/10a) and spring (−4.5 h/10a), respectively. Spatially, the decline trend in SD was significantly higher in the eastern region than in the western region during 1961–2016, especially in North China. SD was positively correlated with wind speed (R = 0.76); however, it was negatively correlated with mean temperature (R = −0.60) and precipitation (R = −0.41). Moreover, altitude and population density may affect the values and variations of annual SD over mainland China. This study provides a new perspective for the reduction of SD in mainland of China. The drastic changes in SD, such as abrupt changes and sudden decreases, were closely related to volcanic eruptions. Among them, the mean mutation and sudden decrease of SD in the 1980s were due to the long-time weakening of the aerosol accumulated by multiple volcanic eruptions. After the volcanic eruptions in the early 1990s, volcanic aerosols were gradually dissipating, resulting in a small rebound in SD.

scholarly journals A Review of Solar Radiation Models—Part I

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Katiyar ◽  
C. K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
The World

Energy is considered as a key source for the future and plays a pivotal role in its socioeconomic development by raising the standard of living and the quality of life, not only for India but also for the world. In view of the scarce fossil fuel reserves, solar energy is one of the important sources of renewable energy used in India because of the suitable climate conditions. It receives about 5485.17 Wh/m2day of solar insolation with an annual total of about 19, 74, 661.2 Wh/m2. Except for the monsoon months, solar radiation incidence is very encouraging, from the application point of view. For the efficient functioning and better performance of solar energy device, the information of solar radiation and its components at particular location is very essential for designing the solar energy devices. Therefore, over the years, several empirical correlations have been developed in order to estimate the more appropriate solar radiation in India as well as around the world. Here we present a review of different solar radiation models which predict global solar radiation and discussed the long-term plan to meet future energy demand with renewable energy due to economy growth.

scholarly journals The exploitation of western and southern deserts in Iraq for the production of solar energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Zkear Abass ◽  
D. A. Pavlyuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Renewable Energy Resource ◽  
Solar Intensity ◽  
Future Demands ◽  
Basic Features

<span>We have, an overview is presented of the potential future demands and possible supply of solar energy to Iraq. Solar energy, which is clean, unlimited, and environmentally friendly, is presented as a renewable energy resource. Many problems such as CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, industry, human activities, and electricity distribution grids have attracted much attention because of the current state of crude oil production and its prices. Moreover, estimations of solar radiation levels and of the efficiencies of photovoltaics (PVs), concentrated solar power (CSP), and solar chimney towers, have all been investigated. Those systems that combine various sources of energy are called hybrids and they have received much attention in recent decades. The basic features of solar radiation in Iraq are outlined, and the selection of those sites with potential for development of solar plants is based on the local largest solar radiation. Moreover, longitudinal and latitudinal orientation, wind, solar intensity, dust, temperature, rain, humidity, and pollution factors are all considered in the calculation of PV/CSP efficiencies. We know there is an abundance of fossil fuels in Iraq, energy shortages began in 1991 because of the perturbation caused by the full ruin of the country. The obvious renewable energy resource available in Iraq is the solar energy, and its exploitation would provide a means to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and to achieve self-sufficiency of electric energy and export the rest to neighboring countries. Solar energy is becoming increasingly important because of the climatic change in the form of global warming.</span>

scholarly journals Solar Radiation Monitoring

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Otilia RUSANESCU ◽  
Ladislau DAVID ◽  
Gigel PARASCHIV ◽  
Gheorghe VOICU ◽  
Mihaela Florentina DAVID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Station ◽  
Solar Time ◽  
Main Disadvantage

A direction for current high research is the solar radiation monitoring and renewable energy. Solar energy has a lot of advantages: it is free, is in unlimited quantities, but the main disadvantage is the influence of geographical and meteorological conditions that can not be changed. In this paper is monitored the intensity of solar radiation by the meteorological station and is calculated: diffuse radiation, direct, alien, declination, solar time, latitude, angle azyme.

scholarly journals The establishment and significance of district/regional roof cadastres in the utilization of solar energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Lajos Szalontai
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Energy Sources

Abstract After its establishment, the roof cadastre - solar cadastre I wish to introduce in this article will form a database, with the help of which we will be able to analyse solar radiation factors on the local level (street, house), and a map display will also be available. Through the implementation of the appropriate methods, we can establish roof/solar cadastres on the settlement/district/regional level and these can help to increase the rate of utilization of renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Global solar radiation modeling using different machine learning and empirical models in Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Jia ◽  
Yongjun Su ◽  
Fengchun Wang ◽  
Pengcheng Li ◽  
Shuyi Huo
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Abstract Reliable global solar radiation (Rs) information is crucial for the design and management of solar energy systems for agricultural and industrial production. However, Rs measurements are unavailable in many regions of the world, which impedes the development and application of solar energy. To accurately estimate Rs, this study developed a novel machine learning model, called a Gaussian exponential model (GEM), for daily global Rs estimation. The GEM was compared with four other machine learning models and two empirical models to assess its applicability using daily meteorological data from 1997–2016 from four stations in Northeast China. The results showed that the GEM with complete inputs had the best performance. Machine learning models provided better estimates than empirical models when trained by the same input data. Sunshine duration was the most effective factor determining the accuracy of the machine learning models. Overall, the GEM with complete inputs had the highest accuracy and is recommended for modeling daily Rs in Northeast China.

A solar energy resources assessment in Mozambique

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
B C Cuamba ◽  
M L Chenene ◽  
G Mahumane ◽  
D Z Quissico ◽  
J Lovseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Starting Point

Just as with other Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, Mozambique faces severe, interrelated problems of energy and environment linked, with massive consumption of fuel wood biomass. The conventional power grid provides less than 7% of the energy needs for the country’s 17 million inhabitants, and about 83% of the energy consumed in the country comes from biomass. Renewable energy resources can play an important role in the process of development of the country. From the vast renewable energy resources available in the country, solar energy represents one of those with the highest potential. Thus, the evaluation of the potential of solar energy systems in small-scale applications suitable for villages is a strategically good starting point for promotion of sustainable rural development. One of the major impediments in carrying out such studies is the fact that the exact behaviour of solar energy resources throughout the country has not been well studied. In this paper a general characterisation of the global, diffuse and direct solar radiation fields in Mozambique is presented. The study is based on experimental data measured by the National Institute of Meteorology (INAM) in the period 1970- 2000. For these analyses global, diffuse and direct solar radiation data from three stations along the coast line and three stations in the interior of the country have been used. The six stations were representative of the three main regions of the country, namely south, centre and north. Furthermore, sunshine hours data of one selected station was analysed.

scholarly journals Performance of the meteorological radiation model during the solar eclipse of 29 March 2006

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 12807-12843 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Psiloglou ◽  
H. D. Kambezidis
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Radiation Model ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
The Many ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. Various solar broadband models have been developed in the last half of the 20th century. The driving demand has been the estimation of available solar energy at different locations on earth for various applications. The motivation for such developments, though, has been the ample lack of solar radiation measurements at global scale. Therefore, the main goal of such codes was to generate artificial solar radiation series or calculate the availability of solar energy at a place. One of the broadband models to be developed in the late 80's was the Meteorological Radiation Model (MRM). The main advantage of MRM over other similar models was its simplicity in acquiring and using the necessary input data, i.e., air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure and sunshine duration from any of the many meteorological stations. The present study describes briefly the various steps (versions) of MRM and in greater detail the latest version 5. To show the flexibility and great performance of the MRM, a harsh test of the code under the (almost total) solar eclipse conditions of 29 March 2006 over Athens was performed and comparison of its results with real measurements was made. From this hard comparison it is shown that the MRM can simulate solar radiation during a solar eclipse event as effectively as on a typical day. The value of this comparison is further enhanced if it said that the sky was cloudy almost all the duration of the solar eclipse event.

scholarly journals Solar Energy Resources of Nakhchivan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
S. Novruzova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Horizontal Surface ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Total Solar Radiation ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Autonomous Republic

The presented article examines the issues of energy security of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, which is an integral part of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the use of renewable energy in its provision. For this purpose, the solar energy resources of the Autonomous Republic were studied. The study used theoretical, computational, observational and comparative analysis methods to estimate solar energy as a renewable energy resource. The main source for assessing the potential of solar energy of the Autonomous Republic — experimental and observation materials of the USSR Hydrometeorological Committee on the Republic of Azerbaijan and NAR for 1960–1980, the results of researches of the Institute of Geography of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences for 1936–1950, Nakhchivan AR experimental-observation materials of the Hydrometeorological Center for 1995–2015, static indicators of Nakhchivan Solar Power Plant for 2016–2017, as well as the results of theoretical and computational research were used. As a result of the study, it was determined that the annual value of total radiation (Q) in the horizontal area was 7541 and 6204 MC/m2, respectively, in the clear and medium cloudy sky. At the same time, the average annual transparency coefficient was 0.8229, 0.811 in winter and 0.897 in summer. The annual value of total radiation (Q) of the horizontal field in the territory of the NAR is higher than in other regions of the country, and the coefficient of transparency of the atmosphere is higher than in other regions, too. At the same time, the duration of solar radiation in the NAR is high and is 2792 hours. Formulas have been proposed to calculate the value of solar radiation falling on a horizontal surface on the basis of many years of experimental and observational materials. Using these calculation formulas, it is possible to calculate the total solar radiation on the horizontal surface for any area of the NAR.

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