scholarly journals A method for estimating the associations of neighborhood type with availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Peng ◽  
Daniel A. Rodriguez ◽  
Jana A. Hirsch ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Food Access ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Twin Cities ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Single Construct ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Neighborhood Type

Abstract Background: Although neighborhood-level access to food differs by sociodemographic factors, almost all research on neighborhoods and food access has used a single construct of neighborhood context, such as income or race. Neighborhoods possess many interrelated built environment and sociodemographic characteristics, a condition that obscures relationships between neighborhood factors and food access.Methods: To account for the effects of many interrelated aspects of neighborhoods in food access, we developed a generally applicable method that used multiple measures (e.g., population density, mix of land use, and sociodemographic factors) that are easy to obtain to define six neighborhood types in 1993 in the Twin Cities Region, Minnesota. We then used mixed effects regression models to estimate differences in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets in 1993, 2001, and 2011 across the six neighborhood types.Results: We observed a higher relative availability of sit-down restaurants in inner city neighborhoods than in urban, aging suburbs, high-income suburbs, or suburban edge neighborhoods for 2011; we did not observe these same patterns for 1993 or 2001. Using nuanced classification of neighborhood type, we found a complex and increasingly varied distribution of restaurants and food stores.Conclusions: The temporal increase in sit-down restaurants in inner cities may be associated with a higher proportion of residents who eat-away-from-home, which is associated with higher calorie and fat intake.

scholarly journals A method for estimating neighborhood characterization in the association with availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Peng ◽  
Daniel A. Rodriguez ◽  
Jana A. Hirsch ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Access Methods ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Single Construct ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Access To Food

Abstract ABSTRACT Background : Although neighborhood-level access to food differs by sociodemographic factors, almost all research on neighborhoods and food access has used a single construct of neighborhood context, such as income or race. Neighborhoods possess many interrelated built environment and sociodemographic characteristics, a condition that obscures relationships between neighborhood factors and food access. Methods : The objective of this study is to examine the association between neighborhood characterization and neighborhood food availability while accounting for the effects of many interrelated aspects of neighborhoods associated with food access. We used cluster analyses method that used multiple measures (e.g., population density, mix of land use, and sociodemographic factors) that are easy to obtain to define six neighborhood types in 1993 in the Twin Cities Region, Minnesota. We then used mixed effects regression models to estimate the differences in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets in 1993, 2001, and 2011 across the six neighborhood types. Results : We observed a higher relative availability of sit-down restaurants in inner city neighborhoods than in urban, aging suburbs, high-income suburbs, or suburban edge neighborhoods for 2011; we did not observe these same patterns for 1993 or 2001. Using classification of neighborhood type based on sociodemographic and built environment characteristics, we found a complex and increasingly varied distribution of restaurants and food stores. Conclusions : The temporal increase in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants in inner cities after accounting for all restaurants might be associated with a higher proportion of residents who eat-away-from-home, which is associated with higher calorie and fat intake. Keywords: built environment, sociodemographic, food stores, urbanization

scholarly journals A method for estimating neighborhood characterization in the association with availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Peng ◽  
Daniel A. Rodriguez ◽  
Jana A. Hirsch ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Single Construct ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Access To Food

Abstract Background : Although neighborhood-level access to food differs by sociodemographic factors, almost all research on neighborhoods and food access has used a single construct of neighborhood context, such as income or race. Neighborhoods possess many interrelated built environment and sociodemographic characteristics, a condition that obscures relationships between neighborhood factors and food access. Methods : The objective of this study is to examine the association between neighborhood characterization and neighborhood food availability while accounting for the effects of many interrelated aspects of neighborhoods associated with food access. We used cluster analyses method that used multiple measures (e.g., population density, mix of land use, and sociodemographic factors) that are easy to obtain to define six neighborhood types in 1993 in the Twin Cities Region, Minnesota. We then used mixed effects regression models to estimate the differences in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets in 1993, 2001, and 2011 across the six neighborhood types. Results : Between 1993 and 2011, inner city neighborhoods experienced a greater increase in the percent of sit-down restaurants compared with urban core, urban, and aging suburb. The differences in the percent of sit-down restaurants between inner city and aging suburb, high-income suburb and suburban edge neighborhoods increased between 1993 and 2011. Using classification of neighborhood type based on sociodemographic and built environment characteristics, we found a complex and increasingly varied distribution of restaurants and food stores. Conclusions : The temporal increase in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants in inner cities after accounting for all restaurants might be associated with a higher proportion of residents who eat-away-from-home, which is associated with higher calorie and fat intake. Keywords: built environment, sociodemographic, food stores, urbanization

scholarly journals A method for estimating neighborhood characterization in studies of the association with availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Peng ◽  
Daniel A. Rodriguez ◽  
Jana A. Hirsch ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
High Income ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
The Many ◽  
Neighborhood Type ◽  
Varied Distribution

Abstract Background Although neighborhood-level access to food differs by sociodemographic factors, a majority of research on neighborhoods and food access has used a single construct of neighborhood context, such as income or race. Therefore, the many interrelated built environment and sociodemographic characteristics of neighborhoods obscure relationships between neighborhood factors and food access. Methods The objective of this study was to account for the many interrelated characteristics of food-related neighborhood environments and examine the association between neighborhood type and relative availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets. Using cluster analyses with multiple measures of neighborhood characteristics (e.g., population density, mix of land use, and sociodemographic factors) we identified six neighborhood types in 1993 in the Twin Cities Region, Minnesota. We then used mixed effects regression models to estimate differences in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants and supermarkets in 1993, 2001, and 2011 across the six neighborhood types. Results We defined six types of neighborhoods that existed in 1993, namely, urban core, inner city, urban, aging suburb, high-income suburb, and suburban edge. Between 1993 and 2011, inner city neighborhoods experienced a greater increase in the percent of sit-down restaurants compared with urban core, urban, and aging suburbs. Differences in the percent of sit-down restaurants between inner city and aging suburbs, high-income suburbs and suburban edge neighborhoods increased between 1993 and 2011. Similarly, aging suburb neighborhoods had a greater percent of supermarkets compared with urban and high-income suburb neighborhoods in 2001 and 2011, but not in 1993, suggesting a more varied distribution of food stores across neighborhoods over time. Thus, the classification of neighborhood type based on sociodemographic and built environment characteristics resulted in a complex and increasingly varied distribution of restaurants and food stores. Conclusions The temporal increase in the relative availability of sit-down restaurants in inner cities after accounting for all restaurants might be partly related to a higher proportion of residents who eat-away-from-home, which is associated with higher calorie and fat intake.

scholarly journals Finding food: Issues and challenges in using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to measure food access

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Forsyth ◽  
Leslie Lytle ◽  
David Van Riper
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Food Sales ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Different Sources

A significant amount of travel is to find food. This paper examines challenges in measuring access to food using GIS, of importance in studies of both travel and eating behavior. It compares different sources of data available including fieldwork, land use and parcel data, licensing information, commercial listings, taxation data, and online street-level photographs. It proposes how to classify different kinds of food sales places in a way that says something about their potential for delivering healthy food options. Analysts need to clearly conceptualize key variables, document measurement processes, and be clear about the strengths and weaknesses of data.

scholarly journals Análisis de indicadores de disponibilidad y accesibilidad alimentaria en el municipio de Xalapa

UVserva ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Godínez García ◽  
Lol Ki Itzel López Galindo ◽  
María Magdalena Álvarez Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Access ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Access To Food

Para determinar la situación de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional del municipio de Xalapa, Veracruz, se analizaron los pilares de la disponibilidad y accesibilidad a los alimentos; los indicadores incluidos fueron: producción de alimentos básicos, programas sociales, pobreza y carencias, desempleo, población económicamente activa e ingreso. De los 22 indicadores analizados, 13 presentan datos que indican una tendencia hacia la inseguridad alimentaria, mientras que 7 muestran valores de seguridad alimentaria. La producción de alimentos mostró una disminución, mientras que en los programas sociales se muestran como fortaleza, los indicadores de pobreza y desempleo muestran tendencia al aumento, al igual que la carencia por acceso a la alimentación. Al considerar que con uno de los cuatro pilares no se encuentre al 100% se considera un estado de inseguridad, es necesario examinar los indicadores de la SAN como un referente para establecer un diagnóstico por municipio.Palabras clave: seguridad alimentaria; municipio; indicador; pobreza; desnutrición AbstractThe Food and Nutritional Security: Food availability and Food access were analyzed to determine the situation of the municipality of Xalapa, Veracruz. The indicators worked were basic food production, social programs, poverty and shortages, unemployment, economically active population, income. The food production shows a decrease, while in social programs a strength is shown, poverty and unemployment indicators show a tendency to increase, as well as the lack of access to food. In total of the 22 indicators analyzed, 13 present data indicating a trend towards food insecurity, while 7 show food safety values. It is necessary to analyze the indicators of the other pillars of the SAN to establish a better diagnosis of the municipality.Keywords: Food Security; Municipality; Indicator; Poverty; Malnutrition

scholarly journals ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGUATAN KETAHANAN PANGAN BERAS DI KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ema Pusvita ◽  
Sriati Sriati ◽  
Dessy Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Improve Food Security

<p align="center"> </p><p><em>Analysis of strengthen strategies of food rice security in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency is a</em><em> bundle</em><em> strategy to improve food security in dimensions of availability, stability and food access. This research </em><em>was </em><em>historical research.It use</em><em>d</em><em> time series data, during 26 years period. Technique in collecting data used questionnaires. Data analysis use</em><em>d</em><em> multiple regression analysis and SWOT matrix. Data presents in tables andpicture, as well as narration to interpret the data.The results of research showes that food security conditions in OKU regency still can meet the needs of rice. Adequacy of food availability, stability and access to food in OKU regency has a surplus of rice along 26 years period. This also shows that OKU regency is able to meet the needs of food rice. The factors that affect food security are (1) the availability of food with a variable land area, production and productivity, (2) stability with variable food consumption, food availability and food access, and (3) access to food that is variable income, the price of rice, the price of corn.Strategies undertaken to improve food security are doing expansion field and farming intensification, applying a single policy basic price of grain, local government policy to apply the regulation about land use, developing of farming with institutional concept, diversifying crops, reducing consumption rice, stabilizing food prices, and improving food reserves. It can be concluded thatstrategy of strengthening food security can be improved by implementing capabilities, minimizing shortage, maximizing opportunities, and overcoming the threats. This study suggest that government should follow the concept of food securitydevelopment and implement the strategy.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="center">ABSTRAK</p><p align="center"> </p><p>Analisis strategi penguatan ketahanan pangan beras di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu adalah suatu strategi yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dengan dimensi ketersediaan, stabilitas dan akses pangan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian bersifat <em>historical</em> (sejarah), menggunakan data runtun waktu (<em>time series</em>) yaitu selama kurun waktu 26 tahun. Teknik mengumpulan data menggunakan panduan kuisioner. Untuk analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dan matrik SWOT. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan gambar serta narasi untuk menginterpretasikan data tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten OKU masih dapat memenuhi kebutuhan beras masyarakatnya. Kecukupan ketersediaan pangan, stabilitas dan akses pangan yang ada di wilayah Kabupaten OKU mengalami surplus beras selama kurun waktu 26 tahun. Hal ini juga menunjukan bahwa Kabupaten OKU mampu mencukupi kebutuhan pangan beras masyarakatnya. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan pangan yaitu (1) ketersediaan pangan dengan variable luas lahan, produksi dan produktifitas, (2) stabilitas pangan dengan variable konsumsi, ketersediaan pangan dan akses pangan, serta (3) akses pangan variable yaitu pendapatan, harga beras, harga jagung. Strategi yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten OKU yaitu melakukan areal ekstensifikasi dan intensifikasi usahatani, menerapkan kebijakan tunggal harga dasar gabah, kebijakan pemerintah daerah untuk mengeluarkan peraturan tentang alihfungsi lahan, pengembangan usahatani dengan konsep kelembagaan, melakukan diversifikasi tanaman pangan, menurunkan tingkat konsumsi beras, menjaga stabilitas harga pangan, serta penguatkan cadangan pangan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi penguatan ketahanan pangan dapat ditingkatkan dengan menerapkan kemampuan, meminimalkan kekurangan, memaksimalkan peluang yang ada serta mengatasi ancaman yang menantang. Saran penelitian ini hendaknya pemerintah menindaklanjuti konsep pengembangan ketahanan pangan serta mengimplementasikan strategi tersebut.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of Objective and Perceived Access to Food Stores Associated with Intake Frequencies of Vegetables/Fruits and Meat/Fish among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miwa Yamaguchi ◽  
Katsuya Takahashi ◽  
Masamichi Hanazato ◽  
Norimichi Suzuki ◽  
Katsunori Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
Perceived Access ◽  
Access To Food

This cross-sectional study aimed to compare access to the nearest food stores with perceived access associated with intake frequencies of vegetables/fruits and meat/fish among older Japanese people. We used intake frequencies of vegetables/fruits and meat/fish from a self-administered questionnaire in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study among 83,384 adults aged over 65 years. We defined distance over 1 km as poor objective access in community level. We performed multilevel regression analysis to investigate the association of objective and perceived access with intake frequencies of vegetables/fruits and meat/fish, respectively. Participants who lived in poor objective access had a significantly higher intake frequency of vegetables/fruits than those who lived in good access. In contrast, residents with poor perceived access consumed lower frequent intake of vegetables/fruits (beta coefficient (standard error) 0.086 (0.021) for objective access; −0.093 (0.009) for perceived access). There was no significant association between objective access and intake frequency of meat/fish, but poor perceived access showed a significant association with lower intake frequency of meat/fish. There was inconsistency between objective and perceived measurement of access to food stores associated with dietary habits among older Japanese adults. Food access needs to be comprehensively assessed, while considering characteristics of measurements.

Food Desert or Food Oasis? Insights from Mexican Chicago

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Coline Ferrant ◽  
Gary Alan Fine
Keyword(s):  
Food Access ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Desert ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Food Oasis

In those neighborhoods that epidemiologists identify as “food deserts,” access to food is difficult and limited to unhealthy options, whereas in “food oases,” access to healthy food is easier and widely available. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Mexican Chicago, this article moves from the deterministic, spatial frameworks of food deserts and food oases toward a meaning-centered framework of residents' creation of food access and acquisition. Many residents feel that, given the metropolitan structure of Chicago, they can access the resources necessary for their gastronomic lives. Further, they do not conceive of food access as embedded in a static environment but as created from their activities and their opportunities for mobility. They treat the wider Chicago metropolis as their community, particularly areas that are easily accessible by car. Immigrants explain that they can find products from their homeland. They report that compared to past decades, the availability of Mexican products is greater today: both a larger variety of products and an increased diversity of outlets that sell these products. These findings suggest that in the case of Mexican Chicago, the dual imageries of food desert and food oasis are inadequate. Residents highlight access to transportation and the presence of stores that cater to a wide variety of eaters.

The Obama Era and Black Attitudes toward Undocumented Immigration Policies

2021 ◽  
pp. 318-339
Author(s):  
Lorrie Frasure ◽  
Stacey Greene
Keyword(s):  
Black Politics ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Immigration Reform ◽  
Obama Administration ◽  
Linked Fate ◽  
The Us ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigration

In this chapter, we examine African American attitudes toward immigration given the policy context of the Obama administration. What the editors of this volume call an “inverted Black linked fate” with Obama and his administration may or may not have indirectly affected Black attitudes on immigration. In President Obama’s 2012 reelection campaign, he made promises to the immigrant community, but especially the Latino immigrant community, to deliver comprehensive immigration reform. Reform advocates and activists were sorely disappointed when, for various reasons, these promises were not fulfilled and more punitive immigration enforcement led to activists dubbing Obama the “deporter in chief.” How might immigration affect Black politics? We examine what factors shape Black views toward often racialized and politicized policy issues such as immigration in order to provide insight on the prospects for coalition formation and sustainability beyond the Obama administration. We examine the extent to which factors such as economic attitudes, linked fate, neighborhood context, and sociodemographic factors influence Blacks’ views toward undocumented immigrants already living and working in the US. In this sense, we examine the standard conception of group linked fate but consider, to a limited degree, what it says about this volume’s notion of “inverted linked fate.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document