scholarly journals Praziquantel treatment coverage among school age children against   Schistosomiasis and associated factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey, 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilma Chisha ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Mekuria Asnakew ◽  
Chuchu Churko ◽  
Manaye Yihune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Coverage

Abstract Background: World Health Organization estimated that 779 million people are at risk of getting schistosomiasis (SCH) and 240 million people were infected worldwide. SCH due to schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) is a wide public health problem in Ethiopia. The aim of the survey was to quantify national and district disaggregated treatment coverage status for SCH and compare validated coverage with the one reported. Methods: Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2019 among households with school age children (SAC) 5-14 years in seven purposively selected districts of the country. Segments to be surveyed were randomly selected and households to be interviewed from each segment were determined using systematic sampling technique. A total of 3,378 households visited and 5,679 SAC (5-14 years) were interviewed.Results: Overall reported treatment coverage of PZQ against SCH was 4286 (75.5%). Males were 27% more likely to swallow the drug (AOR= 1.27; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) than females. SAC with age 10-14 years were 45% more likely to swallow the drug compared with their counter parts (5-9 years), (AOR =1.45; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.69). Statistically significant association was observed between PZQ swallowing with school enrollment and heard about mass drug administration. Swallowing status of PZQ against SCH significantly higher for SAC treated in districts applied integrated treatment approach (87.5%) compared with SAC treated in vertical treatment approach (72.5%). SACs were asked for reasons for not taking the drug and the main reported reason for not swallowing PZQ in the present study was none attending of the school.Conclusion and recommendation : Over all treatment coverage of PZQ against SCH in the present study was 75.5%. Although it is in accordance with WHO recommendation for Ethiopia, national programmatic improvements are necessary to achieve higher coverage in the future. To increase treatment coverage for PZQ against SCH in Ethiopia, school based training should target all schools. Moreover, mobilization, sensitization and implementation of the community wide treatment need to be improved.

scholarly journals Praziquantel treatment coverage among school age children against Schistosomiasis and associated factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilma Chisha ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Mekuria Asnakew ◽  
Chuchu Churko ◽  
Manaye Yihune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Coverage

Abstract Background World Health Organization estimated that 779 million people are at risk of getting schistosomiasis (SCH) and 240 million people were infected worldwide. SCH due to Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) is a wide public health problem in Ethiopia. The aim of the survey was to quantify national and district disaggregated treatment coverage status for SCH and compare validated coverage with the one reported. Methods Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2019 among households with school age children (SAC) 5–14 years in seven purposively selected districts of the country. Segments to be surveyed were randomly selected and households to be interviewed from each segment were determined using systematic sampling technique. A total of 3378 households visited and 5679 SAC (5–14 years) were interviewed. Results Overall reported treatment coverage of Praziquantel (PZQ) against SCH was 4286 (75.5%). Males were 27% more likely to swallow the drug (AOR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) than females. SAC with age 10–14 years were 45% more likely to swallow the drug compared with their counter parts (5–9 years), (AOR =1.45; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.69). There is statistically significant association between PZQ swallowing status with school enrollment. (AOR = 20.90, 95% CI: 17.41, 25.08). Swallowing status of PZQ against SCH significantly higher for SAC treated in districts applied integrated treatment approach (87.5%) compared with SAC treated in vertical treatment approach (72.5%); P-value < 0.001. SACs were asked for reasons for not taking the drug and the main reported reason for not swallowing PZQ in the present study was none attending of the school. Conclusions Over all treatment coverage of PZQ against SCH in the present study was 75.5%. Although it is in accordance with WHO recommendation for Ethiopia, national programmatic improvements are necessary to achieve higher coverage in the future. To increase treatment coverage for PZQ against SCH in Ethiopia, school based training should target all schools. Moreover, mobilization, sensitization and implementation of the community wide treatment need to be improved.

scholarly journals Praziquantel treatment coverage among school age children against  Schistosomiasis and associated factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey, 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilma Chisha Dea ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Mekuria Asnakew ◽  
Chuchu Churko ◽  
Manaye Yihune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Coverage

Abstract Background: World Health Organization estimated that 779 million people are at risk of getting schistosomiasis (SCH) and 240 million people were infected worldwide. SCH due to schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) is a wide public health problem in Ethiopia. The aim of the survey was to quantify national and district disaggregated treatment coverage status for SCH and compare validated coverage with the one reported. Methods: Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2019 among households with school age children (SAC) 5-14 years in seven purposively selected districts of the country. Segments to be surveyed were randomly selected and households to be interviewed from each segment were determined using systematic sampling technique. A total of 3,378 households visited and 5,679 SAC (5-14 years) were interviewed.Results: Overall reported treatment coverage of Praziquantel (PZQ) against SCH was 4286 (75.5%). Males were 27% more likely to swallow the drug (AOR= 1.27; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) than females. SAC with age 10-14 years were 45% more likely to swallow the drug compared with their counter parts (5-9 years), (AOR =1.45; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.69). There is statistically significant association between PZQ swallowing status with school enrollment. (AOR= 20.90, 95% CI: 17.41, 25.08). Swallowing status of PZQ against SCH significantly higher for SAC treated in districts applied integrated treatment approach (87.5%) compared with SAC treated in vertical treatment approach (72.5%); P-value <0.001. SACs were asked for reasons for not taking the drug and the main reported reason for not swallowing PZQ in the present study was none attending of the school.Conclusions Over all treatment coverage of PZQ against SCH in the present study was 75.5%. Although it is in accordance with WHO recommendation for Ethiopia, national programmatic improvements are necessary to achieve higher coverage in the future. To increase treatment coverage for PZQ against SCH in Ethiopia, school based training should target all schools. Moreover, mobilization, sensitization and implementation of the community wide treatment need to be improved.

scholarly journals Praziquantel treatment coverage among school age children against schistosomiasis associated factors and in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey, 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilma Chisha ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Mekuria Asnakew ◽  
Chuchu Churko ◽  
Manaye Yihune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Coverage

Abstract Background: World Health Organization estimated that 779 million people are at risk of getting schistosomiasis and 240 million people were infected worldwide. Schistosomiasis due to S. mansoni is a wide public health problem in Ethiopia. The aim of the survey was to quantify national and district disaggregated treatment coverage status for schistosomiasis and compare validated coverage with the one reported. Methods: Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2019 among households with school age children (5-14 years) in seven purposively selected districts of the country. Segments (villages within the selected kebele) to be surveyed were randomly selected and households to be interviewed from each segment were determined using systematic sampling technique. A total of 3,378 households visited and 5,679 school age children (5-14 years)) were interviewed.Results: Overall reported treatment coverage of schistosomiasis was 4286 (75.5%). Male SAC were 27% more likely to consume the drug (AOR= 1.27; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) than females. SAC with 10-14 years swallowed the drug 45% better than 5-9 years (AOR =1.45; 95%CI: 1.25, 1.69). Statistically significant association was observed between Praziquantel swallowing with school enrollment and heard about mass drug administration. Swallowing status of Praziquantel against schistosomiasis significantly higher for SAC treated in districts applied integrated treatment approach (87.5%) compared with SAC treated in vertical approach (72.5%). Reasons for not taking the drug were asked and the main reported reason for not swallowing Praziquantel in the present study was none attending of the school.Conclusion and recommendation Over all treatment coverage of Praziquantel against schistosomiasis in the present study was 75.5%. Although it is in accordance with WHO recommendation for Ethiopia, national programmatic improvements are necessary to achieve higher coverage. To increase treatment coverage of Praziquantel in Ethiopia, school based training should target all schools and mobilization, sensitization and implementation of the community wide treatment need to be improved.

scholarly journals Breakfast Frequency and Composition in a Group of Polish Children Aged 7–10 Years

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2241
Author(s):  
Anna Kawalec ◽  
Krystyna Pawlas
Keyword(s):  
Survey Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Early School ◽  
Early School Age ◽  
Meal Composition

Breakfast is considered one of the crucial elements of a healthy diet. Most studies evaluate breakfast consumption with the risk of obesity and other health effects. Less attention is paid to the evaluation of breakfast composition and patterns. Thus, this study aimed to describe the most frequently observed breakfast patterns and to assess breakfast composition and quality in a group of Polish early school-age children. The cross-sectional survey study was conducted in school years 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. Information regarding breakfast was obtained with the use of an original paper-based weekly observation diary, and breakfast quality was assessed with a special scoring designed to be used together with the diary. In total, 223 schoolchildren of the second and third grades participated in the study, and 200 diaries were analyzed. More than ¾ of the participants consumed breakfast every day. Nearly 68% of meals were classified as well balanced, but only 16.5% of children eat a well-balanced breakfast every day. The number of children who usually (≥5 times per week) eat a sandwich for breakfast was 94 (47%), and that of those who habitually eat cereal and milk or porridge was 29 (14.5%). Only 7% of children consumed fruit or vegetables for breakfast daily, and 26.5% never eat fruit or vegetables for breakfast. Concluding, most children eat breakfast regularly, but the meal composition and quality might be improved.

scholarly journals Preventive chemotherapy coverage against Soil-transmitted helminthiases among school age children in vertical versus integrated treatment approaches: Implications from coverage validation survey in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekuria Asfaw ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Chuchu Churko ◽  
Fikre Seife ◽  
Manaye Yihune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Mass Treatment ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
Treatment Coverage ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

AbstractBackgroundSoil-transmitted helminths (STH) are widely distributed in Ethiopia with highest prevalence and burden. Since 2015 the country launched national deworming programme to control STH associated morbidity using mass treatment with Albendazole/Mebendazole. Data on routine coverage of Preventive chemotherapy (PC) are available at different level of the health system, however in some circumstances these reports are unreliable and evidence is lacking on validated treatment coverage against STH.MethodologyA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in ten districts of Ethiopia; from January to April 2019. A total of 8154 SAC (4100 males and 4054 females) were participated from randomly selected households. Data were analysed using SPSS software (IBM, version 25); then di-aggregated by gender, age and school attendance and presented in tables and graphs.Principal findingsAlbendazole/Mebendazole mass treatment coverage against STH among school-age children was found to be 71%. In vertical (school-based) treatment approach, 4822(68.4%) were treated; whereas in integrated (community directed) approach, 963(86.9 %) were treated. The treatment coverage among males was 2948(71.9%), while among females it was 2837(70%). Based on age the treatment coverage in the age group 10-14 years was 77%; which is higher than the coverage in age group 5-9 years was 64.4%. In addition, the treatment coverage in school attendant was 81%; which is higher than coverage non-enrolled children (28%). The main deworming site was school, 5223(91%). Moreover, the main reported reasons for not swallowing drugs were not attending school, 422(19.75%) and drugs were not given, 397(18.6%).Concussions/significanceAlbendazole/Mebendazole mass treatment coverage against soil-transmitted helminths among school-age children was below the WHO recommendation (75%). Operational research is required to identify barriers for low coverage of ALB/MBD among children who are non-enrolled school-age children. Further, a call for action is required from different stakeholders to improve treatment coverage of ALB/MBD.Author SummaryNeglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a group of communicable diseases, which inequitably affect the world’s poorest, marginalized, voiceless and powerless people. It is prevalent in areas with unsafe water, poor sanitation and hygiene. STH (ascariasis, hookworm, and trichuriasis), intestinal worms, are one of the common NTDs which are transmitted through contact with soil contaminated with human feces.Globally, more than 4 billion people are at risk for STH and with over 1 billion are already infected. In Ethiopia, about 81 million people are at risk for STH infection. School age children and pre-school age children are highly affected by the diseases, and it causes anemia, vitamin A deficiency, stunting, malnutrition, impaired development, and intestinal obstruction.As one of NTDS, ending STH can contribute to Ethiopia be on track of attaining universal health coverage (UHC). STH can be controlled, possibly eliminated by combined interventions of preventive chemotherapy with improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). In Ethiopia, though remarkable attainments are made so far on controlling STH morbidity through mapping and scaling-up mass drug administration, still more work is required to increase coverage of PC and integration of PC with WASH to meet the national objectives of elimination or control of STH.

scholarly journals Assessment of the usefulness of anti-Wb123 antibody for post-elimination surveillance of lymphatic filariasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameyo Monique Dorkenoo ◽  
Adjaho Koba ◽  
Wemboo A. Halatoko ◽  
Minongblon Teko ◽  
Komlan Kossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Endemic District

Abstract Background The World Health Organization has targeted lymphatic filariasis (LF) for elimination as a public health problem and recommends, among other measures, post-elimination surveillance of LF. The identification of sensitive and specific surveillance tools is therefore a research priority. The Wuchereria bancrofti-specific antigen Wb123-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Wb123 ELISA) detects antibodies to the recombinant Wb123 antigen of W. bancrofti and may be useful as a surveillance tool for LF. Six years after stopping mass drug administration to eliminate LF and recording successful results on two post-treatment transmission assessment surveys, a study was conducted in Togo aimed at helping to identify the role of the Wb123 ELISA in post-validation surveillance of LF. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in eight previously LF-endemic districts and one non-endemic district in Togo. In each sub-district of these nine districts, two schools were selected and 15 children aged 6 to 9 years old at each school provided finger-stick blood for testing for antibodies to Wb123 using the Filaria Detect™ IgG4 ELISA kit® (InBios, International, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA). Results A total of 2654 children aged 6 to 9 years old were tested in 134 schools in the nine districts. Overall, 4.7% (126/2654) children tested positive for antibodies to the Wb123 antigen of W. bancrofti. The prevalence of Wb123 antibodies varied across the eight previously endemic LF districts, from 1.56 to 6.62%. The highest prevalence, 6.99%, was found in the non-endemic district, but this was not significantly different from the average of all the LF districts (4.49%, P = 0.062). Conclusions The Wb123 ELISA was positive in 4.7% of Togolese school-age children who were almost certainly unexposed to LF. This apparent lack of specificity in the Togo context makes it difficult to establish a seroprevalence threshold that could serve to signal LF resurgence in the country, precluding the use of this test for post-validation surveillance in Togo. There remains a need to develop a useful and reliable test for post-elimination surveillance for LF in humans.

Cross-sectional survey of trachoma in school age children in the region of Thi??s (Senegal)

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 979-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELODIE MOALIC ◽  
JEAN-MARC DUEYMES ◽  
RAOUL BARON ◽  
ANNE-MARIE LE FLOHIC
Keyword(s):  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals An Online Cross-Sectional Survey on Oral Healthcare Among School-Age Children During COVID-19 Epidemic in Wuhan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Yuhong Li ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Han Jiang ◽  
Chenzheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
School Closure ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Attendance

Background: Since the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the government of China adopted many measures which changed people's lifestyle including oral health-related lifestyle to control the transmission. The aim of this study was to investigate oral health status, oral healthcare behaviors, and parental attitudes toward oral healthcare among school-age children in Wuhan during the COVID-19 outbreak and what the status would be when the outbreak is under control.Methods: This study was an online cross-sectional survey facing elementary school students in Wuhan. The questionnaire was completed by children's parents or other family members. The information on demographic data, oral health status, oral healthcare behaviors, and parental attitudes toward oral healthcare was collected at the end of school closure. The chi-square test was used to test the association of different questionnaire items.Results: A total of 18,383 subjects aged 6–13 years with complete data were included in this investigation, and 44.2% of them suffered pain or discomfort related to teeth and gums during the epidemic. While there might be an increasing need and concern of oral healthcare during the outbreak and even when the outbreak was controlled, the worry of infection made it difficult for people to meet their demands of dental attendance.Conclusion: The risk of cross-infection during the treatment had a negative influence on parental attitudes toward dental attendance. Effective measures should be taken to meet people's demands of dental attendance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Undernutrition and Its Associated Factors among Children below Five Years of Age in Bure Town, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desalegne Amare ◽  
Ayenew Negesse ◽  
Baye Tsegaye ◽  
Birtukan Assefa ◽  
Birehanu Ayenie
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Stunting

Background. Malnutrition is the major public health problem over the world. Developing countries are highly affected. Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia, contribute the highest of all. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and its associated factors among children below five years of age.Methods. Community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 342 study participants. Simple random sampling technique was used to select sampling kebeles and study units. Weight and height were measured using calibrated instruments. The data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 software and calculated using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software and/or World Health Organization Anthro software with aid of Stat/Transfer.Results. Overall prevalence of undernutrition was 35.5%, of which 85 (24.9%), 38 (11.1%), and 49 (14.3%) were stunting, wasting, and underweight, respectively. Male children were more affected in both severe and moderate nutritional problems compared to female children. The finding showed that 27 (7.9%) had severe stunting, 15 (4.4%) had severe wasting, and 11 (3.2%) had severe underweight, respectively.Conclusion. Undernutrition was high in Bure town among children below five years of age. Male sex, maternal educational status, low household income, preterm babies, absence of antenatal follow-up, diarrhea, and respiratory infections within one-month duration were factors affecting undernutrition.

Prevalence, Patterns, and Determinants of Intimate Partner Violence Experienced by Women Who Are Pregnant in Sanma Province, Vanuatu

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096923
Author(s):  
Stephanie McKelvie ◽  
Basil Leodoro ◽  
Thomas Sala ◽  
Thach Tran ◽  
Jane Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health Organization

Violence perpetrated by an intimate partner (IPV) is an important human rights and public health problem worldwide and when experienced during pregnancy is of special concern due to the harmful impact on maternal and child health. Women living in Vanuatu, and especially Sanma Province, experience high rates of IPV, however little is known about their experiences of violence when pregnant. The aim was to describe the prevalence, patterns and determinants of IPV among women who are pregnant in Sanma Province, Vanuatu. A cross-sectional survey was used. All healthy adult women attending Northern Provincial Hospital antenatal clinic from late May to late July 2019 were eligible and invited to participate. Psychological, physical and sexual IPV and controlling behaviours were assessed with a modified version of the World Health Organization Violence Against Women Instrument administered as an individual interview. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse prevalence and patterns of IPV and logistic regression models to identify determinants. Of 214 women who expressed interest in participating, 192 women contributed data. Overall 64.2% of women had experienced any IPV during their lifetime and 42.2% had experienced IPV during their current pregnancy. Experience of co-occurrence of violence types was common, and it was more common for IPV to continue than to cease during pregnancy. Factors which increased likelihood of experiencing IPV included being employed, occupying a lower socioeconomic position, having a partner who was unemployed or used alcohol or illicit substances at least once a week. IPV, in all its forms, is a common problem faced by women who are pregnant and living in Vanuatu.

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