scholarly journals Water Quality and Trophic Status of a Lake (Mariut, Egypt) Eight Years After Diversion of Wastewater Effluents

Author(s):  
Nashwa A. Shaaban

Abstract Water resource management and lake rehabilitation is a global interest, to overcome the acute water scarcity facing most urban areas, especially in developing countries. Lake Mariut (LM) is an Egyptian lake that lies south of Mediterranean Sea, and its management had a great interest in Alexandria’s future development and as a part of the environmental sustainability of the Mediterranean basin. LM consists of 4 major basins namely, main basin MB, NWB, SWB, and FB. The MB has deteriorated as it consistently received (sewage and industrial) wastewaters till 2010. This was the date of diversion of the polluting sources as a rehabilitation step. The present work is made after elapsing 8 years from the diversion and aims at monitoring and assessing the status of the water quality not only of MB but also for the other 3 basins too. This was carried out twice, one in cold winter and the other in warm summer. The parameters studied were physico-chemical ones including DO besides nutrient salts (N and P compounds). The results revealed that the waters of both MB and SW basin were depleted in DO to a level difficult to sustain fish life. Tropically, all the studied basins were in eutrophic-hypereutrophic condition. The depletion in the vital DO is catastrophic and needs urgent solution/s. One of the proposed solutions is the dredging of bottom spoiled organic-rich sediments. This and other suggested solutions are, however, discussed, evaluated, and presented.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-453
Author(s):  
Elna Lucilia Santos Corrêa ◽  
Karina Suzana Feitosa Pinheiro ◽  
Cláudio José Da Silva de Sousa ◽  
Luiz Jorge Bezerra da Silva Dias

O Brasil apresenta grande disponibilidade de água doce em seus mananciais. Fazendo parte desse recurso encontra-se, o rio Paciência, localizado na Ilha do Maranhão destacado pela sua importância local, principalmente por contribuir com suas águas para recarga dos mananciais subterrâneos, fonte de abastecimento público de vários bairros de São Luís, capital do estado. No entanto, este rio vem sofrendo comprometimento da qualidade de suas águas, consequência do processo de uso e ocupação dos espaços em sua bacia. Destacando-se como um dos principais problemas relacionados a qualidade de ambientes fluviais,  a eutrofização, que consiste no processo em que o corpo d’água adquire elevados níveis de nutrientes (fosfatos e nitratos), é um indicador determinante da qualidade da água. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a qualidade da água e do estado trófico na bacia hidrográfica do rio Paciência atráves dos parâmetros fisico-químico evidenciando os trechos mais comprometidos conforme os valores alcançados nas análises. Os resultados das análises foram comparados com a CONAMA No. 357/05 que indicaram uma situação preocupante quanto à qualidade da água no local de estudo.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de água; Eutrofização; Ilha do Maranhão. ABSTRACTThe Brazil has great availability of fresh water in its springs. Within these contexts, the Paciência River, located on the Island of Maranhão stands out for its local importance, mainly for contributing its waters to the recharge of the underground springs, source of public supply of several districts of São Luís, capital of the state. However, this river has been compromising the quality of its waters, a consequence of the process of use and occupation of the spaces in its basin. Highlighting as one of the main problems related to the quality of fluvial environments, eutrophication, which consists of the process in which the body of water acquires high levels of nutrients (phosphates and nitrates), is a determinant indicator of water quality. In this sense, the objective of this work was to characterize the water quality and trophic status in the Paciência river basin through the physico-chemical parameters, showing the most compromised stretches according to the values reached in the analyzes. The results of the analyzes were compared with CONAMA No. 357/05 which indicated a worrying situation regarding the quality of the water at the place of study.Keywords: Water quality; Eutrophication; Island of Maranhão. RESUMENBrasil tiene gran disponibilidad de agua dulce en sus manantiales. Parte de este recurso es el río Paciencia, ubicado en la isla de Maranhão, que destaca por su importancia local, principalmente porque contribuye con sus aguas a recargar las fuentes subterráneas, fuente de suministro público de varios barrios de São Luís, capital del estado. Sin embargo, este río se ha visto afectado por la calidad de sus aguas, como consecuencia del proceso de uso y ocupación de los espacios en su cuenca. Destacando como uno de los principales problemas relacionados con la calidad de los ambientes fluviales, la eutrofización, que consiste en el proceso en el que el cuerpo de agua adquiere altos niveles de nutrientes (fosfatos y nitratos), es un indicador determinante de la calidad del agua. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la calidad del agua y el estado trófico en la cuenca del río Paciência a través de los parámetros fisicoquímicos, mostrando las secciones más comprometidas de acuerdo con los valores alcanzados en los análisis. Los resultados de los análisis se compararon con CONAMA N°. 357/05, que indicó una situación preocupante con respecto a la calidad del agua en el sitio de estudio.Palabras clave: Calidad del agua; Eutrofización, Isla Maranhão.


Author(s):  
Bernajocele Jalyn S. Baldoza ◽  
Ulysses M. Montojo ◽  
Karl Bryan Perelonia ◽  
Kathlene Cleah D. Benitez ◽  
Flordeliza D. Cambia ◽  
...  

Fishponds around Manila Bay contributed an average of 41.19% of the total aquaculture production in the country. However, massive productions entail the intensification of ponds, which resulted in water quality deterioration. In 2016, Opinion et al. reported water quality in the aquaculture farms around the bay but does not include the other significant parameters required to be monitored, as stated in the DENR AO (2016). Thus, this study investigated the status of water quality in different pond systems surrounding Manila Bay. Extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive fishponds from adjoining provinces of Cavite, Pampanga, Bataan, and Bulacan were monitored throughout the rearing period. Results showed that levels of NH3-N (0.90 mg/L – 2.35 mg/L) and PO4-3 (1.02 mg/L – 2.42 mg/L) were not suitable for the culture of fish. Nevertheless, NO3-N, NO2-N BOD, TSS, DO, pH, and temperature were within the safe levels. Furthermore, results suggested that there should be a regular monitoring of water quality to regulate and manage fishponds surrounding the bay. Finally, strict compliance of the Code of Good Aquaculture Practices (GAqP) must be imposed to achieve water quality standards.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwitha Krishnaraj ◽  
Ramesh H

Abstract Exploring qualitative measures of any waterbody is as vital as quantitative analysis for the sustainability of our water resources. Thus, examining the dynamics of spatiotemporal behaviour of dominant Water Quality Parameters (WQPs) along any waterbody is indeed critical for proposing the appropriate water resource management. This study aims to create a Machine learning model for mapping the dominant optical and non-optical WQPs such as Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, Temperature (Temp), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) using satellite data. However, the association between WQPs and satellite data is strenuous to model precisely using simple regression theory. In this context, we developed remote sensing-based Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) regressor with optimized Hyperparameters to understand the spatiotemporal variations of WQPs using Landsat-8 imageries. We evaluated six years of satellite data for the geographical area covering from Ankinghat to Chopan (20 sampling stations under Central Water Commission (CWC), Middle Ganga Division (MGD) II) for characterizing the trends of dominant Physico-chemical WQPs across the four clusters identified in our previous study. Through the developed XGBoost and MLP regression models between measured WQPs and the remote sensing reflectance for the pixels corresponding to the sampling stations, a significant coefficient of determination (R2) in the range of 0.88- 0.98 for XGBoost and 0.72-0.97 for MLP have generated with bands B1-B4 and their ratios more consistent. Indeed, our findings recommend fewer in-situ measurements to generate reliable Landsat-8 based ML models to estimate Spatio-temporal variations of Physico-chemical and biological WQPs to facilitate better management of our waterbodies.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
James Last Keyombe* ◽  
Edna Waithaka

In-depth analyses of physicochemical parameters and dissolved nutrients in Lake Naivasha was done during the dry (June 2014) and wet seasons (May and April 2016). A comparison of the results was made between the two seasons. Dissolved oxygen in Lake Naivasha was higher in comparison to other fresh water lakes within Kenya while relative stability was noted in the other physico-chemical parameters (pH, temperature and conductivity). Results also show that Lake Naivasha is phosphorus limited aquatic system with measurements ranging between 0.07 – 0.23 mg/l in March and 0.09 – 0.83 mg/l in April 2016. Nitrates ranged between 0.10 mg/l – 0.30 mg/l in March 2016 while in April no Nitrates were detected in the water samples. Sources of nutrient loading into the lake should be investigated and proper measure to be taken for sustainability of Lake Naivasha.


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174
Author(s):  
Syamsul Bahri

Tempe Lake is one of 15 lakes as national priority to be saved. Today, the Tempe Lake has been blooming of aquatic weeds. The aims of research are i). to know the vegetation succesion, ii). To know the condition of water quality in lake and input river to lake, iii). To identify the main pollution sources of the nitrogen (N) and fosfor (P). The research carried out in dry season on June and August 2015. Analysis of succesion vegetation using the theory of vegetation succession in shallow lakes. Analysis of water quality using the criteria for fisheries and trophic status. Identification of N and P pollutant sources using secondary data namely agriculture area, type of fertilizer, total population, livestock. Based on the research, that in Tempe Lake has been processing the succession of vegetation, at least about four group of vegetation dominantly, namely phytoplankton, floating plant, emergent plant, and fringing plant. The lake water quality and the input river to lake still meets the criteria for fisheries. However, according to the status trophic of lake based on N dan P were hypertrophic with the average concentration N-total 0,697 mg/L and P-total 0,224 mg/L. The status trophic for the input river to lake based on N was oligotrophic with the average concentration of N-total 0,362 mg/L and based on P was eutrophic with the average concentration of P-total 0,291 mg/L.


BIBECHANA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achut Ram Pradhananga ◽  
Ramesh Kaji Shakya ◽  
Pawan Raj Shakya

The aim of current study was to evaluate the status of Taudaha lake water with respect to different physico-chemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, free CO2, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total solids (TS), total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, phosphate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, lead, cadmium, copper and zinc) in monsoon season 2012. Results reveal that almost all the physico-chemical parameters including the elemental investigation of the lake water have values within the range of the maximum permissible levels for drinking water. The results were compared with WHO water quality guidelines as well as with literature values reported for global lake water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v9i0.7189 BIBECHANA 9 (2013) 141-150


2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
T Datta ◽  
IJ Ema ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
NT Meghla

The study was conducted to determine the status of physico-chemical parameters of the Brahmaputra river water in Sherpur district and also to assess the monthly variation of the river water. To perform the study the samples were collected from five different stations during the period of December 2013 to May 2014. Various water quality parameters such as transparency, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), hardness and alkalinity were examined. The study revealed that a slightly variation in water quality at different stations of the river. The mean value of transparency (42.21 cm), temperature (23.38oC), EC (351.12 ?s/cm), TDS (178.54 mg/l), pH (7.75), DO (4.47 mg/l), BOD (1.02 mg/l), hardness (82.36 mg/l) and alkalinity (98.63 mg/l) showed that the present status of the Brahmaputra river water is suitable for all aquatic lives, domestic and agricultural uses. Although the overall status of the river water quality is suitable, degradation was detected in few points which might be due to anthropogenic activities, especially the direct discharge of domestic effluents into river. Thus, necessary initiatives should be taken against such anthropogenic activities to maintain the overall water quality of the Brahmaputra river for its sustainable use.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(1): 35-41, June-2015


1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Das ◽  
D. Biswas ◽  
S. Roy

The physico-chemical characteristics of water, aquatic weeds and bank flora of three water reservoirs located in Krishnagar city (longitude 88°33'E, latitude 23°24'N), West Bengal, India, were studied for a period of 24 months. Altogether 13 genera of aquatic macrophytes belonging to 10 families, and 24 plant species (bank flora) belonging to 16 families were identified in the present investigation. The physico-chemical characteristic of pond water was found to be altered due to these aquatic plants. We have found a general relationship between trophic status of a water body and the aquatic plants present there. We have also found the alteration of water quality due to presence of various aquatic plants. Key words: Physico-chemical characteristics, hydrophytes, macrophytes, bank flora, weeds. DOI: 10.3126/eco.v16i0.3467ECOPRINT 16: 9-13, 2009


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 025-033
Author(s):  
S.O. Ajagbe ◽  
D.O. Odulate ◽  
O.S. Ariwoola ◽  
F.I. Abdulazeez ◽  
M.T. Ojubolamo ◽  
...  

Water quality determines the distribution of aquatic organisms within aquatic ecosystem. Deterioration of water quality is of a great concern in  freshwater ecosystem because of its adverse effects on freshwater organisms. Therefore, the physico-chemical parameters of Ikere-gorge were examined in this study to determine its suitability for fish production. Air and water temperature, transparency, electrical conductivity and totaldissolved solids were determined in-situ. Dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, phosphate and nitrate were determined with standard analytical methods. The selected parameters examined in this study were determined monthly between January 2017 and December 2018. The mean monthly values of physico-chemical parameters of Ikere-gorge obtained are as follows: air temperature (27.46±1.82 ºC), water temperature (28.14±1.57 ºC), pH (6.50±0.63), water transparency (1.34±0.12 m), dissolved oxygen (5.93±0.29 mg/L), electrical conductivity (130.59±7.59 μS/cm), total dissolved solids (67.67±4.37 mg/L), total hardness (56.70±15.76 mg/L), total alkalinity (58.97±9.53 mg/L), total phosphate (2.22±0.67 μg/L) and nitrate  (2.90±1.23 μg/L). Likewise, it was observed that surface water temperature had negative significant relationship with dissolved oxygen at P < 0.05.Transparency has negative significant relationship with phytoplankton abundance at 0.05 (P ˂ 0.05) and with phosphate and nitrate at 0.01 significant level. The annual mean of Trophic Status Index based on total phosphate is 15.04±1.63. This classified Ikere-gorge trophic status as mesotrophic at stage 2. The result of this study reveals the mesotrophic status of Ikere-gorge and water quality are within the ranges recommended  for fish production and should be adequately managed for sustainable fish production. Keywords: Aquatic organisms, Ecosystem, Freshwater, Trophic state, Abundance


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Masykur HZ ◽  
Bintal Amin ◽  
Jasril Jasril ◽  
Sofyan Husein Siregar

District of Tembilahan Hulu is the capital of Indragiri Hilir Regency which has two rivers, namely the Sungai Parit 11 and Sungai Parit 13. These rivers has a tidal type with the estuary on the Indragiri River. The function of these rivers is used as a rain water drainage that existence is not be separated from human activities around the watershed. Characteristics of rivers that cross urban areas are susceptible to decreasing water quality and environmental pollution from the effects of high anthropogenic activities. This study aims to analyze the status of water quality in two rivers that cross district of Tembilahan Hulu, Indragiri Regency. Sungai Parit 11 as the research area has a length of ±5 km and Sungai Parit 13 has a length of ±6 km, each of which is divided into 3 locations of sampling points representing the condition of tides and low tides. The placement of each sampling point is determined based on the representation of the upstream, middle and downstream of the river. Analysis of water quality status of the rivers is made using STORET method which comprehensive by Decree of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia Number 115 Year 2003. The results showed the status of water quality of Sungai Parit 11 and Sungai Parit 13 in District of Tembilahan Hulu, Indragiri Hilir regency in heavily polluted conditions.


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