scholarly journals Development of Multi-channel Electro-conductive Nanofibrous Conduits for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloofar Nazeri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Derakhshan ◽  
Korosh Mansoori ◽  
Hossein Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nerve Conduits ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Regeneration

Abstract Multichannel structures in the design of nerve conduits offer potential advantages for regeneration of damaged nerves due to their bio-mimicking architecture. However, lack of biochemical cues and electrical stimulation could hamper satisfactory nerve regeneration. The aim of this study was to simultaneously evaluate the effects of topographical, biological and electrical cues on sciatic nerve regeneration in a rat model. Accordingly, a series of multichannel nanofibrous nerve conduit was made using longitudinally-aligned laminin-coated electrospun PLGA/CNT nanofibers (NF, mean diameter: 455 ± 362 nm) in the lumen and randomly-oriented PCL NF (mean diameter: 340 ± 200 nm) on the outer surface. In vitro studies revealed that both materials were nontoxic to Schwann cells and able to promote cell attachment and proliferation. To determine the influence of topographical, biological and electrical cues on nerve regeneration, either of hollow PCL conduits, PLGA NF-embedded, PLGA/CNT NF-embedded or laminin-coated PLGA/CNT NF-embedded PCL conduits were implanted in rats. A new surgery method was utilized and results were compared with an autograft. After animal treatments, motor and sensory tests showed significant improvement in the rats treated with NF-embedded PCL conduits. H&E images obtained from cross-sectional and, longitudinal-sections of the regenerated nerves demonstrated the formation of regenerative nerve fibers and also, angiogenesis in laminin-coated PLGA/CNT NF-embedded PCL conduits. Results suggested that these conduits have the potential for clinical application to reconstruct peripheral nerve defects.

scholarly journals Chitin Nerve Conduits with Three-Dimensional Spheroids of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from SD Rats Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Ci Li ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Song-Yang Liu ◽  
Feng-Shi Zhang ◽  
Teng Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Nerve Conduits

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is an unresolved medical problem with limited therapeutic effects. Epineurium neurorrhaphy is an important method for the treatment of PNI in clinical application, but it is accompanied by inevitable complications such as the misconnection of nerve fibers and neuroma formation. Conduits small gap tubulization has been proved to be an effective suture method to replace the epineurium neurorrhaphy. In this study, a chitin conduit was used to bridge the peripheral nerve stumps. The micromorphology, mechanical property, and biocompatibility of chitin conduits were characterized. The results showed chitin was a high-quality biological material for constructing nerve conduits. In addition, previous reports demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells culture as spheroids can improve the therapeutic potential. In the present study, we used a hanging drop protocol to prepare bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) spheroids. Meanwhile, spherical stem cells could express higher stemness-related genes. In the PNI rat models with small gap tubulization, the transformation of BMSCs spheroids, but not BMSCs monolayer, improved sciatic nerve regeneration. Therefore, combining BMSCs spheroids with chitin nerve conduits shows application potential in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration.

scholarly journals Translational strategies in peripheral neuroinflammation and neurovascular repair

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eroboghene Ubogu
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Current Therapies

AbstractCurrent therapies for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders in peripheral nerves are non-specific, and partly efficacious. Peripheral nerve regeneration following axonal degeneration or injury is suboptimal, with current therapies focused on modulating the underlying etiology and treating the consequences, such as neuropathic pain and weakness. Despite significant advances in understanding mechanisms of peripheral nerve inflammation, as well as axonal degeneration and regeneration, there has been limited translation into effective new drugs for these disorders. A major limitation in the field has been the unavailability of reliable disease models or research tools that mimic some key essential features of these human conditions. A relatively overlooked aspect of peripheral nerve regeneration has been neurovascular repair required to restore the homeostatic microenvironment necessary for normal function. Using Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) as examples of human acute and chronic immune-mediated peripheral neuroinflammatory disorders respectively, we have performed detailed studies in representative mouse models to demonstrate essential features of the human disorders. These models are important tools to develop and test treatment strategies using realistic outcomes measures applicable to affected patients. In vitro models of the human blood-nerve barrier using endothelial cells derived by endoneurial microvessels provide insights into pro-inflammatory leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions relevant to peripheral neuroinflammation, as well as potential mediators and signaling pathways required for vascular proliferation, angiogenesis, remodeling and tight junction specialization necessary to restore peripheral nerve function following injury. This review discusses some of the progress being made in translational peripheral neurobiology and some future

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