The Role and Effectiveness of School-Based Extra-Curricular Interventions on Children’s Health and HIV Related Behaviour: The Case Study of Soul Buddyz Clubs Programme in South Africa

Abstract This paper sought to examine the role and effectiveness of an extra-curricular school based programme, Soul Buddyz Clubs (SBC) on HIV knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and biomedical outcomes. Secondary data analysis was performed on survey data of a nationally representative sample that was restricted to 10 -14-year-old males and females, using bivariate and multivariate methods in Stata14. Fifteen focus group discussions and 24 in-depth interviews conducted with SBC members, programme implementers and stakeholders in five provinces were analysed using thematic analysis in ATLAS.ti. The results indicated that 12% of respondents were exposed to SBC. Children exposed to SBC were more likely to be medically circumcised (AOR 2.38; 95%CI 1.29 -4.40, p=0.006), had correct HIV knowledge (AOR 2.21; 95%CI 1.36 – 3.57, p<0.001) and had less stigmatising attitudes (AOR 0.54; 95%CI 0.31-0.93, p=0.025) – in comparison to those not exposed. Qualitative findings also supported some of the quantitative results. SBC members reported having learnt about HIV prevention life skills, including condom use, positive attitudes towards people living with HIV, and alcohol abuse. Participation in SBC is associated with accessing biomedical HIV prevention services, specifically MMC, correct HIV prevention knowledge and less stigmatizing attitudes. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of a school-based extracurricular intervention using a club approach targeting boys and girls ages 10-14 years on some of the key HIV prevention biomarkers as well as knowledge and attitudes. The article suggests that extra-curricular interventions can form an effective component of school-based comprehensive sexuality education in preventing HIV and promoting medical male circumcision.

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The role and effectiveness of School-based Extra-Curricular Interventions on children’s health and HIV related behaviour: the case study of Soul Buddyz Clubs Programme in South Africa

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-12281-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lebohang Letsela ◽

Michael Jana ◽

Rebecca Pursell-Gotz ◽

Phinah Kodisang ◽

Renay Weiner

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Survey Data ◽

Secondary Data ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Education ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Medical Male Circumcision ◽

School Based ◽

Curricular Interventions

Abstract Background HIV education targeting children and adolescents is a key component of HIV prevention. This is especially important in the context of increasing HIV prevalence rates among adolescents and young people. The authors sought to examine the role and effectiveness of an extra-curricular school based programme, Soul Buddyz Clubs (SBC) on HIV knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and biomedical outcomes. Methods This paper employs a mixed methods approach drawing on data from independent qualitative and quantitative sources. Secondary data analysis was performed using survey data from a nationally representative sample that was restricted to 10-14 year-old males and females living in South Africa. Ten focus group discussions and ten in-depth interviews conducted with SBC members and facilitators from 5 provinces, as part of a process evaluation are used to triangulate the effectiveness of SBC intervention. Results The analysis of survey data from 2 198 children indicated that 12% of respondents were exposed to SBC with 4% reporting that they had ever belonged to a club. Children exposed to SBC were more likely to be medically circumcised (AOR 2.38; 95%CI 1.29 -4.40, p=0.006), had correct HIV knowledge (AOR 2.21; 95%CI 1.36 – 3.57, p<0.001) and had less HIV stigmatising attitudes (AOR 0.54; 95%CI 0.31-0.93, p=0.025), adjusting for age, sex, province and exposure to other media – in comparison to those not exposed. Propensity Score Matching findings were consistent with the regression findings. Qualitative findings also supported some of the quantitative results. SBC members reported having learnt about HIV prevention life skills, including condom use, positive attitudes towards people living with HIV, and alcohol abuse. Conclusions Participation in SBC is associated with accessing biomedical HIV prevention services, specifically MMC, correct HIV prevention knowledge and less HIV stigmatizing attitudes. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of a school-based extracurricular intervention using a club approach targeting boys and girls ages 10-14 years on some of the key HIV prevention biomarkers as well as knowledge and attitudes. The article suggests that extra-curricular interventions can form an effective component of school-based comprehensive sexuality education in preventing HIV and promoting medical male circumcision.

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Getting the right message: a content analysis and application of the health literacy INDEX tool to online HIV resources in Australia

Health Education Research ◽

10.1093/her/cyaa042 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Corie Gray ◽

Gemma Crawford ◽

Roanna Lobo ◽

Bruce Maycock

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Average Score ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Literacy Assessment ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Missed Opportunities

Abstract Health literacy is considered by some as a determinant of health. Research suggests that different levels of health literacy may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and behaviour, including willingness to test. This study assessed the health literacy demands of existing Australia HIV prevention resources available online using a health literacy assessment and content analysis. Two reviewers assessed 66 resources using the Health Literacy INDEX. Sixty-one (92%) scored below 50%, with an average score of 35.5%. A coding frame was developed to conduct a content analysis of the resources excluding videos, multiple webpages and booklets (n = 52). We coded for six categories of knowledge: HIV knowledge (100% of resources), transmission (96%), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge (88%), testing (87%), consequence of infection (85%) and prevention (77%). We found that resources required a reading grade above grade 8, and very few resources considered audience appropriateness. There were missed opportunities to encourage HIV prevention or testing. Some resources used incorrect language to refer towards people living with HIV, and transmission and prevention messages were often inconsistent. Guidelines for developing HIV prevention resources are warranted to improve health literacy, accessibility and appropriateness of resources and ensure consistent messages and framing of HIV risk.

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Programming for HIV prevention in Mexican schools

10.31899/hiv2003.1003 ◽

2003 ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Teacher Training ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Sex Education ◽

Sexuality Education ◽

School Students ◽

National Education ◽

School Based ◽

Teacher Training Programs ◽

Mexican Schools

As national education programs incorporate HIV prevention into school curriculums, policymakers and educators need to know what they can expect from these initiatives. Can such courses influence the behavior of students and improve their knowledge and attitudes? If not, what can these courses reasonably be expected to accomplish, and what part can they play in overall HIV programming for youth? To help answer these questions, the Mexican Institute of Family and Population Research (IMIFAP), the Mexican Ministry of Public Education (SEP), and the Horizons Program examined the effects of a school-based HIV-prevention program on Mexican secondary-school students. All public schools in Mexico must implement sexuality education and teacher-training programs, although the content is left to each state’s discretion. Students must pass this class just as they would other courses in the curriculum. With approval from SEP, a leading Mexican NGO (IMIFAP) experienced in designing sex education courses developed the curriculum and the teacher-training program used in this study. The 30-session student curriculum, described in this brief, focuses on a broad range of topics that aim to equip students with information and skills to prevent HIV infection.

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Independent predictors of comprehensive knowledge of HIV in general population: findings from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (2015-16)

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.21627.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Kyaw Lwin Show ◽

Hemant Deepak Shewade ◽

Khine Wut Yee Kyaw ◽

Khin Thet Wai ◽

San Hone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Health Survey ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weighted Estimates ◽

Representative Study ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge

Background: Myanmar has the third highest number of people living with HIV in Southeast Asia behind Indonesia and Thailand. The independent predictors of comprehensive HIV knowledge among general population are not known. Methods: In this nationally representative study, we adopted a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (2015-16). We included all women and men aged 15-49 years who participated in the survey. We have provided weighted estimates as the analyses were weighted for the multi-stage sampling design. We used modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimates model to identify independent predictors of comprehensive knowledge. Results: Of 17,622 analyzed, 3,599 (20.4%, 95% CI: 19.7, 21.1) had comprehensive knowledge of HIV. Late adolescents, those with less than a high school education, those involved in agriculture and the poorest two quintiles were less likely to have comprehensive knowledge of HIV. Conclusion: In Myanmar, comprehensive knowledge of HIV among the general population needs to be improved and we identified certain independent predictors that could be specifically targeted by the national programme.

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HIV Prevention Among Adolescents

10.1093/oso/9780190847128.003.0019 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Audrey Pettifor ◽

Hamsa Subramaniam

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Behavioral Interventions ◽

Sexuality Education ◽

Success Factors ◽

Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision ◽

Medical Male Circumcision ◽

Persons Living With Hiv ◽

Prevention Interventions ◽

Total Burden ◽

Living With Hiv

This chapter examines the latest information on HIV prevention among adolescents globally. An estimated 5.4 million young people aged 15–24 are living with HIV, accounting for 15% of the total burden of persons living with HIV worldwide. Adolescent girls and young women aged 15–24 years are at particularly high risk of HIV infection. This chapter reviews the latest evidence on HIV prevention interventions, including behavioral interventions; school-based sexuality education; adolescent-friendly health services; HIV testing, including the latest testing modalities; voluntary medical male circumcision; and antiretroviral therapy for prevention. Major challenges and success factors of successful prevention programs to date are reviewed. Also reviewed are key gaps in knowledge regarding HIV prevention and areas for improved prevention among adolescents.

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Association between HIV knowledge and stigmatizing attitudes towards people living with HIV in Afghanistan: findings from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey

International Health ◽

10.1093/inthealth/ihz013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 440-446

Author(s):

Qais Alemi ◽

Carl Stempel

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Health Survey ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Family Members ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Stigmatizing Attitudes ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Close Family

Abstract Background Afghanistan has witnessed a dramatic increase in HIV infections. Public health officials have responded with campaigns to educate the public about HIV prevention and transmission. We examine the association between HIV prevention and transmission knowledge and stigma towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Afghanistan. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data (n=11 930) from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the effects of accurate HIV knowledge related to safer sex and local misconceptions about the virus’s transmission (e.g. mosquitos and witchcraft) on two stigma outcomes, namely, stigma towards public others with HIV (teachers and food vendors) and stigma towards close family members with HIV. Results Stigmatizing attitudes were highly prevalent and HIV knowledge varied widely. Multivariate analyses show that correct knowledge related to local misconceptions about HIV prevention and transmission is significantly associated with lower stigma towards public others (ΔR2adjusted=0.07); however, knowledge had little and contradictory influence in the model predicting stigma towards close family members with HIV (ΔR2adjusted=0.005). Conclusions These findings suggest that it would be worthwhile designing interventions that dispel local misconceptions about HIV. This may be helpful in reducing stigma towards PLHIV in public positions but not towards family members, which calls for alternative strategies for reducing HIV-related stigma.

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Independent predictors of comprehensive knowledge of HIV in general population: findings from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (2015-16)

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.21627.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Kyaw Lwin Show ◽

Hemant Deepak Shewade ◽

Khine Wut Yee Kyaw ◽

Khin Thet Wai ◽

San Hone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Health Survey ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weighted Estimates ◽

Representative Study ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge

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Monitoring socioeconomic inequalities across HIV knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and prevention: results from cross-sectional surveys in 18 sub-Saharan African countries

10.1101/2021.08.24.21262532 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Hamidouche ◽

Pearl Anne Ante-Testard ◽

Rachel Baggaley ◽

Laura Temime ◽

Kévin Jean

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

African Countries ◽

Medical Male Circumcision ◽

Prevention Services ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Ssa Countries

ObjectivesSocioeconomic inequalities in the access to and uptake of HIV prevention services constitute important barriers to global prevention targets, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We aimed at monitoring these inequalities based on data from population-based surveys conducted in 18 SSA countries between 2010 and 2018.MethodsWe defined eight HIV indicators aimed at capturing access to and uptake of HIV prevention services among adult participants. Country-specific wealth-related inequalities were measured using the Relative and Slope Index of Inequalities (RII and SII, respectively) and were then pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. We compared inequalities between African regions using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.ResultsThe sample consisted of 358,591 participants (66% women). Despite the variability in inequalities between countries and indicators, the meta-analysis revealed significant levels of relative and absolute inequalities in 6 out of 8 HIV indicators. For instance, the richest participants were five times more likely than the poorest to report condom use at last sexual intercourse (RII=5.02; 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.79-9.05), corresponding to an absolute difference of 16 percentage-points (SII=0.16; 95% CI: 0.12-0.20). Similar significant inequalities were observed in HIV-related knowledge, positive attitudes toward people living with HIV, recent HIV testing, participation to prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs and medical male circumcision. Overall, inequalities tended to be larger in West and Central vs. East and Southern African countries.ConclusionsDespite efforts to scale-up HIV-prevention programs, socioeconomic inequalities remain substantial over the continuum of HIV primary and secondary prevention in several SSA countries.

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Risk Factor Of Substitution ARV First Line People Living With HIV/AIDS In General Hospital Buleleng Bali

STRADA JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN ◽

10.30994/sjik.v9i1.240 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 190-197

Author(s):

Luh Putu Desy Puspaningrat ◽

Gusti Putu Candra ◽

Putu Dian Prima Kusuma Dewi ◽

I Made Sundayana ◽

Indrie Lutfiana

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

General Hospital ◽

Medical Records ◽

Secondary Data ◽

District General Hospital ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

First Line ◽

The Past ◽

Factor Substitution ◽

Living With Hiv

Substitution is still a threat to the failure of ARV therapy so that no matter how small it must be noted and monitored in ARV therapy. The aims was analysis risk factor substitution ARV first line in therapy ARV. This study was an analytic longitudinal study with retrospective secondary data analysis in a cohort of patients receiving ARV therapy at the District General Hospital of Buleleng District for the period of 2006-2015 and secondary data from medical records of PLHA patients receiving ART. Result in this study that the percentage of first-line ARV substitution events is 9.88% (119/1204) who received ARV therapy for the past 11 years. Risk factors that increase the risk of substitution in ARV therapy patients are zidovudine (aOR 4.29 CI 1.31 -2.65 p 0.01), nevirapine (aOR1.86 CI 2.15 - 8.59 p 0.01) and functional working status (aOR 1.46 CI 1.13 - 1.98 p 0.01).

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School-based HIV prevention programmes for African youth

Social Science & Medicine ◽

10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00331-9 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 1337-1351 ◽

Cited By ~ 205

Author(s):

Melanie Gallant ◽

Eleanor Maticka-Tyndale

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

School Based ◽

Prevention Programmes ◽

African Youth

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