scholarly journals Two-stage particle separation channel based on standing wave surface acoustic wave

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueye Chen ◽  
Yaolong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Particle Separation ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Separation Channel ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Electrode Voltage

Abstract Microfluidic technology has great advantages in the precise manipulation of micro and nano particles, and the collection method of micro and nano particles based on ultrasonic standing waves has attracted much attention for its high efficiency and simplicity of structure. This paper proposes a two-stage particle separation channel using ultrasound. In the microfluidic channel, two different sound pressure regions are used to achieve the separation of particles with positive acoustic contrast factors. Through numerical simulation, the performance of three common piezoelectric substrate materials was compared qualitatively and quantitatively, and it was found that the output sound pressure intensity of 128°YX-LiNbO3 was high and the output was stable. At the same time, the influence of the number of electrode pairs of the interdigital transducer and the electrode voltage on the output sound wave is studied. Finally, 15 pairs of electrode pairs are selected, and the electrode voltages of the two sound pressure regions are 2.0V and 3.0V respectively. After selecting the corresponding parameters, the separation process was numerically simulated, and the separation of three kinds of particles was successfully achieved. This work has laid a certain theoretical foundation for rapid disease diagnosis and real-time monitoring of the environment in practical applications.

scholarly journals Chemical Modification of Combusted Coal Gangue for U(VI) Adsorption: Towards a Waste Control by Waste Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8421
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Jiandong Huang ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Zhongran Dai ◽  
Rongli Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Detailed Structural Analysis ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Uranium mining waste causes serious radiation-related health and environmental problems. This has encouraged efforts toward U(VI) removal with low cost and high efficiency. Typical uranium adsorbents, such as polymers, geopolymers, zeolites, and MOFs, and their associated high costs limit their practical applications. In this regard, this work found that the natural combusted coal gangue (CCG) could be a potential precursor of cheap sorbents to eliminate U(VI). The removal efficiency was modulated by chemical activation under acid and alkaline conditions, obtaining HCG (CCG activated with HCl) and KCG (CCG activated with KOH), respectively. The detailed structural analysis uncovered that those natural mineral substances, including quartz and kaolinite, were the main components in CCG and HCG. One of the key findings was that kalsilite formed in KCG under a mild synthetic condition can conspicuous enhance the affinity towards U(VI). The best equilibrium adsorption capacity with KCG was observed to be 140 mg/g under pH 6 within 120 min, following a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. To understand the improved adsorption performance, an adsorption mechanism was proposed by evaluating the pH of uranyl solutions, adsorbent dosage, as well as contact time. Combining with the structural analysis, this revealed that the uranyl adsorption process was mainly governed by chemisorption. This study gave rise to a utilization approach for CCG to obtain cost-effective adsorbents and paved a novel way towards eliminating uranium by a waste control by waste strategy.

scholarly journals Vacancy tuned thermoelectric properties and high spin filtering performance in graphene/silicene heterostructures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Gholami ◽  
Farhad Khoeini
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Spin ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
External Electric Fields ◽  
Ferromagnetic Exchange ◽  
High Spin Polarization ◽  
Filtering Effect ◽  
Spin Switching ◽  
Spin Filtering

AbstractThe main contribution of this paper is to study the spin caloritronic effects in defected graphene/silicene nanoribbon (GSNR) junctions. Each step-like GSNR is subjected to the ferromagnetic exchange and local external electric fields, and their responses are determined using the nonequilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) approach. To further study the thermoelectric (TE) properties of the GSNRs, three defect arrangements of divacancies (DVs) are also considered for a larger system, and their responses are re-evaluated. The results demonstrate that the defected GSNRs with the DVs can provide an almost perfect thermal spin filtering effect (SFE), and spin switching. A negative differential thermoelectric resistance (NDTR) effect and high spin polarization efficiency (SPE) larger than 99.99% are obtained. The system with the DV defects can show a large spin-dependent Seebeck coefficient, equal to Ss ⁓ 1.2 mV/K, which is relatively large and acceptable. Appropriate thermal and electronic properties of the GSNRs can also be obtained by tuning up the DV orientation in the device region. Accordingly, the step-like GSNRs can be employed to produce high efficiency spin caloritronic devices with various features in practical applications.

scholarly journals Ruthenium Sensitizers and Their Applications in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuancheng Qin ◽  
Qiang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Ruthenium Complexes ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Photovoltaic Energy ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Excellent Stability

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to the possibility of low-cost conversion of photovoltaic energy. The DSSCs-based ruthenium complexes as sensitizers show high efficiency and excellent stability, implying potential practical applications. This review focuses on recent advances in design and preparation of efficient ruthenium sensitizers and their applications in DSSCs, including thiocyanate ruthenium sensitizers and thiocyanate-free ruthenium sensitizers.

High-efficiency CuInSe2 solar cells prepared by the two-stage process

Solar Cells ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent M. Basol ◽  
Vijay K. Kapur ◽  
Richard C. Kullberg
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Stage Process

scholarly journals Development of high efficiency 4 K two-stage pulse tube cryocoolers with split valve unit

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyosuke Nakano ◽  
Mingyao Xu ◽  
Hirokazu Takayama ◽  
Akihiro Tsuchiya ◽  
Motokazu Saito
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pulse Tube ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Valve Unit

scholarly journals Synergistic Interfacial and Doping Engineering of Heterostructured NiCo(OH)x-CoyW as an Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruopeng Li ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Peixia Yang ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electrochemical Etching ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Water Dissociation ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process

AbstractTo achieve high efficiency of water electrolysis to produce hydrogen (H2), developing non-noble metal-based catalysts with considerable performance have been considered as a crucial strategy, which is correlated with both the interphase properties and multi-metal synergistic effects. Herein, as a proof of concept, a delicate NiCo(OH)x-CoyW catalyst with a bush-like heterostructure was realized via gas-template-assisted electrodeposition, followed by an electrochemical etching-growth process, which ensured a high active area and fast gas release kinetics for a superior hydrogen evolution reaction, with an overpotential of 21 and 139 mV at 10 and 500 mA cm−2, respectively. Physical and electrochemical analyses demonstrated that the synergistic effect of the NiCo(OH)x/CoyW heterogeneous interface resulted in favorable electron redistribution and faster electron transfer efficiency. The amorphous NiCo(OH)x strengthened the water dissociation step, and metal phase of CoW provided sufficient sites for moderate H immediate adsorption/H2 desorption. In addition, NiCo(OH)x-CoyW exhibited desirable urea oxidation reaction activity for matching H2 generation with a low voltage of 1.51 V at 50 mA cm−2. More importantly, the synthesis and testing of the NiCo(OH)x-CoyW catalyst in this study were all solar-powered, suggesting a promising environmentally friendly process for practical applications.

scholarly journals Atomic Engineering Bifunctional Niobium (V)-based Heterostructure Nanosheet for High Efficiency Lean-Electrolyte Lithium-Sulfur Full Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haodong Shi ◽  
Jieqiong Qin ◽  
Pengfei Lu ◽  
Cong Dong ◽  
Pratteek Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electrode Structure ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
Redox Kinetics ◽  
Minimum Capacity ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Positive Capacity ◽  
Areal Capacity ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

Abstract High-efficiency lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries depend on advanced electrode structure that can attain high sulfur utilization at lean-electrolyte and limited lithium. Herein, a twinborn holey Nb4N5-Nb2O5 heterostructure is designed as a dual-functional host for both redox-kinetics-accelerated sulfur cathode and dendrite-inhibited Li anode simultaneously for long-cycling and lean-electrolyte Li-S full batteries. Benefiting from the accelerative polysulfides anchoring-diffusion converting efficiency and electronic-conducting properties of Nb4N5-Nb2O5, polysulfide-shutting is significantly alleviated. Meanwhile, the lithiophilic nature of holey Nb4N5-Nb2O5 is applied as ion-redistributor for homogeneous Li-ion deposition. Taking advantage of these merits, the Li-S full batteries present the excellent electrochemical properties, including a minimum capacity decay of 0.025% per cycle, and a high areal-capacity of 5.0 mAh cm− 2 at sulfur loading of 6.9 mg cm− 2, corresponding to negative to positive capacity ratio (2.4:1) and electrolyte to sulfur ratio (5.1 µl mg− 1). Therefore, this work opens a new avenue for boosting high-performances Li-S batteries towards practical applications.

Textile Based Electrodes for Flexible Lithium-Ion Batteries: New updates

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alahmed ◽  
Emel Ceyhun Sabır
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Electrode Structure ◽  
Flexible Electrodes ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
High Production

: The electrodes are the basis for building flexible lithium-ion batteries (FLIBs), and many attempts have been made to develop flexible electrodes with high efficiency in terms of electrical conductivity, chemical and mechanical properties. Most studies showed relatively satisfactory results when testing the electrochemical properties of laboratory-produced electrodes, but most of these electrodes could not meet the expected requirements of flexible electrodes in practical applications. Quantitative production faces many problems that must be overcome, such as the gradual decline in electrochemical performance, deformation of the electrode structure, high production costs, and difficulties in the production process itself. In this research, developments in the production of flexible electrodes, especially those that depend on carbon materials and metal nanoparticles, will be discussed and summarized in this research. The electrochemical performance and stability of the produced flexible electrodes will be compared. The factors contributing to the progress in the production of flexible lithium-ion batteries will also be discussed.

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