scholarly journals Landslide in rocks of Jodhpur Group at Masuria Hill in Jodhpur, Western Rajasthan, India: Its causes and threat to significant Georesources

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Mathur ◽  
Sudhanshu ◽  
Suraj Kumar Singh ◽  
Khichi C.P ◽  
S. C. Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Shear Zone ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Failure Plane ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Malani Igneous Suite ◽  
Siliciclastic Rocks

Abstract The ever first disastrous landslide at Masuria Hill (MH) damaged many houses and properties on 4th October 2019 in surrounding residential colonies of Masuria area in the Jodhpur city, Western Rajasthan India. Present landslide not only created panic among people but also damaged properties and significant georesources which is a serious concern for future. Geologically, MH is represented by rhyolite of Malani igneous suite (MIS) of Cryogenian age which is overlain by siliciclastic rocks of Jodhpur Group (JG) of Ediacaran age of Marwar Supergroup (MSG). Landslide occur in horizontally disposed rocks of Umed Bhawan Formation (UBF) of JG. UBF is divided into 4-18m thick clay dominated soft sediments zone with sheet and release joints at the base. It is followed by 24-72m thick rigid sand zone having orthogonal jointing. This disposition of soft and rigid pattern of sedimentation of UBF is identified as the key horizons responsible for the landslide with shale horizon as the failure plane. Causes of landslide can be explain based on the model of BPSZ (Bedding Parallel Shear Zone). BPSZ is attributed to three main mechanisms: liquefaction, mass wasting and shear stresses that caused the landslide at MH. Study further reveal that residential area surrounding MH and other seven hills having similar geological disposition are under great threat to future landslide in Jodhpur. Paper also embodies characteristics of georesources having educational and cultural values which are under great threat to landslide along with appropriate hazard mitigation measures.

Case study and event analysis for mitigation of unpredictable volcanic hazard

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Ohba
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Volcanic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Risk Communities

Volcanology is an extremely important scientific discipline. Shedding light on how and why volcanoes erupt, how eruptions can be predicted and their impact on humans and the environment is crucial to public safety, economies and businesses. Understanding volcanoes means eruptions can be anticipated and at-risk communities can be forewarned, enabling them to implement mitigation measures. Professor Tsukasa Ohba is a scientist based at the Graduate School of International Resource Studies, Akita University, Japan, and specialises in volcanology and petrology. Ohba and his team are focusing on volcanic phenomena including: phreatic eruptions (a steam-driven eruption driven by the heat from magma interacting with water); lahar (volcanic mudflow); and monogenetic basalt eruptions (which consist of a group of small monogenetic volcanoes, each of which erupts only once). The researchers are working to understand the mechanisms of these phenomena using Petrology. Petrology is one of the traditional methods in volcanology but has not been applied to disastrous eruptions before. The teams research will contribute to volcanic hazard mitigation.

scholarly journals SOCIALIZATION OF FIRE MITIGATION IN DENSELY POPULATED AREA AT JATI SAMPURNA, BEKASI

ICCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 616-617
Author(s):  
Anjas Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Fire Victims ◽  
Fire Mitigation ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The City

During the first quarter of 2019, from January to March 2019 there were 45 fire incidents in the city of Bekasi with losses ranging from Rp. 2,365,000,000 (based on data from the Bekasi City fire dept Service). From 45 events in the city of Bekasi, 3 of them occurred in Jatisampurna sub-district. Based on the type of object 45 events 15 of which are residential houses.With the data above, it can be said that the risk of fire can cause material and immaterial losses and can also cause trauma to fire victims. The importance of knowledge and information on fire hazard mitigation and how mitigation measures against fire hazards need to be conveyed to people who live in densely populated areas where the risk of fire is quite large. Laws or regulations on fire are not yet widely owned by most regions, so there are no special rules that can be covered in relation to fire risk.

scholarly journals Estimating mass-wasting processes in active earth slides – earth flows with time-series of High-Resolution DEMs from photogrammetry and airborne LiDAR

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Corsini ◽  
L. Borgatti ◽  
F. Cervi ◽  
A. Dahne ◽  
F. Ronchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Earth Flows

Abstract. This paper deals with the use of time-series of High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models (HR DEMs) obtained from photogrammetry and airborne LiDAR coupled with aerial photos, to analyse the magnitude of recently reactivated large scale earth slides – earth flows located in the northern Apennines of Italy. The landslides underwent complete reactivation between 2001 and 2006, causing civil protection emergencies. With the final aim to support hazard assessment and the planning of mitigation measures, high-resolution DEMs are used to identify, quantify and visualize depletion and accumulation in the slope resulting from the reactivation of the mass movements. This information allows to quantify mass wasting, i.e. the amount of landslide material that is wasted during reactivation events due to stream erosion along the slope and at its bottom, resulting in sediment discharge into the local fluvial system, and to assess the total volumetric magnitude of the events. By quantifying and visualising elevation changes at the slope scale, results are also a valuable support for the comprehension of geomorphological processes acting behind the evolution of the analysed landslides.

A Systematic Approach for Mitigating Geohazards in Pipeline Design and Construction

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
James V. Hengesh ◽  
Michael Angell ◽  
William R. Lettis ◽  
Jeffery L. Bachhuber
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Geological Hazards ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Investigative Approach ◽  
Pipeline Design ◽  
Design And Construction

Pipeline projects are often faced with the challenge of balancing efficient design and construction with mitigation of potential hazards posed by low probability events, such as earthquakes and landslides. Though systematic characterization of geological hazards is sometimes perceived as an added project expense, failure to recognize and mitigate hazards at an early stage can lead to schedule delays and substantial liability, repair, and business interruption costs. For example, it is estimated that failure of the 660-mm Trans-Ecuador pipeline in the 1987 earthquake cost roughly $850 million in repairs and lost revenue. In order to minimize, mitigate, or avoid geological hazards, pipeline design projects can implement a phased investigative approach to refine route selection and develop parameters for detailed design. These studies provide information on geological conditions that progress from the general to specific and have associated uncertainties that decrease with increasing focus of investigations. A geohazard investigation for a pipeline project should begin with a Phase I “desk-top” study to evaluate regional geological conditions, establish a project specific information system, and make a preliminary assessment of landslide, fault rupture, liquefaction, geotechnical and constructability issues that will need to be considered in later phases of design and construction. Although the results of desk-top studies are limited and have large associated uncertainties, the initial results help to refine route selection and/or identify areas that may require hazard mitigation measures. Phase II investigations include acquisition of detailed corridor specific data such as topography and aerial photography, development of geological strip maps, and assessment of the pipeline corridor by an expert-level Terrain Evaluation Team (TET) with broad knowledge of geo-engineering issues. Assessment of the corridor by the TET results in recommendations for route refinement to avoid hazardous terrain, and identification of areas requiring detailed Phase III investigations. Phase III consists of detailed investigations of critical geohazard features to develop parameters for final design of hazard mitigation measures (e.g. fault crossing design). The geohazard features are characterized to determine permanent ground deformation (PGD) parameters, such as location, geometry, amount and direction of displacement, and recurrence rates. Interaction with the pipeline design team should be continued through all three phases to maximize efficiency and ensure timely integration of results in route selection, refinement and design. Examples provided from projects in Turkey, California, and the Indian Ocean demonstrate the successful implementation of this phased investigative approach to characterizing and mitigating geohazards for both onshore and offshore pipeline projects. Implementation of this approach has resulted in significant project cost savings and reduced risk.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of rainfall-induced landsliding in Wellington fill slopes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bradley Mark Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Shear Zone ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Pore Water Pressures ◽  
Failure Conditions ◽  
Excess Pore

<p>Recent landslides from Wellington fill slopes have occurred as potentially hazardous, mobile debris flow-slides with long runouts during heavy rainstorms. Globally, catastrophic landslides from fill slopes are well documented, and in many instances their rapid failure and long runout suggests that their shear zones may be subject to liquefaction. Various generations of fill slopes throughout Wellington, and urban New Zealand, have been constructed using different practices and at variable scales. Despite this, very few laboratory based studies to determine how different fill slopes may perform during rainstorms have been attempted, as conventional laboratory tests do not adequately simulate the failure conditions in the slope.  This study uses a novel, dynamic back-pressured shear box to conduct rapid shear and specialist pore pressure inflation tests in order to replicate rainfall induced failure conditions in fill slopes with different consolidation histories and particle size characteristics. During each test, excess pore-water pressures and deformation were monitored until failure in order to determine the failure mechanisms operating.  This study demonstrates that the failure mechanisms in fill slopes are strongly influenced by the consolidation history and particle size characteristics of the shear zone materials. In over-consolidated and fine grained (< 0.4 mm) fills where cohesion is present, brittle failure was observed. In these materials, failures occur more rapidly but require much higher pore-water pressures to initiate. Conversely, normally-consolidated fill slopes constructed from coarser material (0.4 - 2 mm) fail through ductile deformation processes, which typically initiate at much lower pore-water pressures but result in a less rapid slope failure. Although liquefaction was not observed, excess pore-water pressures can be generated during rapid shearing, indicating that liquefaction could occur after a landslide has initiated in conditions where excess pore-water pressures are unable to dissipate away from the shear zone. These results provide new insights into the types of failure that may be anticipated from different fill slopes, the hazards they may pose and potential mitigation measures that could be implemented.</p>

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