Psycho-educational interventions focused on maternal or infant sleep for pregnant women to prevent the onset of antenatal and postnatal depression: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsu Sasaki ◽  
Naonori Yasuma ◽  
Erika Obikane ◽  
Zui Narita ◽  
Junpei Sekiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Maternal Mood ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background This systematic review aimed to evaluate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the effect of maternal and infant sleep intervention during women’s pregnancy for the purpose of preventing perinatal depression. Method A systematic search (from inception – January 28 th , 2019) for RCTs using five electronic databases—the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO and Ichushi Web (Japan Medical Abstracts Society)—was conducted. Twelve investigators independently conducted initial screenings based on title and abstract, and then two researchers performed full-text reviews one by one. A meta-analysis would be conducted if at least three studies were found. However, only two articles that met inclusion criteria, and narrative data synthesis was conducted for these two articles. The study protocol has been registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019119999). Result A total of 13,644 studies were initially searched. After removing duplicates, 10,537 studies were screened, and finally, two studies met the inclusion criteria. In both studies, the intervention was a one-time face-to-face session during pregnancy to deliver the behavioral knowledge and skills for optimizing sleep hygiene for both infant and mother. Effectiveness of the intervention in improving maternal mood was not significant in one study. In the other, there was a significant difference in maternal mood between the intervention and control group. No mood comparison was made between baseline and post-intervention. Conclusion This study found limited evidence to support the effectiveness of sleep intervention for all pregnant women, which means “universal intervention”, to protect maternal mental health. Further well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Relationship between Micronutrients and Gestational Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farideh Akhlaghi ◽  
Seyyed Majid Bagheri ◽  
Omid Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micronutrient Concentration ◽  
And Control

In this paper, we studied the relation between the micronutrient and gestational diabetes. Therefore, we measured micronutrient concentration including Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se in serum of women with gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational age (study group) who had inclusion criteria and comparison with micronutrient levels in normal pregnant women with same gestational age (control group). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the serum micronutrient level (Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu, Se) in study and control groups except serum level of iron which in serum of gestational diabetic women was lower than normal pregnant women and difference was significant.

Evidence for the Use of Tranexamic Acid in Subarachnoid and Subdural Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (07) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorkil Anker-Møller ◽  
Anne Troldborg ◽  
Niels Sunde ◽  
Anne-Mette Hvas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractDespite neurosurgical treatment, a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can cause a debilitating stroke. The case fatality rate ranges from 27 to 44%, and many survivors are left permanently disabled; therefore, the need for improved treatment is obvious. Furthermore, subdural hemorrhages (SDHs) have a cumulative recurrence rate of 14% in the first year and are potentially fatal. The aim of this systematic review is to assess and discuss the evidence for the role of tranexamic acid (TXA) in treatment of SAH and SDH. Systematic literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science (1946–2016). The inclusion criteria were TXA-treated group and control group; SAH or SDH verified by imaging, intraoperatively or at autopsy; human subjects; English; and an objective outcome. The search terms matched 443 records. Eight studies including nontraumatic SAH patients and one study including traumatic intracranial bleeding met the inclusion criteria. Comparing TXA-treated nontraumatic patients with controls, we found an overall odds ratio (OR) for rebleeding of 0.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.64), six studies reported the mortality rate with an overall OR of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.68–1.12), four studies reported no statistically significant difference on the Glasgow Outcome Scale, and one study showed a statistically significant increased risk of cerebral ischemia, whereas seven studies found no statistically significant difference. No studies including SDH patients met the inclusion criteria. TXA reduced the overall risk of rebleeding following nontraumatic SAH. A nonsignificant reduction in mortality was demonstrated in nontraumatic SAH without substantial indication of increased risk of ischemic lesions.

scholarly journals Urinary Nephrin and Podocalyxin Levels as Predictors of Pre-eclampsia in High-Risk Pregnant Women

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-957
Author(s):  
Irena Kostovska ◽  
Katerina Tosheska Trajkovska ◽  
Ognen Kostovski ◽  
Danica Labudovic
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is characterized by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria. Damage of podocyte cells has been reported in pre-eclamptic women, thus podocyte specific proteins such as nephrin and podocalyxin could be useful biomarkers in PE. Aim: To investigate the role of urinary nephrin (u-nephrin) and urinary podocalyxin (u-PDX) levels in predicting PE in women with a high-risk pregnancy. Materials and methods: We included 101 pregnant women in this study and allocated them into three groups: group 1 included pregnant women at high risk of developing PE (n=41), group 2 - pregnant women with PE (n=30), and group 3 was the controls including healthy pregnant women (n=30). The inclusion criteria for women with PE were de novo hypertension >140/90 mm Hg, proteinuria >300 mg/24 hours, and presence of edema after 20 weeks of gestation, while the exclusion criteria were a history of renal diseases and pregnant women younger than 18. Inclusion criteria for the group of women with a high-risk pregnancy was gestational week >15, a history of PE in a previous pregnancy, pre-existing diabetes type 1 or 2, pre-existing hypertension, multiple gestations, prior placental abruption, obesity women, nulliparity, maternal age >35 years, and a family history of PE. The study was conducted from March 2016 to May 2017 in the Medical Faculty at the Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry in Skopje. Urine samples were used to measure the nephrin and podocalyxin levels using immunoenzyme assay, creatinine and microalbumin. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses. Results: U-nephrin levels were elevated in 96.7% of women with PE, and 73% of women with a high-risk pregnancy. U-PDX levels were elevated in 63% of the women with PE and 100% of the women with a high-risk pregnancy. U-nephrin and u-PDX levels were significantly increased in women with a high-risk pregnancy and women with PE compared with a control group (p<0.001). A significant difference was found between the subgroups of pregnant women classified according to gestational age in their u-nephrin and u-PDX levels. There was a significant positive correlation between the levels of both markers and glomerular filtration rate, and significant negative correlation between the levels of both markers and gestational age. ROC analysis revealed that the cut-off value of 304.6 ng/ml of u-nephrin had a sensitivity (Se) of 96.7%, specificity (Sp) of 96.7% (for both Se and Sp 95% confidence interval (CI) 82.8-99.9), while the cut-off value of 59.5 ng/ml of u-PDX had a sensitivity of 100% and Sp of 93.3% (Se - 95% CI 88.4-100, Sp - 95% CI 77.9-99.2), in distinguishing women with PE and healthy pregnancies. Both markers showed excellent clinical utility (CUI&ge;0.81), for u-nephrin (CUI+ and CUI&minus; is 0.934), for u-PDX (CUI+ is 0.938; CUI&minus; is 0.933). Conclusions: U-nephrin and U-PDX levels could be useful as predictors of PE in women with a high-risk pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a health education intervention on the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets for the prevention of malaria in pregnant women of Pakistan: a quasi-experimental study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Midhat Farzeen ◽  
Assad Hafeez ◽  
Baseer Khan Achakzai ◽  
Muskan Vankwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background About one quarter of pregnant women in the population of Pakistan are using long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) for prevention of malaria. Past research reported that adequate information and education would act as mediator to change behaviour among patients for prevention of malaria infection. The effective use of LLINs would contribute to reduction of disease burden caused by malaria. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of health education on the adoption of LLINs among pregnant women living in Tharparkar, a remote district in Sindh Province, Pakistan.Methods A quasi-experimental study design with control and intervention groups was conducted with 200 pregnant women (100 in each group). Women in the intervention group were provided with health education sessions on malaria for 12 weeks, while those in the control group obtained routine information from lady health workers (LHWs). Pre- and post-intervention assessment was done of knowledge about malaria and use of LLIN, which was statistically analysed using descriptive statistics and difference in difference (DID) multivariable regression analysis to test effectiveness of the intervention.Results Baseline was conducted with 200 pregnant women. Demographic characteristics were similar in both groups with slight differences in age, education, income, type of latrine, and source of drinking water. There were no significant differences between mean knowledge and use of LLINs scores between groups at baseline. However, the estimated DID value after the intervention was 4.170 (p <0.01) and represents an increase in scores of knowledge in the intervention group compared to control. Similarly DID value of 3.360 (p <0.05) showed an increase in use of LLINs score after the intervention which was significant, showing that the intervention had a positive effect.Conclusions Results proved that health education could be an effective intervention for improving knowledge and usage of LLINs among pregnant women for the prevention of malaria. Such educational interventions have a positive potential to be implemented at larger scale by incorporating them into routine health sessions provided by health workers.

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Safian ◽  
Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽  
Shiva Borzouei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

scholarly journals Effect of “Spatially Separated Speech in Noise Training” on speech perception in noise in children with bimodal fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Lotfi ◽  
Mahdieh Hasanalifard ◽  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Enayatollah Bakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Ajalloueyan
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recognition Ability

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training on the ability of speech perception in noise among bimodal fitting users. The assumption was that the rehabilitation can enhance spatial hearing and hence speech in noise perception. This study was an interventional study, with a pre/post-design. Speech recognition ability was assessed with the specific tests. After performing the rehabilitation stages in the intervention group, the speech tests were again implemented, and by comparing the pre- and post-intervention data, the effect of auditory training on the speech abilities was assessed. Twenty-four children of 8–12 years who had undergone cochlear implantation and continuously used bimodal fitting were investigated in two groups of control and intervention. Results The results showed a significant difference between the groups in different speech tests after the intervention, which indicated that the intervention group have improved more than the control group. Conclusion It can be concluded that “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training can improve the speech perception in noise in bimodal fitting users. In general, this rehabilitation method is useful for enhancing the speech in noise perception ability.

Effect of Focusing on Maryam’s Flower During the First Stage of the Labor on the Labor Pain, Labor Duration, and Levels of Comfort and Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098491
Author(s):  
Hülya Türkmen ◽  
Serap Çetinkaya ◽  
Hafize Kiliç ◽  
Emine Apay ◽  
Devrim Karamüftüoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Labor Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Comfort

This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with an intervention group ( n = 61) and a control group ( n = 63) consisting of primipara pregnant women. The pregnant women in the intervention group were asked to focus their attention on Maryam’s flower opening its leaf buds and imagine the labor’s progress during the course of their labor. The VAS was administered to each group at specific times (at 4–5 cm, 6–7 cm, 8–9 cm cervical dilatation) to determine their level of labor pain. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups’ mean pain scores at 4–5 cm, 6–7 cm, and 8–9 cm cervical dilatation ( p < .05). The labor duration of the pregnant women in the intervention group was significantly shorter than that of the pregnant women in the control group ( p = .017). The physical comfort level of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 8–9 cm cervical dilatation ( p = .039).

scholarly journals Effects of a randomized controlled trial of a brief, student-nurse led, parent-based sexual health intervention on parental protective factors and HPV vaccination uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Santa Maria ◽  
C. Markham ◽  
S. M. Misra ◽  
D. C. Coleman ◽  
M. Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sexual Health Communication ◽  
Parent Child

Abstract Background Parents play a pivotal role in adolescent sexual health and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Nurses are on the frontlines of healthcare and play a critical role in promoting HPV vaccination and parent-child sexual health communication. We enhanced the Families Talking Together (FTT) parent-based sexual health curriculum to include adolescent vaccinations herein, FTT + HPV, and trained student nurses to provide a strong HPV vaccination and parent-child sexual health communication endorsement. Methods Using a randomized attention-controlled trial design, we examined the efficacy of FTT + HPV among 519 parents and their 11–14 year old youth recruited from medically underserved communities between 2015 and 2018. Participants were recruited from 22 after-school programs (e.g., Boys and Girls Clubs) and 19 charter schools. For parents, we examined protective factors including parent-child sexual health communication and parental involvement. For youth, we examined sexual health knowledge, parent-child sexual health communication, and parent-child connectedness. To assess HPV vaccination initiation and completion, we searched IMMTRAC immunization registry records for 85% of youth and used parental report for youth without registry records. Group differences were calculated using the estimated mean difference at one- and six months post-intervention with significance set at the p < 0.05 level. Results Baseline rates of HPV vaccination were low at 55.7%. No significant difference between the groups was seen in vaccination initiation or completion rates by one-month post-intervention. However, by six-months post intervention, there was a significant difference between the groups with 70.3% of the intervention group initiating the HPV vaccination series vs. 60.6% for the control group (p = 0.02). No difference between the groups was found for HPV series completion at six-months. There were significant differences in condom knowledge (p = 0.04), parent-child connectedness (p = 0.04), and communication frequency (p = 0.001) with greater improvement in the intervention vs. the control group. Rates of sexual activity remained low in both groups throughout the six-month follow-up period. Conclusion A brief parent-based adolescent sexual health and HPV vaccination intervention delivered by student nurses can improve sexual health outcomes including protective parental factors, adolescent sexual health knowledge, and HPV vaccination initiation rates. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02600884. Prospectively registered September 1, 2015.

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