scholarly journals A Vein-Viewing Application Enabled Detecting Abdominal Wall Varices Related to the Presence of Non-Treated Gastroesophageal Varices: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Hoshino ◽  
Takaaki Sugihara ◽  
Suguru Ikeda ◽  
Yukako Matsuki ◽  
Takakazu Nagahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastroesophageal Varices ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Gastroesophageal varices (GOV) are a life-threatening complication in chronic liver disease. A method for non-invasively predicting GOV is crucial for management. This study aimed to determine whether a vein-viewing application can detect abdominal wall varices (AWV) and elucidate the relationship between AWV and GOV. Methods One-hundred patients with chronic liver diseases were prospectively enrolled. All the patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy within three months of the enrollment. Unmanipulated images (UI) and Vein-weighted images (VWI) were taken for assessing AWV by a vein-viewing application on iPhone. Two doctors independently evaluated both image types. We defined the grading of both UI and AWV as grade 0 (non-detectable), grade 1 (slightly detectable), and grade 2 (distinct). Results The causes of liver diseases among the 71 men and 29 women (median age, 70.5 year) included Hepatitis B (n = 19), Hepatitis C (n = 21), alcoholism (n = 3), primary biliary cholangitis (n = 4), autoimmune hepatitis (n = 4) and others (n = 20). GOV were indicated in 60 patients, and half of them had not been treated previously (non-treated). VWI could significantly visualize AWV than UI (24% vs 72%, p = 0.0005). The presence of cirrhosis (chronic hepatitis vs cirrhosis = 64.6% vs 91.4%, p = 0.004) and GOV (52.3% vs 74.3%, p = 0.032) were significantly higher in the VWI-AWV grade 2 group. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that VWI-AWV grade 2 was an independent factor related to the presence of non-treated GOV [OR = 2.97 (1.17–7.53), p = 0.022]. Conclusions The vein-viewing application non-invasively detected AWV related to the presence of cirrhosis and GOV, and VWI-AWV grade 2 was an independent factor related to the presence of non-treated GOV.

scholarly journals A vein-viewing application enabled detecting abdominal wall varices related to the presence of non-treated gastroesophageal varices: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Hoshino ◽  
Takaaki Sugihara ◽  
Suguru Ikeda ◽  
Yukako Matsuki ◽  
Takakazu Nagahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastroesophageal Varices ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Gastroesophageal varices (GOV) are a life-threatening complication in chronic liver disease. A method for non-invasively predicting GOV is crucial for management. This study aimed to determine whether a vein-viewing application can detect abdominal wall varices (AWV) and elucidate the relationship between AWV and GOV. Methods One-hundred patients with chronic liver diseases were prospectively enrolled. All the patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy within three months of the enrollment. Unmanipulated images (UI) and vein-weighted images (VWI) were taken for assessing AWV by a vein-viewing application on iPhone. Two doctors independently evaluated both image types. We defined the grading of both UI and AWV as grade 0 (non-detectable), grade 1 (slightly detectable), and grade 2 (distinct). Results The causes of liver diseases among the 71 men and 29 women (median age, 70.5 yr) included Hepatitis B (n = 19), Hepatitis C (n = 21), alcoholism (n = 33), primary biliary cholangitis (n = 3), autoimmune hepatitis (n = 4) and others (n = 20). GOV was indicated in 60 patients, and half of them had not been treated previously (non-treated). VWI could significantly visualize AWV than UI (72% vs. 24%, p = 0.0005). The presence of cirrhosis (chronic hepatitis vs. cirrhosis = 64.6% vs. 91.4%, p = 0.004) and GOV (52.3% vs. 74.3%, p = 0.032) were significantly higher in the VWI-AWV grade 2 group. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that VWI-AWV grade 2 was an independent factor related to the presence of non-treated GOV [OR = 3.05 (1.24–7.53), p = 0.016]. Conclusions The vein-viewing application non-invasively detected AWV related to the presence of cirrhosis and GOV, and VWI-AWV grade 2 was an independent factor related to the presence of non-treated GOV.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Anger, Sleep Quality, and Indoor Activities During COVID-19 Quarantine

2022 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Mani ◽  
Mehdi Pasalar ◽  
Mahsa Kamali ◽  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
AliReza Estedlal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening disease that has spread globally and received international concern. Iran is one of the countries severely affected by this pandemic, implementing social lockdown and restrictive strategies. According to Persian medicine, restrictions like quarantine have psychological and social consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and anger behaviors in Iran and compare it with Persian medicine viewpoints. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 739 participants were interviewed in April 2020 in Shiraz, Iran. The questionnaire included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Multidimensional Anger Inventory (MAI), and items on demographics, temperament, and the quarantine situation social factors. All participants completed the questionnaires willingly and were ensured of data confidentiality. Results: We found that 58.3% of the participants had low sleep quality. Females showed higher scores on anger and its related aspects (P < 0.05). In addition, people with lower education and income levels revealed higher anger scores (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean scores of anger and its related factors were higher in participants with low sleep quality, higher sleep latency, daytime dysfunction, and experience of using sleep medications (P < 0.05). Also, after adjustment for demographics and other social factors, the mean scores of anger and all of its aspects were higher in those with a sleep disorder, use of sleep medications, and daytime dysfunction (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings illustrated that various factors, including low sleep quality, are associated with anger in individuals with the experience of home quarantine during the COVID-19 outbreak. The outcome is compatible with Persian medicine evidence.

scholarly journals The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and liver enzymes in healthy adults: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-nian Wang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Liang-yun Li ◽  
Qi Yan ◽  
Pan-pan Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Studies have shown that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a product of exogenous vitamin D, plays an influential role in calcium and phosphorus balance, anti-inflammation, and cardiovascular protection. There were long-standing interests in the potential benefits of vitamin D for preventing liver diseases. Investigations showed that 25(OH)D was increased in adolescents with abnormal liver function. Yet data about the relationship of 25(OH)D concentration and liver enzymes from prospective cross-sectional study was limited. The present study is undertaken to examine whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ，glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were closely related. Methods: The cross-sectional study of 368 healthy volunteers with no history of liver diseases was used to examine risk factors. The associations between ALT, G and ALP and 25(OH)D were assessed by Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation, respectively. Linear regression analysis was carried out in different models with ALT, GGT and ALP as dependent variables. Results: The results found no significant difference between ALT and ALP in different vitamin D groups (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L、25-50 nmol/L and > 50 nmol/L) ( Kruskal-Wallis test, all p > 0.05 ). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that there were no significant association between ALT, GGT and ALP levels and 25(OH)D concentration, respectively, after adjusting covariates including age, BMI, sex, BuN, Cr, UA, AST, Ghb, ALB, WBC, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, cholesterol, and total protein. (All p > 0.1). Conclusion: This study suggested that there was no association between the 25(OH)D concentration and the levels of ALT, GGT or ALP in normal population.

scholarly journals The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and liver enzymes in healthy adults: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-nian Wang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Hua-qing Hu ◽  
Qi Yan ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Studies have shown that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a product of exogenous vitamin D, plays an influential role in calcium and phosphorus balance, anti-inflammation, and cardiovascular protection. There were long-standing interests in the potential benefits of vitamin D for preventing liver diseases. Investigations showed that 25(OH)D was increased in adolescents with abnormal liver function. Yet data about the relationship of 25(OH)D concentration and liver enzymes from prospective cross-sectional study was limited. The present study is undertaken to examine whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were closely related. Methods The cross-sectional study of 368 healthy volunteers with no history of liver diseases was used to examine risk factors. Pearson correlation (or Spearman correlation for skewed variables) was performed to assess associations between GGT, ALT, and ALP and 25(OH)D. Linear regression analysis was conducted with GGT, ALT, and ALP as dependent variables in separate models. Results The results found no significant difference between ALT and ALP in different vitamin D groups (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L、25-50 nmol/L and > 50 nmol/L) (Kruskal-Wallis test, all p > 0.05). In multiple linear regression analysis, GGT, ALT and ALP levels remained unrelated to 25(OH)D concentration after adjusting covariates including age, BMI, sex, BuN, Cr, UA, AST, Ghb, ALB, WBC, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, cholesterol, and total protein. (All p > 0.1). Conclusion This study suggested that there was no association between the 25(OH)D concentration and the levels of GGT, ALT or ALP in normal population.

scholarly journals Ileal Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Overgrowth Associated with Diagnosis and Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cholangitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shogo Kitahata ◽  
Yasunori Yamamoto ◽  
Osamu Yoshida ◽  
Yoshio Tokumoto ◽  
Tomoe Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Ileal Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pathological Development ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Chronic Nonsuppurative Destructive Cholangitis ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The gut microbiota has potential implications in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, little is known about the significance of small intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) in PBC. We aimed to investigate the ileal MAM profile and identify its association with liver pathology in patients with PBC. Methods Forty-three patients with PBC and 24 healthy controls who underwent colonoscopy at our hospital between March 2018 and January 2020 were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of MAM samples obtained from the mucosa of the terminal ileum of all subjects. We also examined the relationship between the abundance of ileal MAM and chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis using liver specimens from patients with PBC. Results Dysbiosis of ileal MAM was observed in patients with PBC, with a characteristic overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas. Multivariate analysis showed that the overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas is an independent association factor for PBC. Moreover, the abundance of Sphingomonadaceae was associated with chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis in PBC. Conclusions Overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas in ileal MAM is an independent association factor for diagnosing PBC. Sphingomonadaceae may be particularly associated with the pathological development of PBC.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN AND PHYSICAL FACTORS IN COLLEGIATE POLE VAULTERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-547
Author(s):  
Shota Enoki ◽  
Rieko Kuramochi ◽  
Yuki Murata ◽  
Gaku Tokutake ◽  
Takuya Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship
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