scholarly journals Compounding Impacts of Hazard Exposures on Mental Health in Houston, TX

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garett Sansom ◽  
Courtney Thompson ◽  
Lindsay Sansom ◽  
Leanne Fawkes ◽  
Elizabeth Boerlin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metropolitan Statistical Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Repeat Exposure

Abstract Purpose Natural and anthropogenic hazards are increasingly becoming commonplace due to climate change and population pressures. The state of Texas is particularly vulnerable to these hazards and is ranked first in the United States due to the immense variety and frequency of large-scale events. While much research has looked at the immediate impacts these incidents have on mental health, little research has addressed the effects of compounding and repeated exposure to hazards. Methods This cross-sectional study (N = 1,224) collected survey data from a representative sample within the Houston Metropolitan Statistical Area. Utilizing the 12 item Short Form Health Survey version 2 a general composite score assessing mental health was compared against the type and frequency of hazard exposures. Results Findings revealed an observed reduction in mental health scores as participants had repeated exposures to major disasters. Further, the only significant result (P < 0.001) in dictating a reduced mental health scores was repeat exposure to hazards even after adjusting for demographic data and socioeconomic variables. Conclusion This research reveals the long-term mental impact hazard exposures can have and underscores the need for target public health interventions and engaged community efforts.

Demoralization in End-of-Life Cancer Patients’ Family Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912110234
Author(s):  
Andrea Bovero ◽  
Ludovica Panzini Vitiello ◽  
Rossana Botto ◽  
Francesco Gottardo ◽  
Alessandra Cito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Time ◽  
Sf 36

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of demoralization in a sample of end-of-life cancer patients’ family caregivers and investigate the association between demoralization and different factors, such as distress, hope, quality of life, and caregiver burden. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design and 142 participants were sampled. Family caregivers were included if they were caring for a cancer patient in palliative care with a limited life expectancy. Socio-demographic data were gathered, and Italian versions of the following scales were administered: Demoralization Scale (DS), Herth Hope Index (HHI), Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA), Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), and Distress Thermometer (DT). Results: The average total demoralization score was 29.04 (SD = 13.62). 19.50% of caregivers was the low scorers at DS (0-25th percentile), 27.50% was the middle scorers (25th-75th percentile), and 39.00% was the high scorers (75th-100 percentile). 19.50% of the caregivers showed mild demoralization, 27.50% moderate demoralization, and 39.00% showed severe demoralization. Strong Moderate correlations were found between the total DS score and the Temporality and Future HHI subscale (ρ = .520); the HHI total score (ρ = .528); the Social functioning (ρ = .536) and Mental health (ρ = .675) SF-36 subscales. The HHI total score and the Mental health SF-36 subscale emerged as the main predictors of demoralization. Conclusions: The results show that not only end-of-life patients but also family caregivers may experience demoralization. This demoralization seems to be more associated to spiritual and psychological suffering rather than difficulties relating to caregivers’ personal time, social roles, physical states, and financial resources.

scholarly journals Discrimination and Health: The Mediating Effect of Acculturative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5312
Author(s):  
Alfonso Urzúa ◽  
Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar ◽  
Diego Henríquez ◽  
David R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional

There is not much evidence on the effects of south–south migration and its consequences on physical and mental health. Our objective was to examine the mediating role of Acculturative Stress in the association between ethnic discrimination and racial discrimination with physical and mental health. This research is a non-experimental, analytical, cross-sectional study. A total of 976 adult Colombian migrants living in Chile were interviewed. We used the Everyday Discrimination Scale, the acculturative stress scale, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-12) for health status; we found that racial and ethnic discrimination had a negative effect on physical and mental health. In the simultaneous presence of both types of discrimination, racial discrimination was completely absorbed by ethnic discrimination, the latter becoming a total mediator of the effect of racial discrimination on mental and physical health. Our findings are consistent with the literature, which suggests that there are various types of discrimination which, individually or in their intersectionality, can have negative effects on health.

scholarly journals Attitude toward Aging Mediates the Relationship between Personality and Mental Health in Older Adults

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Teshome Sirak Bedaso ◽  
Buxin Han
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Mediator ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to examine attitude toward aging as a potential mediator of the relationship between personality factors and mental health in terms of depression and life satisfaction among older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 438 Ethiopian elderly individuals aged 60 to 69. The results of the regression-based path analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic data, the relationship between agreeableness and depression in older adults was partially mediated by attitude toward aging. Likewise, attitude toward physical change due to aging and psychological growth subscales jointly mediated the correlation between neuroticism and depression. However, a significant direct path between neuroticism and depression persisted. On the contrary, openness had no significant direct association with depression apart from an indirect through psychosocial loss. The link between life satisfaction and agreeableness as well as openness to experience were partially mediated by psychosocial loss. Therefore, a person’s attitude toward aging and personality characteristics should be taken into consideration while designing interventions for managing mental health issues among older adults.

scholarly journals Study of psychiatric morbidity of patients attending free mental health check up camp, Simara, Bara district of Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
CP Sedain
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Community Mental Health Clinics

Introduction: Maryknoll Nepal has been running community mental health clinics different part of the country. The aim of the study was to find out psychiatric morbidity of patients attending Maryknoll free check up clinic Simara, Bara district of Nepal. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study comprised of all consecutive patients attending Maryknoll free check up clinic Simara, Bara district, Nepal. All the patients attending the free clinics were taken as cases. The study was conducted in January 2009. Demographic data and disease profile of 87 patients attending the clinic were analyzed. The ratios and proportions were used for statistical analysis. Results: Data from Simara free mental health clinic shows that the male to female ratio was 0.55:0.44.The age group 30-39(N-25, 28.74%) followed by age group 20-29 (N-19, 21.84%) was the commonest. The farmer were (N-49, 56.31 %) the most common visitor. The highest number of cases were depressive disorder (N-16, 18.93 %) followed by mania/BPAD (N-14, 16.09 %) and Schizophrenia (N-12, 13.73 %). Conclusion: The commonest incidence of psychiatric illness attending the free clinic is depressive disorder and mania/BPAD. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i1.8572 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .2, No.1, 2013 30-34

scholarly journals Identifying the Most Common CrossFit Injuries in a Variety of Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 117957271989706
Author(s):  
Kirill Alekseyev ◽  
Alex John ◽  
Andrew Malek ◽  
Malcolm Lakdawala ◽  
Nikhil Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Expertise Level ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: CrossFit is an increasingly popular, rapidly growing exercise regimen. Few studies have evaluated CrossFit-associated musculoskeletal injuries on a large scale. This study explores such injuries and associated risk factors in detail. Objective: To identify the most common musculoskeletal injuries endured during CrossFit training among athletes at different levels of expertise. Design: Survey-based retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Distribution at CrossFit gyms in the United States and internationally. Also published on active online forums. Participants: A total of 885 former and current CrossFit athletes. Methods: Institutional review board-approved 33-question Web-based survey focused on CrossFit injuries and associated risk factors. Survey submissions were accepted for a period of 6 months. Main outcome measurements: Specific injuries with associated workouts, risk factors that affected injury including (1) basic demographics, (2) regional differences in reported injuries, (3) training intensity, and (4) expertise level at time of injury. Results: Of the 885 respondents, 295 (33.3%) were injured. The most common injuries involved the back (95/295, 32.2%) and shoulder (61/295, 20.7%). The most common exercises that caused injury were squats (65/295, 22.0%) and deadlifts (53/295, 18.0%). Advanced-level (64/295, 21.7%) athletes were more significantly injured than beginner-level (40/295, 13.6%) athletes. International participants were 2.2 times more likely than domestic US participants to suffer injury. Individuals with 3+ years of CrossFit experience were 3.3 times more likely to be injured than those with 2 or less years of experience. Participants who trained for 11+ h/week were significantly more likely to be injured than those who trained less than or equal to 10 h/week. Conclusions: As CrossFit becomes more popular, it is important to monitor the safety of its practitioners. Further studies are needed to explore how to lower this injury prevalence of 33.3%. Areas to focus on include factors that have caused the regional (international vs US states) differences, level of expertise/experience differences (advanced level vs intermediate and beginner levels), and stretching routine modifications.

Association of shift work with depression and anxiety in middle-aged adults: a large cross-sectional study among Iranian industrial manufacturing employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Zeinab Alizadeh ◽  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This study aimed to examine the association of shift work with depression and anxiety in a large sample of formal and contractual employees of a mill steel company, Isfahan, Iran. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was performed in 2014 among 3,060 formal and contractual employees of a mill steel company Isfahan, Iran, randomly selected from 16,000 people. Data gathering was done by some validated Iranian version of self-administered questionnaires including, International Physical Activity – Short Form, Effort–Reward Imbalance, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used as the main statistical method. Findings The results showed individuals in the rotating shift compared with day shift had a higher risk of depression (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.12–1.84). Whereas after adjustment for various confounders, this relationship was not significant (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.81–1.76). Anxiety was not associated with shift work, both in crude and adjusted models (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.81–1.44) and (OR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.67–1.19), respectively. Research limitations/implications Owing to the cross-sectional design of this study, cause–effect relationships could not be inferred from our findings. All the data used in the present analysis were collected by self-administered questionnaires. Practical implications Although our findings did not show significant association between shift work and mental health, further studies are suggested for obtaining informative data worldwide in this regard among workforce particularly among industrial employees. Originality/value Few studies have addressed the effects of shift work on mental health among industrial employees worldwide, and there is no study in developing countries.

scholarly journals Resiliency and mental health of school teachers in Okinawa

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ratanasiripong ◽  
Takashi China ◽  
Nop T Ratanasiripong ◽  
Shiho Toyama
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the mental health issues among teachers globally and to investigate the significant factors that specifically impact the mental health of school teachers in Okinawa, Japan.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study examined depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem and resiliency among 174 teachers from seven schools in Okinawa, Japan. The study questionnaire consisted of four parts, including demographic data, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale (DASS-42), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), and Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale (CD-RISC). Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of mental health variables.FindingsOf the 174 teachers, 111 were females (64%) and 60 were males (35%). Average age of participants was 41.65 (SD = 10.07). Average number of years being a teacher was 15.50 (SD = 9.88). There was a significant gender difference in the level of self-esteem. Significant differences in anxiety were found among varying grade levels taught. Regression analyses indicated that resiliency and self-esteem significantly predicted depression, anxiety and stress among school teachers in Okinawa.Originality/valueThis is the first study among school teachers in Okinawa that examined the impact of resiliency and self-esteem on their mental health. To reduce psychological distress common within the teaching profession, social and environmental support should be provided within the school to better foster the successful promotion of teacher resiliency and self-esteem.

Mental Well-Being and Its Associated Factors Among Myanmar Migrant Workers in Penang, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mila Nu Nu Htay ◽  
Swe Swe Latt ◽  
Khine Sandar Maung ◽  
Wai Wai Myint ◽  
Soe Moe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Mental Well Being

International migration has become a global phenomenon bringing with it complex and interrelated issues related to the physical and mental well-being of the people involved. This study investigated the mental well-being and factors associated with mental health among Myanmar migrant workers (MMW) in Malaysia. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Penang, Malaysia by using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index Scale (WHO-5) and the Mental Health subscale of 36 items in the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Among 192 migrant workers who were understudied, 79.2% had poor mental well-being according to the WHO-5 scale. The duration of stay in Malaysia and without receiving financial aid from their employers despite having a physical illness were significantly associated with poor mental well-being. Mental health support groups should target migrant workers for mental health education and find ways to provide assistance for them. Furthermore, premigration training should be delivered at the country of origin that also provides information on the availability of mental health support in the host country.

scholarly journals Increased Psychopathology and Maladaptive Personality Traits, But Normal Cognitive Functioning, In Patients after Long-Term Cure of Acromegaly

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-779
Author(s):  
Jitske Tiemensma ◽  
Nienke R. Biermasz ◽  
Roos C. van der Mast ◽  
Moniek J. E. Wassenaar ◽  
Huub A. M. Middelkoop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Irreversible Effects

ABSTRACT Objective Active acromegaly is associated with psychopathology, personality changes, and cognitive dysfunction. It is unknown whether, and to what extent, these effects are present after long-term cure of acromegaly. Aim The aim of the study was to assess psychopathology, personality traits, and cognitive function in patients after long-term cure of acromegaly. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Patients and Methods We studied 68 patients after long-term cure (13 ± 1 yr) of acromegaly and 68 matched controls. We compared these data with 60 patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMAs) and 60 matched controls. Psychopathology was assessed using the Apathy Scale, Irritability Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire short-form and personality by the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology short-form (DAPP). Cognitive function was assessed by 11 tests. Results Compared with matched controls, patients cured from acromegaly scored significantly worse on virtually all psychopathology questionnaires and on several subscales of the DAPP. Compared with NFMA patients, patients cured from acromegaly scored worse on negative affect (P = 0.050) and somatic arousal (P = 0.009) and seven of 18 subscales of the DAPP (P &lt; 0.05). Cognitive function in patients cured from acromegaly did not differ from matched controls or patients treated for NFMA. Conclusion Patients with long-term cure of acromegaly show a higher prevalence of psychopathology and maladaptive personality traits but not cognitive dysfunction, compared with matched controls and patients treated for NFMA. These results suggest irreversible effects of previous GH excess, rather than effects of pituitary adenomas per se and/or their treatment, on the central nervous system.

Employment Attitudes and Mental Health of Long-term Unemployed People with Disabilities: Implications for Rehabilitation Counselors

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Pernice
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
High Distress

Employment attitudes and mental health of long-term unemployed people with disabilities were investigated in a cross sectional study. During an interview, people selected themselves into four employment attitude groups, those who wanted employment (28%), those who were not able to work (35%), those who had alternatives to employment (30%) and those who were interested in training (7%). Mental health was assessed by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). The results indicated that mental health was low with high distress and low self-esteem scores evident in the four groups. Implications for rehabilitation counselors are discussed.

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