scholarly journals Fish species transshipped at sea (Saiko fish) in Ghana with a note on implications for marine conservation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Worlanyo Aheto ◽  
Isaac Okyere ◽  
Noble Kwame Asare ◽  
Jennifer Eshilley ◽  
Justice Odoiquaye Odoi
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Fish Samples

Abstract Increasing global seafood demand over the last couple of decades has resulted in overexploitation of certain fish species by both industrial and small-scale artisanal fishers. This phenomenon has threatened the livelihoods and food security of small-scale fishing communities especially in the West African sub-region. In Ghana, fish transshipment (locally referred to as saiko) has been catalogued as one more negative practice that is exacerbating an already dire situation. The goal of this study was to characterise transshipped fish species landed in Ghana on the basis of composition, habitat of origin, maturity and conservation status on the IUCN list of threatened species to enhance understanding of the ecological implications of the practice and inform regulatory enforcement and policy formulation. Using identification manuals, morphometric and gravimetric analyses among others, data on saiko fish samples landed at Elmina in the Central Region of Ghana were collected at bi-weekly intervals between November 2016 and June 2017. A total of sixty-eight (68) fish species from 44 families comprising finfish and shellfish of pelagic, demersal, benthopelagic, and reef-associated fishes were identified. The round scad (Decapterus punctatus), the mackerel scad (Caranx rhonchus), the round sardine (Sardinella aurita) and the red pandora (Pagellus bellottii) were the numerically dominant species recorded. By habitat classification, 44 species (65%) were demersals while 6 species (9%) were pelagic and 6 species (9%) were reef-associated. Majority of the demersal species were juveniles while composition of juveniles among the pelagic species ranged between 67% - 84%. In addition, 6 (10%) of the recorded species were either vulnerable or near threatened on the IUCN red list of threatened species. It could be deduced from these observations that the recruitment of juveniles into the small pelagic fish stocks may be compromised and possibly lead to the future collapse of such fishery. The practice is also inadvertently a clear threat to the marine ecosystem, and sustainable fish production in Ghana.

scholarly journals Global extinction risk for seahorses, pipefishes and their near relatives (Syngnathiformes)

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Riley A. Pollom ◽  
Gina M. Ralph ◽  
Caroline M. Pollock ◽  
Amanda C.J. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Data Deficient

Abstract Few marine taxa have been comprehensively assessed for their conservation status, despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. Here we report on the first global assessment of extinction risk for 300 species of syngnathiform fishes known as of 2017, using the IUCN Red List criteria. This order of bony teleosts is dominated by seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons (family Syngnathidae). It also includes trumpetfishes (Aulostomidae), shrimpfishes (Centriscidae), cornetfishes (Fistulariidae) and ghost pipefishes (Solenostomidae). At least 6% are threatened, but data suggest a mid-point estimate of 7.9% and an upper bound of 38%. Most of the threatened species are seahorses (Hippocampus spp.: 14/42 species, with an additional 17 that are Data Deficient) or freshwater pipefishes of the genus Microphis (2/18 species, with seven additional that are Data Deficient). Two species are Near Threatened. Nearly one-third of syngnathiformes (97 species) are Data Deficient and could potentially be threatened, requiring further field research and evaluation. Most species (61%) were, however, evaluated as Least Concern. Primary threats to syngnathids are (1) overexploitation, primarily by non-selective fisheries, for which most assessments were determined by criterion A (Hippocampus) and/or (2) habitat loss and degradation, for which assessments were determined by criterion B (Microphis and some Hippocampus). Threatened species occurred in most regions but more are found in East and South-east Asia and in South African estuaries. Vital conservation action for syngnathids, including constraining fisheries, particularly non-selective extraction, and habitat protection and rehabilitation, will benefit many other aquatic species.

scholarly journals Conservation Status of Marine Biodiversity in Oceania: An Analysis of Marine Species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Polidoro ◽  
Cristiane T. Elfes ◽  
Jonnell C. Sanciangco ◽  
Helen Pippard ◽  
Kent E. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Conservation Action

Given the economic and cultural dependence on the marine environment in Oceania and a rapidly expanding human population, many marine species populations are in decline and may be vulnerable to extinction from a number of local and regional threats. IUCN Red List assessments, a widely used system for quantifying threats to species and assessing species extinction risk, have been completed for 1190 marine species in Oceania to date, including all known species of corals, mangroves, seagrasses, sea snakes, marine mammals, sea birds, sea turtles, sharks, and rays present in Oceania, plus all species in five important perciform fish groups. Many of the species in these groups are threatened by the modification or destruction of coastal habitats, overfishing from direct or indirect exploitation, pollution, and other ecological or environmental changes associated with climate change. Spatial analyses of threatened species highlight priority areas for both site- and species-specific conservation action. Although increased knowledge and use of newly available IUCN Red List assessments for marine species can greatly improve conservation priorities for marine species in Oceania, many important fish groups are still in urgent need of assessment.

scholarly journals Conservation-Status Gaps for Marine Top-Fished Commercial Species

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Imanol Miqueleiz ◽  
Rafael Miranda ◽  
Arturo Hugo Ariño ◽  
Elena Ojea
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Marine Realm

Biodiversity loss is a global problem, accelerated by human-induced pressures. In the marine realm, one of the major threats to species conservation, together with climate change, is overfishing. In this context, having information on the conservation status of target commercial marine fish species becomes crucial for assuring safe standards. We put together fisheries statistics from the FAO, the IUCN Red List, FishBase, and RAM Legacy databases to understand to what extent top commercial species’ conservation status has been assessed. Levels of assessment for top-fished species were higher than those for general commercial or highly commercial species, but almost half of the species have outdated assessments. We found no relation between IUCN Red List traits and FishBase Vulnerability Index, depreciating the latter value as a guidance for extinction threat. The RAM database suggests good management of more-threatened species in recent decades, but more data are required to assess whether the trend has reverted in recent years. Outdated IUCN Red List assessments can benefit from reputed stock assessments for new reassessments. The future of IUCN Red List evaluations for commercial fish species relies on integrating new parameters from fisheries sources and improved collaboration with fisheries stakeholders and managers.

scholarly journals Loss of habitat through inundation and the conservation status of two endemic Tasmanian Syncarid crustaceans: Allanaspides hickmani and A. helonomus

Oryx ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Driessen ◽  
Stephen A. Mallick ◽  
Andrew Lee ◽  
Shaun Thurstans
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
State Legislation ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
South West ◽  
Island State ◽  
Lake Gordon

Extant representatives of the ancient crustacean family Anaspididae are restricted to the island State of Tasmania, Australia. Allanaspides hickmani and Allanaspides helonomus were first described in the early 1970s from surface pools in buttongrass moorland in two adjacent watersheds in south-west Tasmania. Both of these catchments have since been inundated for hydroelectric power generation (Lake Gordon and Serpentine Impoundments). Surveys indicate that both species persist in a small number of highly fragmented populations on the margins of the two impoundments. A. hickmani and A. helonomus have extant Areas of Occupancy of c. 21 and 54 km2, respectively. We estimate that inundation resulted in the loss of 85–94% of the original range of A. hickmani and c. 78% of the original range of A. helonomus. Under IUCN Red List guidelines and National threatened species legislation A. hickmani but not A. helonomus may qualify for listing as Vulnerable (Area of Occupancy <20 km2). At the present time only A. hickmani is listed as Rare under Tasmanian (State) threatened species legislation but A. helonomus merits the same listing under State legislation. Global warming appears to pose the most significant potential threat to Allanaspides species.

scholarly journals Broad and fine-scale threats on threatened Brazilian freshwater fish: variability across hydrographic regions and taxonomic groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murilo Luiz e Castro Santana ◽  
Fernando Rogério Carvalho ◽  
Fabrício Barreto Teresa
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Hydrographic Regions ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract: Anthropogenic environmental changes are the main cause of species extinction during the Holocene. Species have been exposed to major source of threats, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, pollution, introduced species, and harvesting, many of which are derived from specific anthropogenic activities, such as urbanization, agriculture, and damming (i.e. fine-scale threats). However, the importance of these threats on the species conservation status in a given region depends on the type of impacts they are exposed to and the susceptibility of species to these impacts. In this study, we used a database of threatened Brazilian freshwater fish species to test whether the major source of threats and the specific anthropogenic impacts to species vary across hydrographic regions and taxonomic groups. Our results showed that habitat loss is a ubiquitous major threat jeopardizing the conservation status of the Brazilian fish species. However, different fine-scale threats mediate this process across hydrographic regions and taxonomic groups. The combination of impacts from agriculture, deforestation, and urbanization affects most of the threatened species in the basins of the Northeast, South, and Southeast, including the species of the most threatened order, the Cyprinodontiformes. Damming is the main human activity affecting threatened species of Siluriformes, Characiformes, Gymnotiformes, and Cichliformes, especially in northern basins (Amazon and Tocantins-Araguaia). Therefore, we found that specific fine-scale threats influencing threatened species vary across hydrographic regions and taxonomic groups, probably due to geographic variability in the incidence of human activities and differential niche requirements and vulnerability of species to these activities.

scholarly journals Current Status of Threatened Plant Collections in Cibodas Botanical Garden Based on IUCN Red List

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Vandra Kurniawan ◽  
Dwinda Mariska Putri ◽  
Muhammad Imam Surya
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Threatened Plant ◽  
Plant Collections

One of the main task of Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) is to conserve the Indonesian plants species. Moreover, the preservation and enrichment of threatened plant collections based on IUCN red list categories became an important programme for plants conservation in CBG. The aims of this study are to inventory threatened plant collections and to review the status of CBG threatened plant collections. List of threatened plant collections was gathered from SINDATA, a system developed by CBG. The collection, was reviewed by inspecting current collections in CBG. Literature study was done to review the conservation status of the threatened plant collections. The conservation status was checked in IUCN red list website. The results shown that CBG had collected 86 species of threatened plants, which is 13 Critically Endangered (CR) species, 39 Endangered (EN) species, and 34 Vulnerable (VU) species. Critically endangered category consists of 13 species belong to 8 families and 10 genus. Endangered category consists of 39 species belong to 17 families and 34 genus. Vulnerable category consists of 34 species belong to 27 families and 28 genus. The largest collections of threatened species was genus Nepenthes, which is 16% (14 species) from the total threatened species in CBG. Furthermore, CBG had succeeded in collecting 40 species of Indonesian native plants in which Dipterocarpaceae species were dominate the collection with 7 species. These species are listed as critically endangered (3 species) and endangered (4 species).

Local and expert knowledge improve conservation assessment of rare and iconic Fijian tree species

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Keppel ◽  
Alifereti Naikatini ◽  
Isaac A. Rounds ◽  
Robert L. Pressey ◽  
Nunia T. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Conservation Threats

In many developing countries, threatened species lists are unavailable and IUCN Red Lists are very incomplete. Because limited resources are available for conservation in developing countries, detailed field assessments and scientific study of threatened species are often not feasible. However, considerable knowledge about biodiversity exists among experts and local land users. We used questionnaires as part of field surveys to compile information about the abundance, conservation threats, distribution, and ecology of populations of four threatened and iconic target species in Fiji (Acmopyle sahniana, Dacrydium nausoriense, Podocarpus affinis [all Podocarpaceae], and Cynometra falcata [Leguminosae]). These questionnaires were completed in the field for all known populations by an assessor, compiling field observations and measurements with information from local land users and local and outside experts. For the four species in this study, the questionnaires improved estimates of population size, identified previously unknown populations, provided estimates of regeneration, and identified key conservation threats. Species of highly fragmented remnants in drier climates were less protected than those in more contiguous forests of moist climates. The methods employed provided rapid, cost-effective information that can be used to revise IUCN Red List and conservation status assessments and are applicable to other Pacific Island and developing countries.

scholarly journals DNA Barcoding and CITES-Listed Wedgefish (Rhynchobatidae, Rhinidae) from South Bangka, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah ◽  
Novi Santia ◽  
Okto Supratman ◽  
Ahmad Fahrul Syarif ◽  
Anggraeni Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
The Status ◽  
Elasmobranch Species

Overfishing of wedgefish greatly affects its population and the balance of the marine ecosystem. This is exacerbated by their relatively low fecundity, slow growth, and late maturity results in one of the lowest population growth rate within elasmobranch species. However, lacking database information results in insufficient regulations and surveillance of wedgefish fishing. The current situation is feared to the risk of wedgefish’s survival, especially in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. Fundamental to a database is the accurate identification of wedgefish species based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis. This study aimed to use DNA barcodes to identify, determine the conservation status, and the status according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). We collected samples including unidentified fin samples from confiscated illegal fishing catches, the traditional markets and fishing docks, South Bangka. In this research, we used DNA Barcoding (mitocondrial DNA, COI gene) to identify and examine of wedgefish samples. The tissue samples used in this study were identified as species listed in CITES Appendix II, they are Rhynchobatus australiae, Rhynchobatus springeri and Rhina ancylostoma. According to the IUCN Red List, 100% of the wedgefish species found are Critical Endangered at the global level.

scholarly journals The importance of addressing different Red Lists in conservation studies: an analysis comparing the conservation status of Brazilian mammals

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
M. C. Drago ◽  
D. Vrcibradic
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Red Lists

Red Lists are important conservation tools because they attempt to estimate the extinction risks of species. We compared the conservation status of Brazilian mammals presented in the Brazilian Red Book with those presented in the IUCN Red List, highlighting the importance of each list and why they should be used jointly. Out of 636 species, 181 were considered endemic to Brazil and 121 were considered threatened by at least one of the lists. Considering the complete database, 86 % of the species had the same status on both lists, whereas only 48 % of the threatened species had the same status. Some possible factors responsible for variations are the period in which the evaluations were carried out, the evaluation process and the fact that a species threatened nationally may not be threatened globally. We recommend that communication should be improved, that lists should be kept updated, and that both the type of information and the data itself to be used in the assessments should be standardized.

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