scholarly journals Monetary value and cost analysis of a youth voluntary program on road safety in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Seddighi ◽  
Ibrahim Salmani
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Voluntary Program ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Objectives: Volunteering has great economic and social benefits, but it is neglected due to the voluntary nature of the work. The purpose of this study was to assess the monetary aspect of voluntary activities in the plan of Iranian National Safety and Health for New Year Holidays passengers and analyze cost analysis of the implementation of this plan by youth volunteers.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 1574 volunteers outlined in this plan were analyzed from Wage Replacement and Replacement Cost approach for monetary evaluation of voluntary activities. In addition, the cost benefit analysis of a Red Crescent voluntary plan is calculated by "value audit and volunteer investment" (VIVA) technique.Results: In the mentioned road safety plan, the sum of the economic value of volunteering work in the Nowruz passenger's safety and health plan is multiplied by the number of working hours of youth volunteers per day, the number of young people and the average wage was earned at an hour, which was obtained as $ 69885.6. also Viva rate is 10.6$ means every dollar Red crescent spent will cost more than 10$ if it wasn’t voluntary. Discussion: According to the findings, it seems that the voluntary plan for safety and health of New Year holidays passengers had been economically profitable for the Red Crescent population as well as for the government because of its high revenue compared to the its cost.

scholarly journals Monetary Value and the Cost Analysis of a Youth Voluntary Program of Road Safety in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Hamed Seddighi ◽  
◽  
Ibrahim Salmani ◽  
Saeideh Seddighi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Voluntary Program ◽  
The Cost

Background: Volunteering has great economic and social benefits, but it is neglected due to the nature of the work. This study aimed to assess the monetary aspect of the voluntary activities in the National Plan of Safety and Health of Nowruz Passengers and analyze the cost of the implementation of this plan, regarding youth volunteers. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 1574 volunteers outlined in the plan were analyzed with the wage replacement and replacement cost approach for the monetary evaluation of voluntary activities. Also, the cost-benefit analysis of the Red Crescent voluntary plan was calculated by the volunteer investment and value audit technique. Results: In the mentioned road safety plan, the sum of the economic values of volunteering work was multiplied by the number of working hours of youth volunteers per day. Thus, the number of young people was determined, considering the average wage per hour for these people, the monetary value of $69 885.6 was obtained for the voluntary activities. Also, the volunteer investment and value audit rate was $10.6; it means that every dollar spent by Red Crescent would cost more than $10 if it were not voluntary.  Conclusion: According to the present findings, it seems that the National Plan of Safety and Health of Nowruz Passengers had been economically profitable for the Red Crescent population and the government because of its high revenue, compared with its cost.

scholarly journals Optimal spatio-temporal design for water quality monitoring networks in maximizing economic value of information

2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 03004 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Destandau ◽  
Youssef Zaiter
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Cost

The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC draw attention to Water Quality Monitoring Networks (WQMN) that allows the acquisition of information regarding water streams. Information could be acquired by a spatial and/or temporal approach. However, there is a cost for monitoring water quality. Hence, to determine the spatio-temporal design of the network, the Economic Value of Information must be known to undertake a cost-benefit analysis. In this study, we show how the calculation of the EVOI can help the network manager to answer questions such as: is the cost of monitoring justified? How to allocate a budget between adding a monitoring station or increasing the frequency of measurement of existing stations?

scholarly journals COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES AS A MEANS OF PROMOTING ACTIVE AGING IN GALILEE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S299-S299
Author(s):  
Shira Hantman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
Choice Modelling ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Increase in life expectancy has benefits, but also costs from increased expenses related to morbidity and prevention. These costs may be reduced by adopting a healthier lifestyle. The goal of the study was to quantify the economic value of a variety of activities in which older adults partake: e.g. cultural, intellectual, physical and nutritional activities. Research questions: Are the monetary benefits of improved health different when measured on a subjective willingness-to-pay (WTP) approach or on an objective Cost-of-Illness (COI) approach? Is the monetary benefit of active aging larger than the cost associated in doing that? 300 older adults participating in various activities of the local senior center and a control group not participating filled out a life style survey. A choice modelling (CM) approach estimated a subjective monetary welfare and compared it to an objective measure of benefit associated with the occurrence of different health symptoms associated with more active aging. An association was found between the various activities explored and the objective and subjective perspective of health. Moreover, all older adult activities passed the cost benefit test albite the order was different between objective and subjective estimations. Nutrition related activities were found to be the most beneficial. Cultural activity ranked second objectively and subjectively. Intellectual activity ranked last objectively and physical activity ranked last subjectively. Participants will understand the need to provide optimal policy and efficient resource distribution between the various activities offered to older adults. This will result in better health lowering public health expenditures.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis for a Quinquennial Census: The 2016 Population Census of South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Spencer ◽  
Julian May ◽  
Steven Kenyon ◽  
Zachary Seeskin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Important Benefit ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The question of whether to carry out a quinquennial Census is faced by national statistical offices in increasingly many countries, including Canada, Nigeria, Ireland, Australia, and South Africa. We describe uses and limitations of cost-benefit analysis in this decision problem in the case of the 2016 Census of South Africa. The government of South Africa needed to decide whether to conduct a 2016 Census or to rely on increasingly inaccurate postcensal estimates accounting for births, deaths, and migration since the previous (2011) Census. The cost-benefit analysis compared predicted costs of the 2016 Census to the benefits of improved allocation of intergovernmental revenue, which was considered by the government to be a critical use of the 2016 Census, although not the only important benefit. Without the 2016 Census, allocations would be based on population estimates. Accuracy of the postcensal estimates was estimated from the performance of past estimates, and the hypothetical expected reduction in errors in allocation due to the 2016 Census was estimated. A loss function was introduced to quantify the improvement in allocation. With this evidence, the government was able to decide not to conduct the 2016 Census, but instead to improve data and capacity for producing post-censal estimates.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Economic Evaluation of Returning Incidental Findings in Genomic Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Fontes Marx ◽  
John E. Ataguba ◽  
Jantina de Vries ◽  
Ambroise Wonkam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Genomic Sequencing ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Cost

Objectives: Discussions regarding who and how incidental findings (IFs) should be returned and the ethics behind returning IFs have increased dramatically over the years. However, information on the cost and benefits of returning IFs to patients remains scanty.Design: This study systematically reviews the economic evaluation of returning IFs in genomic sequencing. We searched for published articles on the cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, and cost-utility of IFs in Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar.Results: We found six published articles that met the eligibility criteria of this study. Two articles used cost analysis only, one used cost-benefit analysis only, two used both cost analysis and cost-effectiveness, and one used both cost-benefit analysis and cost-utility to describe the cost of returning IFs in genomic sequencing.Conclusion: While individuals value the IF results and are willing to pay for them, the cost of returning IFs depends on the primary health condition of the patient. Although patients were willing to pay, there was no clear evidence that returning IFs might be cost-effective. More rigorous economic evaluation studies of IFs are needed to determine whether or not the cost of returning IFs is beneficial to the patient.

scholarly journals The Costs of Using Volunteers in a COVID-19 pandemic Response Program in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Seddighi ◽  
Ibrahim Salmani ◽  
Mehrab sharifi sedeh
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Voluntary Work ◽  
Replacement Method ◽  
Iranian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Permanent Employees ◽  
The Cost

Abstract An intervention that Iran implemented to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic was to screen passengers during the Iranian New Year holidays (17 March to 3 April 2020). The purpose of this study is to examine the costs and benefits of using volunteers in this program for the Iranian government. Using the cost-benefit analysis method, the national data of the screening program were analyzed. A total of 83,810 volunteers worked on the project for 17 days, which cost $ 27,7811. If the Iranian government had hired permanent employees instead of using volunteers, it would have cost $ 558733 more. It is used wage replacement method for calculating cost of voluntary work using the minimum wage of workers in Iran in 2020. Volunteer Investment and Value Audit (VIVA) rate also showed that $ 2 was saved for every dollar the Iranian government spent. It can be concluded that the use of volunteers, especially in volunteer-oriented programs in times of disaster, including epidemics, can be economically beneficial to the government. At the same time, it should be noted that the use of volunteers is also costly, and the government must identify the optimal number of volunteers before implementation. Moreover, if there are several plans on the table to intervene, the Viva rate can be a measure of cost-effectiveness.

scholarly journals Some Features of Non-Safety Costs in Maintenance of Work Equipments

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgeta Buica ◽  
Anca Elena Antonov ◽  
Constantin Beiu ◽  
Dobra Remus ◽  
Dragos Pasculescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Managerial Performance ◽  
Economic Criterion ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Cost

In the present research article, a modest attempt has been made to find some important features non-safety costs in maintenance of work equipments. The preventive maintenance is essential in maintaining the safety and reliability of work equipment, which is ensuring the safety and health of workers and also it, give an optimal and safe working environment. Here, we analyze the influence of the failure of the work equipment, as a result of non-preventive maintenance, on the managerial performance of a company. From the analysis of the effects of the costs of work-related events, it was found that the failure and deterioration of work equipment accounted a significant share from the cost of non-safety. These factors are an argument for the cost - benefit analysis of occupational safety and health. Final, we emphasized some important role of preventive maintenance, namely the necessity to carry out periodic safety tests, starting from the conception of many employers that they have the economic criterion regarding the safety and health of the workers in the work process.

Estimating the fiscal impact of three vaccination strategies in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Ruggeri ◽  
Eugenio Di Brino ◽  
Americo Cicchetti
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Fiscal Impact ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Total Impact

AbstractObjectivesWhen assessing the economic value of vaccines, decision makers should adopt a full societal perspective. One approach for estimation of the fiscal impact of a disease is to use the human capital method to determine productivity losses. The aim of this study was to test an analytical framework developed for the estimation of the fiscal impacts of vaccination programs for influenza (FLU), pneumococcus (PC), and herpes zoster (HZ), in Italy.MethodsWe tested the framework in a two-stage analysis. First, we estimated the fiscal impact of the disease, second we performed a cost–benefit analysis of the individual benefits of vaccination against the cost of the vaccine. To estimate the fiscal impact of the diseases, the human capital approach was used. Epidemiological data were extrapolated from the literature. A Monte Carlo simulation enabled exploration of the uncertainty in the model variables.ResultsFor FLU, assuming 2.1 million people infected, the total expected impact was EUR 999,371,520; the estimated fiscal impact was EUR 159,563,520. For PC, assuming 90,000 people infected, the total impact was EUR 148,055,040 and the estimated fiscal impact was EUR 23,639,040. For HZ, assuming 6,400 people infected, the total impact was EUR 4,777,200, with EUR 630,000 resulting from a decrease in fiscal taxation.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our work shows how traditional methods aimed at estimating the cost of illness from a social perspective can be improved by additionally considering the fiscal impact, which accounts for the decrease in fiscal revenues due to illness.

scholarly journals HPV Vaccination Program for Sixth-Grade Girls in Washington, D.C.: A Cost-Benefit Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Sarah Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Cost

This cost-benefit analysis studies the most significant costs and benefits of the new requirement in Washington, D.C. that all parents of sixth-grade girls certify that their children are vaccinated against the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Thelargest costs are the economic cost of purchasing the vaccine and the costs of administration to providers, which total just over $2.1 million per year. Additional costs that cannot be easily monetized but are included conceptually include the potential for adverse events and opportunity costs of providers and parents. The largest potential for benefits from this policy relate to the two diseases prevented by the vaccine: genital warts and cervical cancer. By quantifying the cost of treatment for both diseases and estimating the economic value of lives lost, this analysis estimates the benefits to be nearly $1.5 million yearly. Thus, the economic analysis finds this policy inefficient, since benefits greatly outweigh costs in all but one scenario of sensitivity analysis. The analysis also identifies the limitations of this study and of cost-benefit analysis generally, and cautions against the sole use of cost-benefit analysis, especially for health policy decisions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document