scholarly journals Displacement Evolution of Reverse-Dip Rock Slope Considering the Change of the Reservoir Level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangfu Xie ◽  
Jiabing Zhang ◽  
Yongjun Qin ◽  
Jianhu Wang ◽  
Wei Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Slope ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Reservoir Level ◽  
Horizontal Orientation ◽  
Chongqing City ◽  
Discrete Monitoring

Abstract This paper investigates the toppling deformation characteristics of the displacement evolution in different portions for a reverse-dip rock slope, through a case study of Xiaodongcao slope in Chongqing city, China. Firstly, the elevation, slope angle, and aspect were obtained by the field survey, and then they were adopted in the partitioning process related to geological and geometrical conditions by the ArcGIS packages. Secondly, the spatiotemporal cloud map of the displacement was obtained by discrete monitoring data of surface displacement of the slope. Finally, the topping deformation was determined by superposing the cloud map of the displacement and the geometrical partition, considering the change of the reservoir level. The main findings are summarized as follows: (1) the horizontal displacement is close to the total one, meaning that the slope topping deformation is mainly in the horizontal orientation.(2) In the front and middle edges of the slope, the horizontal displacement is pronounced, which increases with the increase of the reservoir level and vice versa. The vertical displacement mainly occurs in the trailing of the slope, which increases when the reservoir level changes. (3) The area in relation to the strong superposed displacement increases with the variation of the reservoir level. The largest area of superposed displacement is distributed at medium gradient, low elevation and north aspect zones.

scholarly journals Field monitoring on deformation of high rock slope during highway construction: A case study in Wenzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 155014771989595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Qiong Wang ◽  
Shao-Bing Zhang ◽  
Long-Long Chen ◽  
Yong-Li Xie ◽  
Zhi-Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Slope Excavation ◽  
Surface Monitoring ◽  
Slope Rock

In order to study the deformation stability of rock slope during the excavation of cutting slope and ensure the safety of rock slope during construction and operation period, this article analyzed the deformation law of a typical slope excavation by monitoring the surface deformation and the internal displacement of the rock mass. The surface deformation of the slope is monitored by setting monitoring points, and the internal deformation of the slope is monitored by installing multipoint displacement meters and inclinometers. Therefore, the relationship between slope excavation and deformation is obtained. The analysis of monitoring results shows that the slope is stable before excavation, and the displacement of the slope is gradually increased with the slope excavation. After the excavation, the displacement of each slope tends to converge. The maximum displacement in surface monitoring points is 12.30 mm, and the displacement parallels to the direction of the expressway. The maximum vertical displacement in surface monitoring points is 10.60 mm which occurred in the third step; the maximum internal displacement is 11.02 mm which mainly occurs in the weak structural plane of the rock boundary. During the excavation of the weak rock slope, the slope rock mass is prone to large displacement deformation. After the excavation, the slope surface displacement and internal displacement tend to converge in a short time.

Numerical Analysis of Stratified Rock Slope Stability Based on 3DEC

2013 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Zhi De Wang ◽  
Li Min Jiang ◽  
Yuan You Xia ◽  
Yao Yao Pei ◽  
Man Qing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Rock Slope Stability ◽  
Safety Coefficient ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Stratified Rock

Discrete element software is used to simulate the excavation of a rock slope in Puli-Xuanwei Expressway in Yunnan Province. Through monitoring displacement development characteristics in different positions of slope, the result shows that the minimum horizontal displacement under excavation exists in the top of the slope, meanwhile the maximum horizontal displacement occurs in the foot and waist of the slope, and the maximum vertical displacement occurs in the top of the slope. Comparing rock slope in such conditions as different stratum angles, directions, rock characteristics and thickness, it concludes possible failure modes of slope and the variation law of safety coefficient under different conditions. This paper is instructive and offers reference for the practical engineering.

scholarly journals Study on Deformation Evolution Characteristics of Reverse-Dip Rock Slope under the Influence of Rainfall

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Jiabing Zhang ◽  
Liangfu Xie ◽  
Xuejun Liu ◽  
Yongjun Qin ◽  
Liming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rock Slope ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Displacement Monitoring ◽  
Bank Slope ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Strong Deformation ◽  
Toppling Deformation ◽  
Dip Slope

In Southwestern China, there exists deep river valleys and abundant rainfall, which leads to a large number of reverse-dip rock slopes. In order to investigate the evolution characteristics of toppling deformation of reverse-dip slope under the influence of rainfall, and a typical reverse-dip slope was taken as an engineering case. Firstly, the temporal and spatial evolution nephogram of toppling displacement under different rainfall was obtained based on the discrete surface displacement monitoring data of bank slope. Then, taking bank slope, gully buffer zone, and development degree of bank slope as development characteristics based on geological field survey, afterward, the evolution characteristics in different strong deformation zones were analyzed by superimposing the development characteristic partition and the spatial and temporal displacement nephogram. The results showed that the horizontal displacement mainly occurred on the right front and middle rear of the bank slope while large vertical displacement occurred on the middle of the bank slope under the influence of rainfall. As the rainfall increased to the maximum, the toppling deformation reached the peak, and vertical displacement was more sensitive to the rainfall than horizontal displacement. After the superposition, the largest strong deformation zone was located in the middle and rear part of the bank slope, which is characterized by medium and high slope and mature stage and 50 m gully buffer zone. This paper explores the deformation and failure process of reverse-dip rock slope considering the change of rainfall through real displacement monitoring data and focuses on the real deformation evolution law of each characteristic zone combined with different development characteristics partition.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Surface Displacement of the Eastern Beijing Plain, China, Using Ascending and Descending Sentinel-1A/B Images and Leveling Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2809
Author(s):  
Shunkang Zhang ◽  
Beibei Chen ◽  
Huili Gong ◽  
Kunchao Lei ◽  
Min Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Vertical Surface ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Displacement Estimation ◽  
Beijing Plain

Surface displacement is an common environmental geological phenomenon in the Beijing Plain. Research on surface displacement in the Beijing Plain has mainly focused on vertical surface displacement, whereas the horizontal displacement has scarcely been studied. To investigate the 3-D surface displacement in the Beijing Plain, we construct a leveling-constrained multidirectional PS-InSAR 3-D surface displacement estimation method to obtain the 3-D surface displacement information. The results show that the surface displacement in the study area during 2016–2018 was mainly vertical displacement with two main northern and southern subsidence centers; the vertical displacement ranged from −150 mm/year (down) to 5 mm/year (up), and the east–west horizontal displacement ranged from 20 mm/year (east) to 22 mm/year (west). Validation results show that the 3-D surface displacement estimation results agree well with leveling data and GPS data, indicating the reliability of the 3-D surface displacement datasets. The 3-D surface displacement results show that horizontal displacement is obvious in the areas with a large vertical displacement in the eastern Beijing Plain. Additionally, the horizontal displacement is directed toward the center of vertical displacement. The compressive strain is observed close to the centers of vertical displacement, whereas tensile strain occurs far from the centers of vertical displacement. The main cause of the 3-D surface displacement in the study area is the long-term groundwater overexploitation, especially deep groundwater exploitation. The spatial and temporal extents of displacement do not exactly match the locations of the groundwater sinks in different aquifers; instead, geological structures and stratigraphic/lithological conditions may have a combined effect. Moreover, the spatial and temporal distributions of surface displacement are closely related to ground fissure activity, and both influence each other.

Reinforcement and Characteristic Analysis of Bolt Technology Applied in Bedding Rock Slope

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 445-449
Author(s):  
En Hua Wang ◽  
Zhi De Wang ◽  
Li Min Jiang ◽  
Luo Hao ◽  
An Ran
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Discrete Element ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Safety Coefficient ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Bedding Rock Slope

Discrete element software is used to simulate the excavation of a rock slope in Puli-Xuanwei Expressway in Yunnan Province. Through monitoring displacement development characteristics in different positions of slope, the result shows that the minimum horizontal displacement under excavation exists in the top of the slope, meanwhile the maximum horizontal displacement occurs in the foot and waist of the slope, and the maximum vertical displacement occurs in the top of the slope. Comparing rock slope in such conditions as different stratum angles, directions, rock characteristics and thickness, it concludes possible failure modes of slope and the variation law of safety coefficient under different conditions. This paper is instructive and offers reference for the practical engineering.

INVESTIGATING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN STABILIZED EXCAVATION BY NAILING AND ADJACENT URBAN TUNNELS: CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Hosseini ◽  
Mahmood Parsaei
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Subway Tunnel

Urban development could be evaluated by considering the transportation and construction industries. The transportation industry development causes an increase in the urban subway lines as well as underground tunnels. Concerning the construction industry, the large-scale buildings development such as commercial malls, high-rise buildings, and underground parking structures may require deep excavations at metropolitan projects. In this paper, a parametric study is carried out by considering the distance of a tunnel from a retaining wall with the staged construction. PLAXIS 2.0D ver.8.5 software is used as an analysis tool. The results show that existing tunnels are affected more than retaining walls during an excavation when the structural response is considered. By increasing the horizontal distance of tunnel center from the wall, lateral displacement and the bending moment of the tunnel would decrease 14% and the vertical displacement and bending moment of tunnel’s Crown would reduce by 15% and 12%, respectively. These interaction effects become negligible after a distance of 5 times the tunnel diameter. Besides, the existence of the tunnel in the vicinity of excavations would increase the top horizontal displacement of the retaining wall by about 13%. It is worthwhile to point out that the current paper is based on a case study on Sharif University multistory underground parking located near the subway tunnel in Tehran city stabilized by deploying a nailing and anchorage system.

Constraining Paleoearthquakes by Combining Faulted Stratigraphy and Microgeomorphology: A Case Study on the Haiyuan Fault, Northwestern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Zheng ◽  
Haiyun Bi ◽  
Xulong Wang ◽  
Dongli Zhang ◽  
Rong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
The West ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Trench Excavation

Abstract Surface-rupturing strong earthquakes will leave evidence distributed along fault zones. The combination of paleoearthquake trench excavation and faulted microgeomorphic analysis at the same site provides more comprehensive knowledge of paleoearthquakes than either method could accomplish alone. In this article, we report on our use of trench excavation and dating, together with a 5-cm resolution digital elevation model obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle based on the structure from motion photogrammetry technology, to investigate the timing and size of strong paleoearthquake events in the Dashagou site near the west end of the Haiyuan fault, which ruptured in the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake. The result reveals that at least four strong paleoearthquake events with the same or even higher magnitude (including the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake) have occurred along the west end of the Haiyuan fault since the mid-Holocene. Event IV occurred shortly before 6.0 ka with a horizontal displacement of 4.27±1.50  m and a vertical displacement of 0.70±0.39  m. Event III occurred at approximately 4.65±0.45  ka with a horizontal displacement of 5.45±1.25  m and a vertical displacement of 0.38±0.23  m. Event II occurred at approximately 1.0 ka with a horizontal displacement of 3.86±0.90  m and a vertical displacement of 0.55±0.27  m. The most recent event was the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake, with a horizontal displacement of 2.15±0.82  m and a vertical displacement of 0.26±0.12  m. From the results of these four events, we can certainly conclude that the fault has mainly maintained the strike-slip kinematic pattern over the past 6 ka. These observations highlight the benefits of combining trench excavation and faulted microgeomorphology to gain a more complete understanding of paleoearthquakes.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal behavior of a large-scale landslide at Mt. Onnebetsu-dake, Japan, detected by three L-band SAR satellites

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichiro Takada ◽  
George Motono
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Spatiotemporal Behavior ◽  
Spatially Periodic ◽  
L Band

Abstract We applied differential InSAR analysis to the Shiretoko Peninsula, northeastern Hokkaido, Japan. All the interferograms of long temporal baseline (~ 3 years) processed from SAR data of three L-band satellites (JERS-1, ALOS, ALOS-2) commonly indicate remarkable phase changes due to the landslide movement at the southeastern flank of Mt. Onnebetsu-dake, a Quaternary stratovolcano. The area of interferometric phase change matches to known landslide morphologies. Judging from the timing of the SAR image acquisitions, this landslide has been moving at least from 1993 to the present. Successive interferograms of 1-year temporal baseline indicate the temporal fluctuation of the landslide velocity. Especially for the descending interferograms, the positive line-of-sight (LOS) length change, which indicates large subsidence relative to the horizontal movement, is observed in the upslope section of the landslide during 1993–1998, while the negative LOS change is observed in the middle and the downslope section after 2007 indicating less subsidence. The landslide activity culminates from 2014 to 2017: the eastward and the vertical displacement rates reach ~ 6 and ~ 2 cm/yr, respectively. Utilizing high spatial resolution of ALOS and ALOS-2 data, we investigated velocity distribution inside the landslide. During 2007–2010, the eastward component of surface displacement increases toward the east, implying that the landslide extends toward the east. During 2014–2017, the vertical displacement profile exhibits spatially periodic uplift and subsidence consistent with surface gradient, which indicates the ongoing deformation driven by gravitational force. Heavy rainfall associated with three typhoons in August 2016 might have brought about an increase in the landslide velocity, possibly due to elevated pore-fluid pressure within and/or at the base of the landslide material. Also, annual rainfall would be an important factor that prescribes the landslide velocity averaged over 3 years.

scholarly journals Influence of rigidity of retainers on dynamic behavior of implant-supported removable partial dentures

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshifumi Nogawa ◽  
Masayasu Saito ◽  
Naomichi Murashima ◽  
Yoshiyuki Takayama ◽  
Atsuro Yokoyama
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Mechanical Simulation ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Abutment Teeth ◽  
Distal Extension

Abstract Background Implant-supported removable partial dentures (ISRPDs) are an effective treatment for partially edentulous patients. ISRPDs improve patients’ satisfaction and oral function to a greater extent than RPDs by improving denture stability and enhancing support. However, the effect of a type of direct retainer on displacement of the abutment teeth and dentures in ISRPDs remains unclear. Therefore, we made a resin mandibular model of unilateral mandibular distal-extension partial edentulism for mechanical simulation and compared the dynamic behavior of the abutment teeth and the denture base among different tooth-borne retainers with various rigidities for RPDs and ISRPDs. Methods A resin mandibular model for mechanical simulation that had unilateral mandibular distal-extension edentulism and was missing the first molar, second molar, first premolar, and second premolar, and a denture fabricated from the patient’s computed tomography images were used. Three types of direct retainers with different connecting rigidities were evaluated. The vertical displacement of the denture base and buccal and lingual sides and the mesial displacement of the abutment teeth were measured. Results Regardless of the rigidity of the direct retainers and loading positions, the displacement of the denture bases in the ISRPDs was significantly smaller than that in the RPDs (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in vertical displacement of the denture bases among direct retainers with various connecting rigidities in the ISRPDs. Conversely, horizontal displacement of the abutment teeth in both the RPDs and ISRPDs tended to be larger with the cone crown telescope, which has high rigidity, than with the cast cingulum rest and wire clasp, which have much lower rigidities. Conclusion Our results suggested that cast cingulum rest and wire clasps as direct retainers are appropriate ISRPDs to minimize denture movement and suppress displacement of the remaining teeth in patients with unilateral mandibular distal-extension partial edentulism.

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