Role of Medication Beliefs on Medication Adherence in Hypertensive Middle Eastern Refugees and Migrants in Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wejdan Shahin ◽  
Gerard A. Kennedy ◽  
Wendell Cockshaw ◽  
Ieva Stupans
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Improve Medication Adherence ◽  
Medication Beliefs ◽  
Migration Status ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundAdherence to medication is essential in some patients for achieving treatment control in hypertension. Medication beliefs is one of the personal modifiable factors that has been recognised to influence medication adherence in different populations. However, there is no published research to confirm the relationship between medication beliefs and medication adherence in Middle Eastern refugees and migrants in Australia. These two different groups may develop different beliefs about their medications that lead to different medication taking behaviours. Understanding the possible differences in beliefs may have a significant impact on enhancing medication adherence in these groups.Design320 Middle Eastern refugees and migrants with hypertension were approached via various social groups in Australia and asked to complete Arabic versions of the Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire (BMQ) and the Medication Adherence Questionnaire. BMQ scores (necessity and concerns scales) were classified as "accepting", "indifferent", "ambivalent" or "skeptical". Multiple mediation modelling was applied to examine the role of necessity and concerns scales as mediators between migration status and medication adherence.ResultsThere were significant associations between medication adherence and medication beliefs scores (necessity and concerns scales) (p = 0.0001). Necessity, and concern were mediators in the relationship between migration status and medication adherence. Significant differences were found between refugees and migrants for medication adherence and medication beliefs. Refugees were likely to have less necessity, and more concern beliefs than migrants. They were also less likely to adhere to medications. Almost 30% of refugees could be classified as skeptical and 40% as ambivalent. In contrast, 50% of migrants had accepting beliefs, and around 35% held ambivalent beliefs. Refugees and migrants with “accepting” beliefs reported the highest adherence to medication and those holding “skeptical” beliefs reported the lowest adherence.ConclusionMedication beliefs are potentially modifiable and are reasonable targets for clinical interventions designed to improve medication adherence. Understanding these beliefs and the likely differences between refugees and migrants is crucial to provide specific and targeted advice to each group independently in order to improve medication adherence and overall health.

scholarly journals The Role of Medication Beliefs on Medication Adherence in Middle Eastern Refugees and Migrants Diagnosed with Hypertension in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 2163-2173
Author(s):  
Wejdan Shahin ◽  
Gerard A Kennedy ◽  
Wendell Cockshaw ◽  
Ieva Stupans
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Medication Beliefs

scholarly journals “When” Does It Pay to Be Good? Attributions Mediate the Way CSR Elements Impact on Consumer Responses, and Are Controllable

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5869
Author(s):  
Athanasios Krystallis ◽  
Vlad Zaharia ◽  
Antonis Zairis
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Consumer Response ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Consumer Attributions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Survey

Responding to the appeal for more research on the contingencies that shape the relationship between CSR and corporate performance, this paper incorporates environmental CSR, sets up an experimental survey and employs multiple mediation analysis with the aim to test the mediating role of consumer attributions on the CSR elements–consumer responses relationship; and further to examine the degree to which attributions are controllable, i.e., specific CSR elements activate specific type of attributions. Results support that attributions have a strong predicting power on consumer outcomes. The right time of appearance and the appropriate amount of resources committed to a CSR campaign, through the dual type of attributions they activate (more positive, i.e., values-driven and less negative, i.e., egoistic), impact positively on consumer reactions. In this respect, the study adds to past research showing that attributions are controllable, i.e., specific CSR initiative characteristics of a impact on the dimensionality of attributions and, through that, on specific target-types of consumer responses. This study thus shows that the activation of a dual-level attributions’ system is ambivalent, dependent on the character of the CSR campaign. The fact that specific CSR elements (i.e., CSR Timing) activate dual-level CSR motives that act complementarily indicates that managers should be clear about the capabilities of the elements of their CSR initiatives and how much impact they expect those elements to have on consumer response.

Proactive coping mediates the relationship between the narcissism phenotypes and psychological health

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Seungju Hyun ◽  
Xyle Ku
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Proactive Coping ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Although the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and psychological health is widely accepted, little is known about whether and how coping strategies explain this relationship. We examined the mediating role of proactive coping in this relationship, with a sample of 280 participants from five colleges in Korea. We used four parallel multiple mediation models, and controlled for the indirect effects of coping flexibility, self-esteem, and covariates (age and gender). Results show that grandiose narcissism predicted higher life satisfaction and lower perceived stress, whereas vulnerable narcissism exhibited the opposite pattern, and all of these relationships were mediated by proactive coping. Overall, our results highlight the critical role of proactive coping in the prediction of psychological health among narcissists.

Psychosocial Treatments for Bipolar Disorder

2007 ◽  
pp. 309-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Miklowitz ◽  
W. Edward Craighead
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Improve Medication Adherence ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Whereas pharmacological interventions remain the primary treatment for bipolar disorder, adjunctive psychosocial interventions have the potential to increase adherence to medication regimens, decrease hospitalizations and relapses, improve quality of life, and enhance mechanisms for coping with stress. Controlled studies have established that individual, family, and group psychoeducation, designed to provide information to bipolar patients and their families about the disorder, its pharmacological treatment, and the treatments’ side effects, leads to lower rates of recurrence and greater adherence to pharmacological treatment among bipolar patients. Type 1 and 2 studies have evaluated cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as an ancillary treatment. These studies indicate that CBT is associated with better medication adherence and significantly fewer recurrences and/or rehospitalizations. One Type 1 study has evaluated the effectiveness of IPSRT (interpersonal and social rhythm therapy) for bipolar disorder. IPSRT demonstrated its greatest symptomatic effects during a maintenance treatment period, especially if bipolar patients had been successful in stabilizing their daily and nightly routines during an acute treatment period. Finally, four Type 1 studies in adult and pediatric patients have shown that marital/ family therapy may be effectively combined with pharmacotherapy to reduce recurrences and improve medication adherence and family functioning.

Assessment of Medication Adherence and Related Factors in Hypertensive Patients: The Role of Beliefs About Medicines

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098138
Author(s):  
Fatma Ilknur Cinar ◽  
Şule Mumcu ◽  
Betülay Kiliç ◽  
Ülkü Polat ◽  
Bilge Bal Özkaptan
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncontrolled Blood Pressure ◽  
Beliefs About Medicines ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Adherence Scale

Low medication adherence is one of the leading causes that affect the achievement of target levels for hypertension. Identifying modifiable factors associated with low adherence is crucial. This study aims to assess medication adherence and the role of beliefs about medicines on medication adherence among hypertensive patients.This cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 hypertension patients.Data were collected using the Morisky-Green-Levine Medication Adherence Scale, and the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire [BMQ-Turkish Translation (BMQ-T)]. It was found that the BMQ-T subscales of Specific Concern (β = 0.358, p = .027) and General Overuse (β = 0.552, p = .011) had an independent predictor effect on medication adherence scores. In this study, the patients who thought that drugs were overused and had concerns about this were seen to be less adherent with the medication. With regard to patients who use antihypertensive drugs but have uncontrolled blood pressure, their beliefs about drugs should not be ignored when evaluating adherence with drug therapy.

Being Spiritually Green

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
Nitika Sharma ◽  
Madan Lal ◽  
Pankaj Deshwal
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Green Purchasing ◽  
The Relationship

The article theoretically explores and empirically examines the relationship between spiritually motivated environmentalism (SME) and green purchasing intentions (GPI). Also, the mediating role of psychographic variables, namely environmental self-efficacy (ESE), environmental locus of control (ELOC), and environmental empathy (EE), were tested on the SME and GPI. A total of 223 Indian respondents filled out the administered questionnaire to validate the hypothesis, and collected data were analysed using SEM and Hayes's Parallel Multiple Mediation Model. The effect of SME was found significantly positive on GPI through ESE, ELOC, and EE. The findings from the study indicate that spirituality motivates green buying among consumers. Also, green purchasing augments in presence of consumers' self-efficacy, locus of control, and empathy towards environment.

scholarly journals In Pursuit of Work Performance: Testing the Contribution of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5373
Author(s):  
Martin Sanchez-Gomez ◽  
Edgar Breso
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has highlighted the connection between emotional intelligence (EI) and work performance. However, the role of job burnout in this context remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to examine the mediator role of burnout in the relationship between EI and work performance in a multioccupational sample of 1197 Spanish professionals (58.6% women). The participants completed the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. As expected, the results demonstrated a positive relationship between EI and performance, and a negative relationship with burnout, which has a mediator effect in the relationship between EI and work performance. Professionals with high levels of IE and low burnout reported the highest performance. Multiple mediation analyses showed that employees’ EI was indirectly connected to work performance via professional efficacy and exhaustion, even when controlling the effects of sociodemographic variables. The same pattern was found when multiple mediations were conducted for each EI dimension. These findings demonstrate the importance of burnout in understanding work performance and emphasize the role of EI as a protective variable which can prevent the development or chronic progression of workers’ burnout.

scholarly journals Financial Development And Growth In Middle Eastern Countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounther Barakat ◽  
Edward Waller
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Relationship

This paper studies the relationship between financial intermediation and economic growth in a sample of Middle Eastern countries.  The results are consistent with the hypothesis that a well-functioning banking system promotes economic growth.  Moreover, the results suggest that market-specific factors may hinder financial markets’ ability to play hypothesized roles, while enhancing the role of intermediaries.  The paper’s general conclusion is that financial development does affect economic growth.  However, market specific factors affect the magnitude and significance of this effect.  The implication is that studies should control for market-specific factors to assess the relationship between financial development and growth.

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