A High-Fish Oil Diet Can Significantly Reshape The Gut Microbiota In Mice

Abstract Background: Gut microbiota plays an essential role for human health and recent evidence has revealed the beneficial effects of fish oil supplements on the gut microbiota. The present study was to investigate the influence of fish oil on diet-based gut microbiota changes and colitis in mice and whether pyroptosis plays a role in this process.Results: A high-fish oil diet alleviated colitis, resulted in less weight loss and improved pathological scores. Caspase-1, activated in the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) group, was suppressed by a high-fish oil diet. AIN-93M significantly decreased the gut microbial diversity of mice, increasing the abundances of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides and decreasing the abundance of Odoribacter. In contrast, gut microbial diversity was maintained in mice fed a high-fish oil diet; the Firmicutes: Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, the abundance of Parabacteroides was increased, and that the abundance of Odoribacter was decreased.Conclusion: AIN-93M can decrease gut microbiota diversity, which may be associated with a potential proinflammatory effect. Fish oil has anti-inflammatory effects. It can also restore and maintain microbial diversity and suppress pyroptosis activation.

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Fish Oil Can Significantly Reshape Diet-Based Gut Microbiota in Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-52260/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Han Sun ◽

Dan Chen ◽

Yingyue Yang ◽

Bei Tan ◽

Changzhi Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Proinflammatory Effect ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Microbiota Diversity

Abstract Background Studies have demonstrated the influence of diet on the gut microbiota, and recent evidence has revealed the beneficial effects of fish oil supplements on the gut microbiota. The goal of the present study was to investigate the influence of fish oil on diet-based gut microbiota changes in mice. Results AIN-93M significantly decreased the gut microbial diversity of mice, increasing the abundances of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides and decreasing the abundance of Odoribacter. In contrast, gut microbial diversity was maintained in mice fed a fish oil-intensive diet, where the Firmicutes: Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, the abundance of Parabacteroides was increased and that of Odoribacter was decreased. In contrast, the VSL#3 intervention had little influence on gut microbiota diversity, decreasing the abundance of Firmicutes. Conclusions AIN-93M can decrease gut microbiota diversity, which may be associated with a potential proinflammatory effect. Fish oil may have anti-inflammatory effects by restoring and maintaining microbial diversity.

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PD59-12 FISH -OIL DIET ATTENUATES PROSTATE CANCER DEVELOPMENT WITH SYSTEMATIC INFLAMMATION PROTECTION AND GUT MICROBIOTA ALTERATION IN A PTEN-DEFICIENT MOUSE MODEL

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1097/ju.0000000000000969.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 203 ◽

pp. e1209-e1210

Author(s):

Hiromi Sato* ◽

Shintaro Narita ◽

Ryohei Yamamoto ◽

Atsushi Koizumi ◽

Taketoshi Nara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Cancer Development ◽

Deficient Mouse ◽

Prostate Cancer Development ◽

Fish Oil Diet

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The Potential Effects of Probiotics and ω-3 Fatty Acids on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12082402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2402 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ashley N. Hutchinson ◽

Lina Tingö ◽

Robert Jan Brummer

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Cell Function ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Low Grade ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Immune Mediators ◽

Low Grade Inflammation ◽

Microbiota Diversity

Chronic low-grade inflammation negatively impacts health and is associated with aging and obesity, among other health outcomes. A large number of immune mediators are present in the digestive tract and interact with gut bacteria to impact immune function. The gut microbiota itself is also an important initiator of inflammation, for example by releasing compounds such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that may influence cytokine production and immune cell function. Certain nutrients (e.g., probiotics, ω-3 fatty acids [FA]) may increase gut microbiota diversity and reduce inflammation. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, among others, prevent gut hyperpermeability and lower LPS-dependent chronic low-grade inflammation. Furthermore, ω-3 FA generate positive effects on inflammation-related conditions (e.g., hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes) by interacting with immune, metabolic, and inflammatory pathways. Ω-3 FA also increase LPS-suppressing bacteria (i.e., Bifidobacteria) and decrease LPS-producing bacteria (i.e., Enterobacteria). Additionally, ω-3 FA appear to promote short-chain FA production. Therefore, combining probiotics with ω-3 FA presents a promising strategy to promote beneficial immune regulation via the gut microbiota, with potential beneficial effects on conditions of inflammatory origin, as commonly experienced by aged and obese individuals, as well as improvements in gut-brain-axis communication.

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Suppression of Altered Hepatic Foci Development by a High Fish Oil Diet Compared With a High Corn Oil Diet in Rats

Nutrition and Cancer ◽

10.1207/s15327914nc381_8 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 50-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chong-Kuei Lii ◽

Chu-Chyn Ou ◽

Kai-Li Liu ◽

Jer-Yuh Liu ◽

Wea-Lung Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Altered Hepatic Foci ◽

Fish Oil Diet ◽

High Fish

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High-glycemic index carbohydrates abrogate the antiobesity effect of fish oil in mice

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00524.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 302 (9) ◽

pp. E1097-E1112 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Qin Hao ◽

Haldis H. Lillefosse ◽

Even Fjære ◽

Lene Secher Myrmel ◽

Lisa K. Midtbø ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Fat Diets ◽

Fish Oil Diet ◽

High Fish

Fish oil rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is known to attenuate diet-induced obesity and adipose tissue inflammation in rodents. Here we aimed to investigate whether different carbohydrate sources modulated the antiobesity effects of fish oil. By feeding C57BL/6J mice isocaloric high-fat diets enriched with fish oil for 6 wk, we show that increasing amounts of sucrose in the diets dose-dependently increased energy efficiency and white adipose tissue (WAT) mass. Mice receiving fructose had about 50% less WAT mass than mice fed a high fish oil diet supplemented with either glucose or sucrose, indicating that the glucose moiety of sucrose was responsible for the obesity-promoting effect of sucrose. To investigate whether the obesogenic effect of sucrose and glucose was related to stimulation of insulin secretion, we combined fish oil with high and low glycemic index (GI) starches. Mice receiving the fish oil diet containing the low-GI starch had significantly less WAT than mice fed high-GI starch. Moreover, inhibition of insulin secretion by administration of nifedipine significantly reduced WAT mass in mice fed a high-fish oil diet in combination with sucrose. Our data show that the macronutrient composition of the diet modulates the effects of fish oil. Fish oil combined with sucrose, glucose, or high-GI starch promotes obesity, and the reported anti-inflammatory actions of fish oil are abrogated. In conclusion, our data indicate that glycemic control of insulin secretion modulates metabolic effects of fish oil by demonstrating that high-GI carbohydrates attenuate the antiobesity effects of fish oil.

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