scholarly journals Hepatotoxic manifestations of arsenic trioxide loaded poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles in wistar rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshvandra Verma ◽  
Kavita Rana ◽  
Varsha Rani ◽  
S VS Rana
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Serum Transaminases ◽  
Mitochondrial Lipid

Abstract Present study reports on the hepatotoxic manifestations of arsenic trioxide loaded poly lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles (As2O3-PLGA- NPs) in rats. As2O3-PLGA- NPs enhances the activity of serum transaminases. As2O3-PLGA-NPs are potential inducer of lipid peroxidation in mitochondria as well as microsomes. Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation was higher than the microsomal lipid peroxidation. CYP450 2E1 was lower in the liver of As2O3-PLGA- NPs treated rats in comparison to arsenic trioxide treated rats. GSH showed lower values than control rats and arsenic trioxide treated rats. Glutathione-S-transferase inhibited by arsenic trioxide, non significant increase was recorded in the liver of As2O3-PLGA- NPs treated rats. As2O3-PLGA- NPs readily accumulates in liver and induces peculiar histopathological changes viz. intracytoplasmic/intranuclear inclusions and apoptosis. Since As2O3-PLGA- NPs are being considered as a suitable chemo-preventive agent against different types of cancer, its toxicological properties are of prime concern from bio-safety point of view. Thus, present observations seem to be important from human health risk assessment point of view.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxic Manifestations of Arsenic Trioxide Loaded Poly (Lactide-co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles in Wistar Rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshvandra Verma ◽  
Kavita Rana ◽  
Varsha Rani ◽  
Suresh VS Rana
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Serum Transaminases ◽  
Mitochondrial Lipid

Abstract Present study reports on the hepatotoxic manifestations of arsenic trioxide loaded poly lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles (As2O3-PLGA- NPs) in rats. As2O3-PLGA- NPs enhances the activity of serum transaminases. As2O3-PLGA-NPs are potential inducer of lipid peroxidation in mitochondria as well as microsomes. Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation was higher than the microsomal lipid peroxidation. CYP450 2E1 was lower in the liver of As2O3-PLGA- NPs treated rats in comparison to arsenic trioxide treated rats. GSH showed lower values than control rats and arsenic trioxide treated rats. Glutathione-S-transferase inhibited by arsenic trioxide, non significant increase was recorded in the liver of As2O3-PLGA- NPs treated rats. As2O3-PLGA- NPs readily accumulates in liver and induces peculiar histopathological changes viz. intracytoplasmic/intranuclear inclusions and apoptosis. Since As2O3-PLGA- NPs are being considered as a suitable chemo-preventive agent against different types of cancer, its toxicological properties are of prime concern from bio-safety point of view. Thus, present observations seem to be important from human health risk assessment point of view.

Decorative motifs on oil lamps from Grimm's 1973 excavations in Alexandria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Abdel Wahed Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decorative Motifs ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Late Roman

A collection of 30 clay oil lamps from Gunther Grimm's excavations in 1973 in the Western necropolis of Alexandria has been classified by Safaa Samir Abu Al Yazid from Tanta University and found to represent 12 different types ranging in time from the Hellenistic to the late Roman periods in Egypt's ancient history. The present paper looks at this collection from the point of view of the symbolic significance of the decorative motifs used in their decoration. These motifs— figural, floral and geometric—had obvious symbolic meaning to their users and signified more than a simple belief in certain deities. They also reflected Roman Egyptian culture.

scholarly journals Effect of Cross-Sex Hormonal Replacement on Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Retroperitoneal Fat Adipocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Pérez-Torres ◽  
Verónica Guarner-Lans ◽  
Alejandra Zúñiga-Muñoz ◽  
Rodrigo Velázquez Espejel ◽  
Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Hormonal Replacement

We report the effect of cross-sex hormonal replacement on antioxidant enzymes from rat retroperitoneal fat adipocytes. Eight rats of each gender were assigned to each of the following groups: control groups were intact female or male (F and M, resp.). Experimental groups were ovariectomized F (OvxF), castrated M (CasM), OvxF plus testosterone (OvxF + T), and CasM plus estradiol (CasM + E2) groups. After sacrifice, retroperitoneal fat was dissected and processed for histology. Adipocytes were isolated and the following enzymatic activities were determined: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). Also, glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured. In OvxF, retroperitoneal fat increased and adipocytes were enlarged, while in CasM rats a decrease in retroperitoneal fat and small adipocytes are observed. The cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats was associated with larger adipocytes and a further decreased activity of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GR, and GSH, in addition to an increase in LPO. CasM + E2exhibited the opposite effects showing further activation antioxidant enzymes and decreases in LPO. In conclusion, E2deficiency favors an increase in retroperitoneal fat and large adipocytes. Cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats aggravates the condition by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Embodied Energy and Embodied GWP of Windows: A Critical Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3788
Author(s):  
Francesco Asdrubali ◽  
Marta Roncone ◽  
Gianluca Grazieschi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Operational Phase ◽  
Operational Impact

The construction sector is one of the most energy-intensive in the industrialized countries. In order to limit climate change emissions throughout the entire life cycle of a building, in addition to reducing energy consumption in the operational phase, attention should also be paid to the embodied energy and CO2 emissions of the building itself. The purpose of this work is to review data on embodied energy and GWP derived from EPDs of different types of windows, to identify the LCA phases, the most impacting materials and processes from an environmental point of view and to perform a critical analysis of the outcomes. The results show a strong dependence on the typology of the frame, with wooden windows having competitive performances: lower average primary energy non-renewable (1123 MJ/FU), higher average primary energy renewable (respectively 817 MJ/FU) and lower global warming potential (54 kgCO2eq/FU). More transparency and standardization in the information conveyed by the program operators is, however, desirable for a better comparability of windows performances. In particular, the inclusion of the operational impact in the EPD is sporadic, but strongly important, since it can be the most impactful phase.

The combination of different open innovations: a longitudinal case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-362
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Xiaotao Li
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovation Capacity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how an organization can combine different types of open innovations and what are the key factors that may influence the combination of different open innovations. Design/methodology/approach The basic methodology of this paper is the longitudinal inductive analysis within the conceptual framework of the open innovation proposed by Dahlander and Gann (2010). In this case study of Xiaomi Tech Inc., the open innovation combination is investigated through examining 25 new products created between August 2010 and December 2016 in terms of four general types: acquiring, sourcing, selling and revealing open innovation. Findings In practice, the combination of different types of open innovations can be realized. A firm may combine different open innovations at three levels: a single product level, a related product cluster level and a company level. In addition, different open innovations can be combined in diverse modes. The purpose of combining different types of open innovations is to overcome the disadvantages of each type and to exploit the advantages of all different types. Many factors may affect a firm’s option of how to combine open innovations. At different development stages, a firm may make and implement corresponding strategic direction based on its innovation capacity and internal resource. For a given strategy, the firm needs to create profits and manage intellectual property in the implementation of open innovations. These factors are interacted each other, rather than isolated. Originality/value The findings of this paper are helpful for better understanding how and why an organization can combine different types of open innovations. From a managerial point of view, an organization may combine different types of open innovations to leverage advantages and avoid disadvantages of each certain type of open innovation. An appropriate combination of different open innovations can effectively improve new product development.

scholarly journals Cell Bioprinting: The 3D-Bioplotter™ Case

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelats Lobo ◽  
Ginestra
Keyword(s):  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Available Information ◽  
User Friendly

The classic cell culture involves the use of support in two dimensions, such as a well plate or a Petri dish, that allows the culture of different types of cells. However, this technique does not mimic the natural microenvironment where the cells are exposed to. To solve that, three-dimensional bioprinting techniques were implemented, which involves the use of biopolymers and/or synthetic materials and cells. Because of a lack of information between data sources, the objective of this review paper is, to sum up, all the available information on the topic of bioprinting and to help researchers with the problematics with 3D bioprinters, such as the 3D-Bioplotter™. The 3D-Bioplotter™ has been used in the pre-clinical field since 2000 and could allow the printing of more than one material at the same time, and therefore to increase the complexity of the 3D structure manufactured. It is also very precise with maximum flexibility and a user-friendly and stable software that allows the optimization of the bioprinting process on the technological point of view. Different applications have resulted from the research on this field, mainly focused on regenerative medicine, but the lack of information and/or the possible misunderstandings between papers makes the reproducibility of the tests difficult. Nowadays, the 3D Bioprinting is evolving into another technology called 4D Bioprinting, which promises to be the next step in the bioprinting field and might promote great applications in the future.

XXVIII.—The Arrangement of Fibre Follicles in some Mammals, with special reference tothe Ovidæ

1939 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Duerden
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Association ◽  
General Development ◽  
Initial Form ◽  
Genetic Unit ◽  
Different Types

At the time of his death Dr Duerden was contemplating the preparation of a paper of this nature, and it is felt by Mrs Duerden that had he been able to express his wishes in this connection he would appreciate a record of the conclusions made by him. No one realised more than Dr Duerden himself the gaps which are still present in our knowledge and interpretation of the grouping of follicles and fibres in the mammalia, and this work is certainly not meant to be taken as representing Dr Duerden's final view or those of his colleagues at the Wool Industries Research Association. In view of the unique value of much of the material the present notes are intended, therefore, to form a basis and reference, firstly, for workers engaged in the general development of any mammalian coat from a morphogenic and phylogenetic point of view, and secondly, for those interested particularly in factors concerned in the formation of different types of fleeces in sheep. The conception of the follicle bundle as a discrete and basic genetic unit largely determining the initial form of the wool staple is of the highest importance in studies on the inheritance and developmentof fleece characters.

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