Genome-Wide Conditional Association Study Reveals the Influences of Lifestyle Cofactors on Genetic Regulation of Body Surface Area in MESA Population

Abstract Backgrounds Body surface area (BSA) is an important trait used for many clinical purposes and is associated with a variety of diseases including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. People's BSA may vary due to genetic background, race, and different lifestyle factors (such as walking, exercise, reading, smoking, transportation, etc.). Genome-wide association study of BSA was conducted on 5,336 subjects of four ethnic populations of European-American, African-American, Hispanic-American, and Chinese-American from MESA (The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherocloris) data using unconditional and conditional full genetic models for analyzing genetic effects of additive, dominance, epistasis, and genetic by ethnicity interactions.Results Conditional association analyses revealed that lifestyle cofactors could affect the genetic effects of genes that regulate BSA. Moreover, impacts of the lifestyle cofactors on BSA could depend on the genotypes of several SNPs, and ethnicity of individuals. In this study, fifteen SNPs were identified with highly significant (Experiment-wise PEW < 1×10–5) genetic effects using unconditional full genetic model, of which thirteen SNPs had individual genetic effects and seven SNPs were involved in four pairs of epistasis interactions. Seven single SNPs and eight pairs of epistasis SNPs were additionally identified using exercise, smoking, and transportation cofactor-conditional models. Estimated heritabily was 72.88% using unconditional model and 74.85 ~ 79.87% using lifestyle cofactor-conditional models. It was revealed that lifestyle cofactors could contribute, suppress, increase or decrease the genetic effects of BSA associated genes. From gene ontology analysis, it was observed that several genes are related to the metabolic pathway of calcium compounds, a main compound in several diseases related to obesity, coronary artery disease, type-2 Diabetes, Alzheimer disease, childhood obesity, sleeping duration, Parkinson disease, and cancer.Conclusions In summary, our study provides novel insights into the genetic mechanism of BSA in MESA population, and influences of different lifestyle cofactors on the genetic effects of BSA associated loci.

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Genome-wide conditional association study reveals the influences of lifestyle cofactors on genetic regulation of body surface area in MESA population

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0253167

Author(s):

Mita Khatun ◽

Md. Mamun Monir ◽

Ting Xu ◽

Haiming Xu ◽

Jun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Body Surface ◽

Genetic Model ◽

Genetic Regulation ◽

Genetic Effects ◽

Additive Effect ◽

Conditional Models ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Calcium Compounds

Body surface area (BSA) is an important trait used for many clinical purposes. People’s BSA may vary due to genetic background, race, and different lifestyle factors (such as walking, exercise, reading, smoking, transportation, etc.). GWAS of BSA was conducted on 5,324 subjects of four ethnic populations of European-American, African-American, Hispanic-American, and Chinese-American from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherocloris (MESA) data using unconditional and conditional full genetic models. In this study, fifteen SNPs were identified (Experiment-wise PEW < 1×10−5) using unconditional full genetic model, of which thirteen SNPs had individual genetic effects and seven SNPs were involved in four pairs of epistasis interactions. Seven single SNPs and eight pairs of epistasis SNPs were additionally identified using exercise, smoking, and transportation cofactor-conditional models. By comparing association analysis results from unconditional and cofactor conditional models, we observed three different scenarios: (i) genetic effects of several SNPs did not affected by cofactors, e.g., additive effect of gene CREB5 (a≙ –0.013 for T/T and 0.013 for G/G, −Log10 PEW = 8.240) did not change in the cofactor models; (ii) genetic effects of several SNPs affected by cofactors, e.g., the genetic additive effect (a≙ 0.012 for A/A and –0.012 for G/G, −Log10 PEW = 7.185) of SNP of the gene GRIN2A was not significant in transportation cofactor model; and (iii) genetic effects of several SNPs suppressed by cofactors, e.g., additive (a≙ –0.018 for G/G and 0.018 for C/C, −Log10 PEW = 19.737) and dominance (d≙ –0.038 for G/C, −Log10 PEW = 27.734) effects of SNP of gene ERBB4 was identified using only transportation cofactor model. Gene ontology analysis showed that several genes are related to the metabolic pathway of calcium compounds, coronary artery disease, type-2 Diabetes, Alzheimer disease, childhood obesity, sleeping duration, Parkinson disease, and cancer. This study revealed that lifestyle cofactors could contribute, suppress, increase or decrease the genetic effects of BSA associated genes.

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Differences in pressure sensitivity and tactile discrimination among individuals as a function of gender and body surface area

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e527352012-548 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Somer M. Givens ◽

David B. Boles

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Body Surface ◽

Pressure Sensitivity ◽

Tactile Discrimination

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Risk Factors for Bleeding during Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1650643 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 76 (05) ◽

pp. 682-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Jos P J Wester ◽

Harold W de Valk ◽

Karel H Nieuwenhuis ◽

Catherine B Brouwer ◽

Yolanda van der Graaf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Body Surface ◽

Small Body ◽

Bleeding Risk ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Risk Of Bleeding ◽

Acute Venous Thromboembolism

Summary Objective: Identification of risk factors for bleeding and prospective evaluation of two bleeding risk scores in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. Design: Secondary analysis of a prospective, randomized, assessor-blind, multicenter clinical trial. Setting: One university and 2 regional teaching hospitals. Patients: 188 patients treated with heparin or danaparoid for acute venous thromboembolism. Measurements: The presenting clinical features, the doses of the drugs, and the anticoagulant responses were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in order to evaluate prognostic factors for bleeding. In addition, the recently developed Utrecht bleeding risk score and Landefeld bleeding risk index were evaluated prospectively. Results: Major bleeding occurred in 4 patients (2.1%) and minor bleeding in 101 patients (53.7%). For all (major and minor combined) bleeding, body surface area ≤2 m2 (odds ratio 2.3, 95% Cl 1.2-4.4; p = 0.01), and malignancy (odds ratio 2.4, 95% Cl 1.1-4.9; p = 0.02) were confirmed to be independent risk factors. An increased treatment-related risk of bleeding was observed in patients treated with high doses of heparin, independent of the concomitant activated partial thromboplastin time ratios. Both bleeding risk scores had low diagnostic value for bleeding in this sample of mainly minor bleeders. Conclusions: A small body surface area and malignancy were associated with a higher frequency of bleeding. The bleeding risk scores merely offer the clinician a general estimation of the risk of bleeding. In patients with a small body surface area or in patients with malignancy, it may be of interest to study whether limited dose reduction of the anticoagulant drug may cause less bleeding without affecting efficacy.

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The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrset2184117 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 131-136

Author(s):

Shirazu I. ◽

Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽

Elvis K. Tiburu ◽

Mensah Y. B. ◽

Forson A.

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Body Surface ◽

Body Height ◽

Health Indicators ◽

The Body ◽

Body Parameters ◽

The Relationship ◽

Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

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An investigation into the age and developmental stage related association between plasma concentrations of leptin and growth hormone, linear growth velocity, body mass index and body surface area in boys between the ages of 1 and 20 years

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.70.aep850 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Naseem Afzaal Ahmed ◽

Mazhar Qayyum ◽

Maleeha Akram ◽

Fahim Tahir ◽

Kiran Afshan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Developmental Stage ◽

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Body Surface ◽

Growth Velocity ◽

Linear Growth ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Related Association

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Oxygen Fraction Adjustment According to Body Surface Area during Extracorporeal Circulation

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf.1325 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 098

Author(s):

Cem Arıtürk ◽

Serpil Ustalar Özgen ◽

Behiç Danışan ◽

Hasan Karabulut ◽

Fevzi Toraman

Keyword(s):

Body Temperature ◽

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Body Surface ◽

Extracorporeal Circulation ◽

Group Iii ◽

Oxygen Fraction ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Background: The inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO2) is usually set between 60% and 100% during conventional extracorporeal circulation (ECC). However, this strategy causes partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) to reach hyperoxemic levels (>180 mmHg). During anesthetic management of cardiothoracic surgery it is important to keep PaO2 levels between 80-180 mmHg. The aim of this study was to assess whether adjusting FiO2 levels in accordance with body temperature and body surface area (BSA) during ECC is an effective method for maintaining normoxemic PaO2 during cardiac surgery.Methods: After approval from the Ethics Committee of the University of Acıbadem, informed consent was given from 60 patients. FiO2 adjustment strategies applied to the patients in the groups were as follows: FiO2 levels were set as 0.21 × BSA during hypothermia and 0.21 × BSA + 10 during rewarming in Group I; 0.18 × BSA during hypothermia and 0.18 × BSA + 15 during rewarming in Group II; and 0.18 × BSA during hypothermia and variable with body temperature during rewarming in Group III. Arterial blood gas values and hemodynamic parameters were recorded before ECC (T1); at the 10th minute of cross clamp (T2); when the esophageal temperature (OT) reached 34°C (T3); when OT reached 36°C (T4); and just before the cessation of ECC (T5).Results: Mean PaO2 was significantly higher in Group I than in Group II at T2 and T3 (P = .0001 and P = .0001, respectively); in Group I than in Group III at T1 (P = .02); and in Group II than in Group III at T2, T3, and T4 (P = .0001 for all). Conclusion: Adjustment of FiO2 according to BSA rather than keeping it at a constant level is more appropriate for keeping PaO2 between safe level limits. However, since oxygen consumption of cells vary with body temperature, it would be appropriate to set FiO2 levels in concordance with the body temperature in the rewarming period.

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