scholarly journals Effects of Co-Ingestion of AAKG and HMB on Jumping Performance in Young Track and Field Athletes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kaczka ◽  
Amit Batra ◽  
Katarzyna Kubicka ◽  
Marcin Maciejczyk ◽  
Rafał Jastrząb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Baseline Measurement ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Training Cycle

Abstract Background: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of simultaneous supplementation of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate and L-arginine α-ketoglutarate on lower limb power and muscle damage in medium distance runners aged 15.3 (± 0.9) years old. Methods: The study group consisted of 40 volunteers (men and women) aged 14-17 (juniors and younger juniors) who have been practicing medium distance running for at least two years. The study followed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. All subjects attended a familiarisation session on day 0 before the test commenced. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: supplements group and placebo group. A similar training cycle protocol was used in both groups. Daily sRPE values, countermovement jump measurement as well as blood creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured during 12-day training period. Results: After the end of the training cycle, a significant (p = 0.002) decrease in the countermovement jump (CMJ) height was found in the placebo group when compared to the baseline measurement. In the supplements group, there was no decrease in the countermovement jump value, which was close to the baseline level after the end of the training cycle (p>0.05). During the 12-day training period, statistically significant changes in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels were recorded between the supplements and placebo groups; its concentration increased during the training weeks similarly, and decreased on rest. All the changes were at a comparable level in both groups. The research results indicate that the supplement combination used in the supplements group prevented a reduction in the CMJ values. In contrast to supplements group, in the placebo group, the CMJ changes were statistically significant: a noticeable (p = 0.002) decrease in CMJ was noted between the baseline measurement and the 6th measurement. The well-being of the subjects from both groups changed significantly during the training period, and the intergroup differences in the mood level were similar and not statistically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the daily co-supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (6 g) and L-arginine α-ketoglutarate (8 g) during the 12-day intensive training camp may prevent deterioration of lower limb muscle power measured by the CMJ test in the well-trained youth track and field athletes. Keywords: training camp supplementation, medium distance runners, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, HMB, L-arginine α-ketoglutarate, AAKG, countermovement jump, CK- creatine kinase, LDH – lactate dehydrogenase.

scholarly journals Effects of Co-Ingestion of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate and L-Arginine α-Ketoglutarate on Jump Performance in Young Track and Field Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064
Author(s):  
Piotr Kaczka ◽  
Katarzyna Kubicka ◽  
Amit Batra ◽  
Marcin Maciejczyk ◽  
Edyta Kopera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Training Cycle

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of simultaneous supplementation of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate and L-Arginine α-ketoglutarate on lower limb power and muscle damage in medium distance runners aged 15.3 (±0.9) years old. Methods: The study group consisted of 40 volunteers aged 14–17 years practicing medium distance running for at least two years. The study lasted 12 days and followed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design. All subjects attended a familiarization session on day 0 before the test. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: supplements and placebo group. The same training cycle protocol was used in both groups during the 12-day training period. Morning warm-up involved 10 min jogging at 60–75% of maximal heart rate and countermovement jump height measurement. Main training units were carried out for both groups with the same volume. Training load assessment (the daily session Rating of Perceived Exertion (s-RPE) method) method takes into consideration the intensity and the duration of the training session to calculate the “training load” (TL). Results: At the end of the training cycle, a significant (p = 0.002) decrease in the countermovement jump (CMJ) height was found in the placebo group when compared to the baseline. In the supplement group, there was no decrease in the countermovement jump height. Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase concentration increased during the training days similarly in both groups and decreased on rest days. There were no differences between groups in enzymes concentration. The research results indicate that the supplement combination used in the supplements group prevented a reduction in the CMJ values. In contrast to the supplements group, in the placebo group, the CMJ changes were statistically significant: a noticeable (p = 0.002) decrease in CMJ was noted between the baseline measurement and the 6th measurement. The well-being of the subjects from both groups changed significantly during the training period, and the intergroup differences in the mood level were similar and not statistically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the daily co-supplementation with calcium salt of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (7.5 g) and L-Arginine α-ketoglutarate (10 g) during training might help to prevent decline in jump performance. No influence on muscle damage markers or mood was shown.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Neuromuscular Training on the Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome in Youth Female Track-and-Field Athletes: A Clinical Trial and Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Guillermo Mendez-Rebolledo ◽  
Romina Figueroa-Ureta ◽  
Fernanda Moya-Mura ◽  
Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Stress Syndrome

Context: Few reports have analyzed the effects of neuromuscular (NM) training programs on the injury incidence among youth female track-and-field athletes. Objective: To determine the effects of NM training on reducing lower limb injury incidence and to establish its effects on countermovement jump performance, balance, 30-m sprint, and joint position sense in youth female track-and-field athletes. Design: Single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Sports research laboratory. Participants: Twenty-two female athletes were allocated into 2 groups: Conventional (CONV) training (n = 11; age = 15.3 [2.1] y) and NM training (n = 11; age = 15.0 [2.7] y). Interventions: Interventions were performed during the preseason of 6 weeks. The CONV training included anaerobic, strength, and aerobic training. The NM training consisted of a multicomponent program that integrated jumps, landings, and running with strength, endurance, agility, balance, and CORE training. Main Outcome Measures: A follow-up of the cohorts was carried out through the evaluation of lower limb injuries (main outcome) during a regular season (weeks 7–18). Secondary outcomes were measured before and after the intervention: Y-balance test, active joint repositioning, ground reaction force, and countermovement jump height. Results: The injury incidence rate was 17.89 injuries per 1000 hours athlete-exposure in CONV training, and 6.58 in NM training (relative risk = 0.38; 95% confidence interval,  0.18 to 0.82; P = .044). Particularly, the medial tibial stress syndrome incidence rate was 5.96 injuries per 1000 hours athlete-exposure in CONV training and 0.82 in NM training (relative risk = 0.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.02 to 1.12; P = .012). In addition, a significant training × time interaction was noted, favoring improvements in 30-m sprint and countermovement jump height after NM. Conclusion: The NM training may improve youth female athlete’s physical fitness and reduce their injury relative risk of medial tibial stress syndrome injury.

scholarly journals Training aimed at the development of power and physical performance of futsal players

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo de Freitas ◽  
Márcio Rinaldo ◽  
Guilherme Guimarães Turquino ◽  
Bernardo Miloski ◽  
Solange de Paula Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Consequent Improvement

Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of a training period aimed at the development of lower limb power and physical performance of futsal players. The sample consisted of 10 futsal players from a professional team aged 23.70 ± 5.85 years, 72.33 ± 6.01 kg and 174.40 ± 0.05 cm. Players were monitored for a period of 4 training weeks, corresponding to the beginning of the competitive period. During this period, physical training sought to improve lower limb power. At the beginning and end of the training period, the following tests were performed: Squat jump (SJ), Countermovement jump (CMJ), 15-meter speed(Vel_15m) and Futsal Intermittent Endurance Test (FIET).The training load was monitored by the Session Perceived Exertion method.Weeks 1 and 3 presented higher training load than weeks 2 and 4 (p <0.01). In the post-training period, shorter running time in the Vel_15m test (p = 0.04), greater height in SJ (p <0.01) and CMJ (p <0.01) tests, and higher maximal speed in FIET (p = 0.04) were observed. It could be concluded that directing training at the beginning of the competitive season to improve power increases the lower limb power of futsal players, with consequent improvement of speed and the ability to perform intermittent actions at high intensities.

EFFECT OF DRAFT LOAD ON LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE AND CREATINE KINASE ACTIVITIES IN MULES.(Equusasinus x Equuscaballus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moolchandani ◽  
M. Sareen
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase

This study was carried out to assess the effects of draft load on serum creatine kinase and lactated ehydorgenase activities in mule. Five adult mules of 5 to 6 years of age were subjected to loading exercise (i.e. 10% draft load for 1 to 5 days and 20% draft load from 6th to 10th day). A highly significant (P<0.01) increase in serum LDH activities in response to 10% and 20% draft load exercise was observed while significant (P<0.05) increase at 10% draft load and highly significant (P<0.01) increase at 20% draft load was observed in CK activities.

scholarly journals Monitoring Training and Recovery during a Period of Increased Intensity or Volume in Recreational Endurance Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2401
Author(s):  
Olli-Pekka Nuuttila ◽  
Ari Nummela ◽  
Keijo Häkkinen ◽  
Santtu Seipäjärvi ◽  
Heikki Kyröläinen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Training Intensity ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Monitoring Training

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of progressively increased training intensity or volume on the nocturnal heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), countermovement jump, perceived recovery, and heart rate-running speed index (HR-RS index). Another aim was to analyze how observed patterns during the training period in these monitoring variables were associated with the changes in endurance performance. Thirty recreationally trained participants performed a 10-week control period of regular training and a 10-week training period of either increased training intensity (INT, n = 13) or volume (VOL, n = 17). Changes in endurance performance were assessed by an incremental treadmill test. Both groups improved their maximal speed on the treadmill (INT 3.4 ± 3.2%, p < 0.001; VOL 2.1 ± 1.8%, p = 0.006). In the monitoring variables, only between-group difference (p = 0.013) was found in nocturnal HR, which decreased in INT (p = 0.016). In addition, perceived recovery decreased in VOL (p = 0.021) and tended to decrease in INT (p = 0.056). When all participants were divided into low-responders and responders in maximal running performance, the increase in the HR-RS index at the end of the training period was greater in responders (p = 0.005). In conclusion, current training periods of increased intensity or volume improved endurance performance to a similar extent. Countermovement jump and HRV remained unaffected, despite a slight decrease in perceived recovery. Long-term monitoring of the HR-RS index may help to predict positive adaptations, while interpretation of other recovery-related markers may need a more individualized approach.

Production and certification of secondary enzyme reference materials (ERMs). Part 1: Preparation of the sera and some of their properties.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1901-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Koedam ◽  
G M Steentjes ◽  
S Buitenhuis ◽  
E Schmidt ◽  
R Klauke
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Clinical Enzymology

Abstract We produced three batches of a human-serum-based enzyme reference material (ERM) enriched with human aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27). The added enzymes were not exhaustively purified; thus the final ERMs contained some enzymes as contaminants, of which only glutamate dehydrogenase activity might interfere. The stability during storage and after reconstitution was good. The commutability of the four enzymes in the three ERM batches was also good, except when German or Scandinavian methods for aminotransferases were involved. The temperature-conversion factors for the ERMs were equivalent to those for patients' sera. Reactivation after reconstitution was complete within 5 min and was independent of the temperature of the reconstitution fluid. We believe that these secondary ERMs will aid in the transfer of accuracy between well-defined reference methods and daily working methods so that clinical enzymology results will become more comparable from laboratory to laboratory.

scholarly journals Local myotoxicity of ketamine hydrochloride in the marmoset

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Davy ◽  
P. N. Trennery ◽  
J. G. Edmunds ◽  
J. F. B. Altman ◽  
D. A. Eichler
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Plasma Enzyme ◽  
Routine Blood ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Injection Procedure

An investigation of raised plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in marmosets after intramuscular ketamine injection suggested a local myotoxicity. This was confirmed by a range of histopathological findings from myofibrillar striation loss to necrosis. In addition to the elevations in AST levels, creatine kinase and the lactate dehydrogenase-5 isoenzyme levels were elevated. It was further demonstrated that, although the physical properties of the injectable solution (pH, osmolality) and to a lesser extent the injection procedure itself caused slight changes in plasma enzyme levels, the ketamine was predominantly responsible for the lesion. No hepatic interactions were seen. This effect should be taken into consideration when this anaesthetic is used in the marmoset if the primary objectives of the experiment entail routine blood analyses.

ASSOCIATION OF SERUM LACTATE LEVELS WITH CREATINE KINASE – MB AND LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Mallaiyan Manonmani ◽  
Meiyappan Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase ◽  
Hemodynamic Management ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Enzymatic Markers ◽  
Lactate Levels

Objectives: Myocardial infarction is the most common form of coronary heart disease, the commonest cause of worldwide mortality. The present biochemical markers take atleast 6 hours for elevation following an episode of myocardial infarction. There is a need for sensitive marker for early diagnosis and prognosis. Lactate, the end product of anaerobic glycolysis is found to be elevated in many critical illnesses. Thus the study was undertaken to assess the levels of serum lactate in patients with myocardial infarction and to correlate it with the frequently used enzymatic markers for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, i.e creatine kinase – MB and lactate dehydrogenase Methods: Fifty age and sex matched controls and fty cases of myocardial infarction were included in the study. Serum creatine kinase – MB, lactate dehydrogenase and lactate were estimated in these subjects. Results:The serum lactate levels were signicantly higher among cases when compared to controls. The serum lactate levels positively correlated with serum creatine kinase – MB among cases but not with lactate dehydrogenase. Conclusions: We conclude that serum lactate is altered in patients with myocardial infarction and may be considered as a prognostic risk factor in these patients. Further studies are needed to nd the cut-off value of serum lactate for assistance in the hemodynamic management of these patients.

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