scholarly journals Evaluation of Mucosal Immunity in Chickens Vaccinated With Oral Pellet Newcastle Disease Vaccine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varalakshmi S ◽  
John Kirubaharan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iga Response ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

Abstract The Newcastle disease outbreak in chickens is a continuing threat to the poultry industry. Infection with Newcastle disease is greatly influenced by the immune status of the birds. The mucosal immunity plays a major role in the local immune response in the protection of chickens against diseases. This study was undertaken to find the efficacy of thermostable live oral pellet vaccine in developing the mucosal immunity in chickens. Samples were collected from Harderian gland, Lachrymal fluid, Tracheal fluid, Intestinal washings, Bile and Serum of chickens after administration of oral pellet vaccine to detect presence of NDV specific IgA antibodies. Results showed that there is significant increase in the immune response after one week post vaccination with no significant difference between 14 and 21 days after vaccine. There exists significant difference in Mean OD values between samples of Harderian, Lachrymal, Trachea, Intestine, Bile and serum with bile found to have increased IgA response. Challenge experiment results showed that oral pellet vaccine was able to protect chickens against virus challenge by increasing the mucosal immunity against Newcastle disease.

scholarly journals POTENCY TEST OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE INACTIVATED NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINES IN SERBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Marina Žekić Stošić ◽  
Radomir Ratajac ◽  
Sava Lazić ◽  
Dušan Orlić ◽  
Miloš Kapetanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Polyvalent Vaccine ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

In order to evaluate the efficacy of inactivated oil-emulsion Newcastle disease vaccine (commercially available on market in Serbia) we carried out the potency test in chickens, using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for detection of antibodies. Th e values of HI titers in the serum before and three weeks aft er vaccination revealed immunoconversion (IC) in chickens, and indicated potential diff erences in the immunoconversion values between two groups vaccinated with monovalent and polyvalent vaccine. In the period 2010-2012, 27 vaccines were tested, there of 21 polyvalent and six monovalent ones. Th ree weeks aft er the vaccination, HI titers of all vaccines were high. Th e average IC values were calculated as log2 (HI titer). The values ranged from 2.2 to 8.2 for polyvalent vaccine, whereas average values for monovalent vaccines were in the range from 3.2 to 6.3. Three weeks post vaccination; no statistically signifi cant diff erences were recorded in the immune response between the tested groups of birds (vaccinated with monovalent and polyvalent vaccines). This supports the fact that both tested vaccines demonstrated good potency to creating immunity against ND in vaccinated birds.

scholarly journals Activities of aqueous extracts of soursop (Annona muricata) leaves on immune response, haematology and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
E. B. Oluwayinka ◽  
F. S. Okunuga ◽  
O. O. Oni ◽  
J. O. Olukunle ◽  
O. A. Akinkuotu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

Poultry production worldwide is still challenged by diseases and researchers are continually searching for different means of combating the causative agents. Annona muricata's antiherpes and anticancer activities may be helpful in tackling Mareks disease of poultry birds. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaves on the haematology, some liver enzymes, body weight gain and immune response to Newcastle disease vaccination in broilers at dosages of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg. Twenty (20) Marshall Broilers which were 35days old at the start of the experiment were used; the chicks were divided into 4 groups. The aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaves was administered orally for 14days; Blood and serum samples were collected at the beginning and end of experiment. Haematology, some liver enzymes test and haemagglutinition inhibition (HI) test against Newcastle disease vaccination was carried out. A significant (p<0.05) decreased in antibody titre against Newcastle disease vaccine was observed in only the group of birds fed with 200mg/kg of the extract. Birds fed with 200mg/kg of the extract had the highest values of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) count but there was no significant difference (p<0.05) in these values in comparison to the control group. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) between treated and control groups. Therefore, aqueous extract of Annona muricata reduces immune response to Newcastle disease vaccine at 200mg/kg dosage but does not have any deleterious effect against the haematology and liver functions of birds fed with doses as high as 200mg/kg.

scholarly journals Effects of polysaccharide from Ophiopogon japonicus on immune response to Newcastle disease vaccine in chicken

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1155-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Song ◽  
Mei Cao ◽  
Zhongqiong Yin ◽  
Renyong Jia ◽  
Yuanfeng Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Ophiopogon Japonicus ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of the potency of some Newcastle disease vaccine brands in Ibadan, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
A.A. Okanlawon ◽  
S.A. Ameen ◽  
R.A. Kadir ◽  
H.M. Ambali ◽  
Y.A. Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is a very common and economically important disease of poultry. There is no drug for treatment of the disease during an outbreak in poultry flocks, and prevention by vaccination is one of the recommended control measures. However, post vaccination outbreaks have been observed on many occasions in chicken flocks and one of the causes has been attributed to possible failure of vaccine to confer immunity. This study was designed to evaluate the potency of ND vaccines available in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: Haemagglutination (HA) technique and elution phenomenon were employed to evaluate the potency of ND vaccines randomly selected in Ibadan. A total of 45 vaccines comprising 9 brands and 5 different strains were selected for potency test. The vaccine brands included ‘Vireo 116’ (n=10), ‘ABIC’ (n=5), ‘Biovac’(n=9), ‘Nobilis’(n=3), ‘NVRI’(n=12), ‘R2B’ (n=2), ‘BAL-ND’ (n=2), ‘Forte dodge’(n=1) and ‘Jovac’ (n=1), while the vaccine strains in the brands included Lasota, B1, Clone, Komarov, Hitcher, and an unknown strain. Results: Thirty-five of the 45 (77.8%) ND vaccines tested had more than 4 HA titer (>64) and were therefore regarded as potent. All the 15 (100%) ND Lasota vaccine strain, 7 out of 10 (70%) ND Komarov strain, 4 out of 5 (80%) ND clone and 5 out of 8 (62.5%) ND B1 strains were potent. None of the ND brand ‘R2B’ vaccine as well as Hitchner strain from ‘Nobilis’ brand was potent, but all 5, 2, 1 and 1 vaccines tested from brands ‘ABIC’, ‘BAL-ND’, ‘Fort dodge’ and ‘Jovac’ respectively were potent. Similarly, 9 of 10, 6 of 9, 2 of 3 and 9 of 12 vaccine strains tested from brands ‘Vireo 116’, ‘Biovac’, ‘Nobilis’ and ‘NVRI’ were respectively potent Conclusion: The occurrence of ND vaccines that are not potent in this study may be contributing to post vaccination failure. It is advisable to subject vaccines to potency test before use. Key words: in vitro, assessment, potency, Newcastle disease, vaccine brands, vaccine strains   French Title; Évaluation in vitro de la puissance de certaines marques de vaccins contre la maladie de Newcastle à Ibadan, Nigéria Contexte: La maladie de Newcastle (ND) est une maladie très courante et économiquement importante des volailles. Il n'existe aucun médicament pour le traitement de la maladie lors d'une épidémie dans des troupeaux de volailles, et la prévention par vaccination est l'une des mesures de contrôle recommandées. Cependant, des flambées post-vaccination ont été observées à de nombreuses reprises dans des troupeaux de poulets et l'une des causes a été attribuée à un éventuel échec du vaccin à conférer l'immunité. Cette étude a été conçue pour évaluer la puissance des vaccins contre la MN disponibles à Ibadan, au Nigéria. Méthodologie: La technique d'hémagglutination (HA) et le phénomène d'élution ont été utilisés pour évaluer la puissance des vaccins contre la MN sélectionnés au hasard à Ibadan. Un total de 45 vaccins comprenant 9 marques et 5 souches différentes ont été sélectionnés pour le test d'activité. Les marques de vaccins comprenaient 'Vireo 116' (n=10), 'ABIC' (n=5), 'Biovac' (n=9), 'Nobilis' (n=3), 'NVRI' (n=12), 'R2B' (n=2), 'BAL-ND' (n=2), 'Forte dodge' (n=1) et 'Jovac' (n=1), tandis que les souches vaccinales des marques comprenaient Lasota, B1, Clone, Komarov, Hitcher et une souche inconnue. Résultats: Trente-cinq des 45 vaccins contre la MN testés (77,8%) avaient plus de 4 titres en HA (>64) et étaient donc considérés comme puissants. Toutes les 15 (100%) souches de vaccin ND Lasota, 7 souches sur 10 (70%) ND Komarov, 4 sur 5 (80%) clones ND et 5 sur 8 (62,5%) souches ND B1 étaient puissantes. Aucun des vaccins ’R2B’ de marque ND ni la souche Hitchner de la marque ’Nobilis’ n'étaient puissants, mais tous les vaccins 5, 2, 1 et 1 testés des marques ‘ABIC’, ‘BAL-ND’, ‘Fort dodge’ et ‘Jovac’ respectivement était puissant. De même, 9 des 10, 6 des 9, 2 des 3 et 9 des 12 souches vaccinales testées des marques ’Vireo 116’, ‘Biovac’, ‘Nobilis’ et ‘NVRI’ étaient respectivement puissantes Conclusion: La présence de vaccins contre la MN qui ne sont pas puissants dans cette étude peut contribuer à l'échec post-vaccinal. Il est conseillé de soumettre les vaccins à un test de puissance avant utilisation. Mots-clés: in vitro, évaluation, puissance, maladie de Newcastle, marques de vaccin, souches vaccinales

scholarly journals Detection of the Immune Response in Broiler Breeders, and Their progeny to Newcastle Disease Vaccine

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Adil S. Ag’gar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Subcutaneous Route ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine

This trail was suggested to evaluate the amount of inherited haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies for Newcastle Disease (ND) from hens to their own progeny via yolk, blood samples were collected from broiler breeders at 51st week of age aiming the collection their sera, these hens were previously vaccinated with ND-killed vaccine at the age 5 and 120 days respectively via subcutaneous route; and ND-alive vaccine at 1and 18 days then monthly intervals by aerosol, random samples of eggs were collected from panels or hatchery machines either after 24h., to detect amount and location of HI antibodies through them, day old chicks were submitted to the same protocol of blood collection as well as mothers. The results showed that the combination manner of vaccines is an ideal way of HI antibodies peak elevation, these antibodies can pass vertically from dam to progeny through yolk, and the yolk material can be used to detect the HI antibody titer by routine process.

scholarly journals Study of Using Thymbra spicata leaves to reduce the toxic immunosuppresive effect of aflatoxin in broilers

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Hatem M. M. Al-Naemey
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Thymbra Spicata ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine ◽  
Protection Ratio

The present study performed to evaluate the impact of addition ofThymbra spicata leaves powder of aflatoxin contaminated ration inreduction of the aflatoxin immuno suppressive effect in the immuneresponse induced by Newcastle disease vaccine in broilers.The study conducted in three groups, The first group fed aflatoxin freeration, second group fed aflatoxin contaminated ration without anytreatment, while the third group fed aflatoxin contaminated rationsupplemented of 2% Thymbra spicata leaves powder.All chick groups were vaccinated twice with Newcastle disease vaccine(NDV) at 10 and 20 days of age. ELIZA test was carried out to estimate thehumeral immune response at 6, 19 and 31 days of age. Infection challengwere done at day 32 of age with velogenic ND strain (Z-2003).The results showed that the first group has high significante antibodies titerreach to 3239±249.3 at 19days of age and 10186+845.3 at 31 days of agewith significant level 0.01 and high protection ratio against challenge(100%)at 32 days of age, while the second group has the low antibodies titerreach to 2622.6±27.3 at 19 days of age and 5712.5±786.9at 31daysof ageand low protection ratio against challenge(66.67), the third group’santibodies titer and protection ratio lower than first group and higher thansecond group ,the titers are 3060±542.5 at 19 days of age and 5712.5±786.9at31 days of age while the protection ratio against challenge is 80% at 32days of age .The results showed the immuno suppressive effect of aflatoxin as in secondgroup and the role of Thymbra spicata leaves powder in reduction of theseeffect.

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